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Health Terms starting with P

Common Health Terms | All Health Terms

2nd Letter:

- 1 2 3 a C D e f h i l n o P Q r s t u y

P Blood-Group System - A blood group related to the ABO, Lewis and I systems. At least five different erythrocyte antigens ...

p120 GTPase Activating Protein - A 120-kDa RAS GTPase-activating protein that binds to tyrosine phosphoproteins through its SH2 domai...

p21-Activated Kinases - A family of serine-threonine kinases that bind to and are activated by MONOMERIC GTP-BINDING PROTEIN...

p300-CBP Transcription Factors - A family of histone acetyltransferases that is structurally-related to CREB-BINDING PROTEIN and to E...

p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - A mitogen-activated protein kinase subfamily that regulates a variety of cellular processes includin...

Pacemaker, Artificial - A device designed to stimulate, by electric impulses, contraction of the heart muscles. It may be te...

Pachyonychia Congenita - A group of inherited ectodermal dysplasias whose most prominent clinical feature is hypertrophic nai...

Pachyrhizus - A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Some Pachyrhizus have been reclassified to PUERARIA. Do not co...

Pachysandra - A plant genus of the family BUXACEAE that should not be confused with common spurge (EUPHORBIA)....

Pachytene Stage - The stage in the first meiotic prophase, following ZYGOTENE STAGE, when CROSSING OVER between homolo...

Pacific Islands - The islands of the Pacific Ocean divided into MICRONESIA; MELANESIA; and POLYNESIA (including NEW ZE...

Pacific States - The geographic designation for states bordering on or located in the Pacific Ocean. The states so de...

Pacifiers - Devices that babies can suck on when they are not feeding. The extra sucking can be comforting to th...

Pacinian Corpuscles - Rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors found in subcutaneous tissue beneath both hairy and glabrous skin....

Paclitaxel - A cyclodecane isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, TAXUS BREVIFOLIA. It stabilizes MICROT...

Pactamycin - Antibiotic produced by Streptomyces pactum used as an antineoplastic agent. It is also used as a too...

Paecilomyces - A mitosporic fungal genus occasionally causing human diseases such as pulmonary infections, mycotic ...

Paenibacillus - A genus of GRAM-POSITIVE ENDOSPORE-FORMING RODS in the family Paenibacillaceae....

Paeonia - A plant genus of the family Paeoniaceae, order Dilleniales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsid...

Paget Disease Extramammary - A rare cutaneous neoplasm that occurs in the elderly. It develops more frequently in women and predo...

Pagetoid Reticulosis - A distinct variant of mycosis fungoides characterized by the presence of localized patches or plaque...

Paget's Disease, Mammary - An intraductal carcinoma of the breast extending to involve the nipple and areola, characterized cli...

Pain - An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIV...

Pain Clinics - Facilities providing diagnostic, therapeutic, and palliative services for patients with severe chron...

Pain Insensitivity, Congenital - A syndrome characterized by indifference to PAIN despite the ability to distinguish noxious from non...

Pain Measurement - Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patien...

Pain Threshold - Amount of stimulation required before the sensation of pain is experienced....

Pain, Intractable - Persistent pain that is refractory to some or all forms of treatment....

Pain, Postoperative - Pain during the period after surgery....

Pain, Referred - A type of pain that is perceived in an area away from the site where the pain arises, such as facial...

Pair Bond - In animals, the social relationship established between a male and female for reproduction. It may i...

Paired Box Transcription Factors - A family of transcription factors that control EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT within a variety of cell lineag...

Paired-Associate Learning - Learning in which the subject must respond with one word or syllable when presented with another wor...

Palaemonidae - A family of CRUSTACEA, order DECAPODA, comprising the palaemonid shrimp. Genera include Macrobrachiu...

Palaeognathae - A superorder of large, mostly flightless birds, named for their distinctive PALATE morphology. It in...

Palaquium - A plant genus of the family SAPOTACEAE. Latex from bark incisions is processed into GUTTA-PERCHA....

Palatal Expansion Technique - An orthodontic method used for correcting narrow or collapsed maxillary arches and functional cross-...

Palatal Muscles - The muscles of the palate are the glossopalatine, palatoglossus, levator palati(ni), musculus uvulae...

Palatal Neoplasms - Tumors or cancer of the PALATE, including those of the hard palate, soft palate and UVULA....

Palatal Obturators - Appliances that close a cleft or fissure of the palate....

Palate - The structure that forms the roof of the mouth. It consists of the anterior hard palate (PALATE, HAR...

Palate, Hard - The anteriorly located rigid section of the PALATE....

Palate, Soft - A movable fold suspended from the posterior border of the hard palate. The uvula hangs from the midd...

Palatine Tonsil - A round-to-oval mass of lymphoid tissue embedded in the lateral wall of the PHARYNX. There is one on...

Palau - A republic consisting of a group of about 100 islands and islets in the western Pacific Ocean. Its c...

Paleodontology - The study of the teeth of early forms of life through fossil remains....

Paleography - The study of ancient inscriptions and modes of writing. It includes the deciphering of manuscripts a...

Paleontology - The study of early forms of life through fossil remains....

Paleopathology - The study of disease in prehistoric times as revealed in bones, mummies, and archaeologic artifacts....

Palinuridae - A family of marine CRUSTACEA, in the order DECAPODA, comprising the clawless lobsters. They are foun...

Palladium - A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a...

Palliative Care - Care alleviating symptoms without curing the underlying disease. (Stedman, 25th ed)...

Pallidotomy - Producing a lesion in the posteroventral portion of the medial GLOBUS PALLIDUS to treat PARKINSON DI...

Pallister-Hall Syndrome - A pleiotropic disorder of human development that comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and posta...

Pallor - A clinical manifestation consisting of an unnatural paleness of the skin....

Palmitates - Salts and esters of the 16-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acid--palmitic acid....

Palmitic Acid - A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids...

Palmitic Acids - A group of 16-carbon fatty acids that contain no double bonds....

Palmitoyl Coenzyme A - A fatty acid coenzyme derivative which plays a key role in fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis....

Palmitoylcarnitine - A long-chain fatty acid ester of carnitine which facilitates the transfer of long-chain fatty acids ...

Palmitoyl-CoA Hydrolase - Enzyme catalyzing reversibly the hydrolysis of palmitoyl-CoA or other long-chain acyl coenzyme A com...

Palpation - Application of fingers with light pressure to the surface of the body to determine consistence of pa...

Palyam Virus - A species of ORBIVIRUS infecting cattle and sheep. It is transmitted by culicine mosquitoes and gnat...

p-Aminoazobenzene - Used in the form of its salts as a dye and as an intermediate in manufacture of Acid Yellow, diazo d...

p-Aminohippuric Acid - The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure eff...

Pamphlets - Printed publications usually having a format with no binding and no cover and having fewer than some...

Pan American Health Organization - WHO regional office for the Americas acting as a coordinating agency for the improvement of health c...

Pan paniscus - The pygmy chimpanzee, a species of the genus Pan, family HOMINIDAE. Its common name is Bonobo, which...

Pan troglodytes - The common chimpanzee, a species of the genus Pan, family HOMINIDAE. It lives in Africa, primarily i...

Panax - An araliaceous genus of plants that contains a number of pharmacologically active agents used as sti...

Panax notoginseng - A plant species of the genus PANAX. It contains damarane-type tetracyclic TRITERPENES. The common na...

Pancoast Syndrome - A condition caused by an apical lung tumor (Pancoast tumor) with involvement of the nearby vertebral...

Pancreas - A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The ...

Pancreas Transplantation - The transference of a pancreas from one human or animal to another....

Pancreas, Artificial - Devices for simulating the activity of the pancreas. They can be either electromechanical, consistin...

Pancreas, Exocrine - The major component (about 80%) of the PANCREAS composed of acinar functional units of tubular and s...

Pancreatectomy - Surgical removal of the pancreas. (Dorland, 28th ed)...

Pancreatic alpha-Amylases - A subclass of alpha-amylase ISOENZYMES that are secreted into PANCREATIC JUICE....

Pancreatic Cyst - A true cyst of the PANCREAS, distinguished from the much more common PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST by posses...

Pancreatic Diseases - Pathological processes of the PANCREAS....

Pancreatic Ducts - Ducts that collect PANCREATIC JUICE from the PANCREAS and supply it to the DUODENUM....

Pancreatic Elastase - A protease of broad specificity, obtained from dried pancreas. Molecular weight is approximately 25,...

Pancreatic Extracts - Extracts prepared from pancreatic tissue that may contain the pancreatic enzymes or other specific u...

Pancreatic Fistula - Abnormal passage communicating with the PANCREAS....

Pancreatic Function Tests - Tests based on the biochemistry and physiology of the exocrine pancreas and involving analysis of bl...

Pancreatic Hormones - Peptide hormones secreted into the blood by cells in the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS of the pancreas. The a...

Pancreatic Juice - The fluid containing digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas in response to food in the duodenum....

Pancreatic Neoplasms - Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, vario...

Pancreatic Polypeptide - A 36-amino acid pancreatic hormone that is secreted mainly by endocrine cells found at the periphery...

Pancreatic Polypeptide-Secreting Cells - A group of islet cells (10-35%) which secrete PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE, a hormone that regulates APPET...

Pancreatic Pseudocyst - Cyst-like space not lined by EPITHELIUM and contained within the PANCREAS. Pancreatic pseudocysts ac...

Pancreaticoduodenectomy - The excision of the head of the pancreas and the encircling loop of the duodenum to which it is conn...

Pancreaticojejunostomy - Surgical anastomosis of the pancreatic duct, or the divided end of the transected pancreas, with the...

Pancreatin - A mammalian pancreatic extract composed of enzymes with protease, amylase and lipase activities. It ...

Pancreatitis - INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomograp...

Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing - A severe form of acute INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS characterized by one or more areas of NECROSIS i...

Pancreatitis, Alcoholic - Acute or chronic INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS due to excessive ALCOHOL DRINKING. Alcoholic pancreati...

Pancreatitis, Chronic - INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS that is characterized by recurring or persistent ABDOMINAL PAIN with or...

Pancreatitis, Graft - An inflammatory disease and serious complication of PANCREAS TRANSPLANTATION. It is caused by a prem...

Pancrelipase - A preparation of hog pancreatic enzymes standardized for lipase content....

Pancuronium - A bis-quaternary steroid that is a competitive nicotinic antagonist. As a neuromuscular blocking age...

Pancytopenia - Deficiency of all three cell elements of the blood, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets....

Pandalidae - A family of CRUSTACEA, order DECAPODA, comprising the pandalid shrimp. They are protandic hermaphrod...

Pandanaceae - A plant family of the order Pandanales, subclass Arecidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons)....

Paneth Cells - Differentiated epithelial cells of the INTESTINAL MUCOSA, found in the basal part of the intestinal ...

Panic - A state of extreme acute, intense anxiety and unreasoning fear accompanied by disorganization of per...

Panic Disorder - A type of anxiety disorder characterized by unexpected panic attacks that last minutes or, rarely, h...

Panicum - A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The seed is one of the millets used in CEREALS and in feed for ...

Panniculitis - General term for inflammation of adipose tissue, usually of the skin, characterized by reddened subc...

Panniculitis, Lupus Erythematosus - A type of lupus erythematosus characterized by deep dermal or subcutaneous nodules, most often on th...

Panniculitis, Nodular Nonsuppurative - A form of panniculitis characterized by recurrent episodes of fever accompanied by the eruption of s...

Panniculitis, Peritoneal - INFLAMMATION of the underlying layer of ADIPOSE TISSUE (panniculus) of the PERITONEUM, usually of th...

Panophthalmitis - Acute suppurative inflammation of the inner eye with necrosis of the sclera (and sometimes the corne...

Pansporablastina - A suborder of FUNGI in the phylum MICROSPORIDIA, possessing a pansporoblastic membrane....

Panstrongylus - A genus of cone-nosed bugs of the subfamily TRIATOMINAE. Its species are vectors of TRYPANOSOMA CRUZ...

Pantetheine - An intermediate in the pathway of coenzyme A formation in mammalian liver and some microorganisms....

Panthera - Genus in the family FELIDAE comprised of big felines including LIONS; TIGERS; jaguars; and the leopa...

Pantoea - A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, straight rods which are motile by peritrichous fl...

Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration - A rare autosomal recessive degenerative disorder which usually presents in late childhood or adolesc...

Pantothenic Acid - A butyryl-beta-alanine that can also be viewed as pantoic acid complexed with BETA ALANINE. It is in...

Panuveitis - Inflammation in which both the anterior and posterior segments of the uvea are involved and a specif...

Papain - A proteolytic enzyme obtained from Carica papaya. It is also the name used for a purified mixture of...

Papaver - A genus of Eurasian herbaceous plants, the poppies (family PAPAVERACEAE of the dicotyledon class Mag...

Papaveraceae - The poppy plant family of the order Papaverales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. These ha...

Papaverine - An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or ...

Papillary Muscles - Conical muscular projections from the walls of the cardiac ventricles, attached to the cusps of the ...

Papilledema - Swelling of the OPTIC DISK, usually in association with increased intracranial pressure, characteriz...

Papilloma - A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a b...

Papilloma, Choroid Plexus - A usually benign neoplasm that arises from the cuboidal epithelium of the choroid plexus and takes t...

Papilloma, Intraductal - A small, often impalpable benign papilloma arising in a lactiferous duct and frequently causing blee...

Papilloma, Inverted - A mucosal tumor of the urinary bladder or nasal cavity in which proliferating epithelium is invagina...

Papillomaviridae - A family of small, non-enveloped DNA viruses infecting birds and most mammals, especially humans. Th...

Papillomavirus E7 Proteins - ONCOGENE PROTEINS from papillomavirus that deregulate the CELL CYCLE of infected cells and lead to N...

Papillomavirus Infections - Neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes caused by papillomaviruses. They are usually benign but s...

Papillomavirus Vaccines - Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS. Human vaccines are intende...

Papillon-Lefevre Disease - Rare, autosomal recessive disorder occurring between the first and fifth years of life. It is charac...

Papio - A genus of the subfamily CERCOPITHECINAE, family CERCOPITHECIDAE, consisting of five named species: ...

Papio anubis - A species of baboon in the family CERCOPITHECIDAE with a somewhat different social structure than PA...

Papio cynocephalus - A species of baboon in the family CERCOPITHECIDAE found in southern equatorial and east Africa. They...

Papio hamadryas - A species of baboon in the family CERCOPITHECIDAE, which has a well-studied trilevel social structur...

Papio papio - A species of baboon in the family CERCOPITHECIDAE, often used as an animal model for cognitive studi...

Papio ursinus - A species of baboon in the family CERCOPITHECIDAE found in southern Africa. They are dark colored an...

Papua New Guinea - A country consisting of the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and adjacent islands, including...

Para-Aortic Bodies - Small masses of chromaffin cells found near the SYMPATHETIC GANGLIA along the ABDOMINAL AORTA, begin...

Parabasalidea - A group (or phylum) of flagellated, anaerobic EUKARYOTES that are endosymbionts of animals. They lac...

Parabens - Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA...

Parabiosis - The experimental joining of two individuals for the purpose of studying the effects of one on the ot...

Paracentesis - A procedure in which fluid is withdrawn from a body cavity via a trocar and cannula, needle, or othe...

Paracentrotus - A genus of SEA URCHINS in the family Echinidae found primarily on the western coasts of Ireland....

Paracoccidioides - A mitosporic fungal genus. P. brasiliensis (previously Blastomyces brasiliensis) is the etiologic ag...

Paracoccidioidomycosis - A mycosis affecting the skin, mucous membranes, lymph nodes, and internal organs. It is caused by Pa...

Paracoccus - Gram-negative non-motile bacteria found in soil or brines....

Paracoccus denitrificans - A species of bacteria isolated from soil....

Paracoccus pantotrophus - A species of gram-negative, coccoid, mostly chemolithoautotrophic bacteria, in the family RHODOBACTE...

Paracrine Communication - Cellular signaling in which a factor secreted by a cell affects other cells in the local environment...

Paraffin - A mixture of solid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. It has a wide range of uses including as a ...

Paraffin Embedding - The infiltrating of tissue specimens with paraffin, as a supporting substance, to prepare for sectio...

Paraganglia, Chromaffin - Small bodies containing chromaffin cells occurring outside of the adrenal medulla, most commonly nea...

Paraganglia, Nonchromaffin - Several clusters of chemoreceptive and supporting cells associated with blood vessels and nerves (es...

Paraganglioma - A neural crest tumor usually derived from the chromoreceptor tissue of a paraganglion, such as the c...

Paraganglioma, Extra-Adrenal - A relatively rare, usually benign neoplasm originating in the chemoreceptor tissue of the CAROTID BO...

Paragonimiasis - Infection with trematodes of the genus PARAGONIMUS. (Dorland, 27th ed)...

Paragonimus - A genus of lung flukes of the family Troglotrematidae infecting humans and animals. This genus consi...

Paragonimus westermani - A species of lung fluke infecting humans and other animals, and found chiefly in Asia and the Far Ea...

Parahippocampal Gyrus - A convolution on the inferior surface of each cerebral hemisphere, lying between the hippocampal and...

Parainfluenza Vaccines - Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infection with parainfluenza viruses in humans and an...

Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human - A species of RESPIROVIRUS also called hemadsorption virus 2 (HA2), which causes laryngotracheitis in...

Parainfluenza Virus 2, Human - A species of RUBULAVIRUS associated particularly with acute laryngotracheitis (CROUP) in children ag...

Parainfluenza Virus 3, Bovine - A species of RESPIROVIRUS, subfamily PARAMYXOVIRINAE, most often seen in conjunction with a secondar...

Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human - A species of RESPIROVIRUS frequently isolated from small children with pharyngitis, bronchitis, and ...

Parainfluenza Virus 4, Human - A species of RUBULAVIRUS causing endemic upper respiratory infections in children. It produces only ...

Parakeets - Common name for one of five species of small PARROTS, containing long tails....

Parakeratosis - Persistence of the nuclei of the keratinocytes into the stratum corneum of the skin. This is a norma...

Paraldehyde - A hypnotic and sedative with anticonvulsant effects. However, because of the hazards associated with...

Paralyses, Familial Periodic - A heterogenous group of inherited disorders characterized by recurring attacks of rapidly progressiv...

Paralysis - A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor s...

Paralysis, Hyperkalemic Periodic - An autosomal dominant familial disorder which presents in infancy or childhood and is characterized ...

Paralysis, Obstetric - Paralysis of an infant resulting from injury received at birth. (From Dorland, 27th ed)...

Paramecium - A genus of ciliate protozoa that is often large enough to be seen by the naked eye. Paramecia are co...

Paramecium aurelia - A species of ciliated PARAMECIUM possessing two micronuclei....

Paramecium caudatum - The most widely distributed species of PARAMECIUM. It is elongated and possesses a bluntly pointed p...

Paramecium tetraurelia - A species of ciliate protozoa. It is used in biomedical research....

Paramethasone - A glucocorticoid with the general properties of corticosteroids. It has been used by mouth in the tr...

Parametritis - Inflammation of the parametrium, the connective tissue of the pelvic floor, extending from the subse...

Paramphistomatidae - A family of flukes of the class Trematoda found in the intestinal tract and liver of animals and man...

Paramyxoviridae - A family of spherical viruses, of the order MONONEGAVIRALES, somewhat larger than the orthomyxovirus...

Paramyxoviridae Infections - Infections with viruses of the family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE. This includes MORBILLIVIRUS INFECTIONS; RESPI...

Paramyxovirinae - A subfamily of PARAMYXOVIRIDAE. Genera include RUBULAVIRUS; RESPIROVIRUS; MORBILLIVIRUS; HENIPAVIRUS...

Paranasal Sinus Diseases - Diseases affecting or involving the PARANASAL SINUSES and generally manifesting as inflammation, abs...

Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms - Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES....

Paranasal Sinuses - Air-filled spaces located within the bones around the NASAL CAVITY. They are extensions of the nasal...

Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration - Cerebellar degeneration associated with a remote neoplasm. Clinical manifestations include progressi...

Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes - Syndromes resulting from inappropriate production of HORMONES or hormone-like materials by NEOPLASMS...

Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy - A diffuse or multifocal peripheral neuropathy related to the remote effects of a neoplasm, most ofte...

Paraneoplastic Syndromes - In patients with neoplastic diseases a wide variety of clinical pictures which are indirect and usua...

Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System - Degenerative or inflammatory conditions affecting the central or peripheral nervous system that deve...

Paranoid Behavior - Behavior exhibited by individuals who are overly suspicious, but without the constellation of sympto...

Paranoid Disorders - Chronic mental disorders in which there has been an insidious development of a permanent and unshake...

Paranoid Personality Disorder - A personality disorder characterized by the avoidance of accepting deserved blame and an unwarranted...

Paraoxon - An organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a pesticide....

Paraparesis - Mild to moderate loss of bilateral lower extremity motor function, which may be a manifestation of S...

Paraparesis, Spastic - Mild or moderate loss of motor function accompanied by spasticity in the lower extremities. This con...

Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic - A subacute paralytic myeloneuropathy occurring endemically in tropical areas such as the Caribbean, ...

Paraphilias - Disorders that include recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors ge...

Paraphimosis - A condition in which the FORESKIN, once retracted, cannot return to its original position. If this c...

Paraplegia - Severe or complete loss of motor function in the lower extremities and lower portions of the trunk. ...

Parapoxvirus - A genus of the family POXVIRIDAE, subfamily CHORDOPOXVIRINAE, which infect ungulates and may infect ...

Paraproteinemias - A group of related diseases characterized by an unbalanced or disproportionate proliferation of immu...

Paraproteins - Abnormal immunoglobulins synthesized by atypical cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. Paraprot...

Parapsoriasis - The term applied to a group of relatively uncommon inflammatory, maculopapular, scaly eruptions of u...

Parapsychology - Branch of psychology that deals with paranormal behavior and events such as telepathy, precognition,...

Paraquat - A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions cau...

Parasitemia - The presence of parasites (especially malarial parasites) in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)...

Parasites - Invertebrate organisms that live on or in another organism (the host), and benefit at the expense of...

Parasitic Diseases - Infections or infestations with parasitic organisms. They are often contracted through contact with ...

Parasitic Diseases, Animal - Infections or infestations with parasitic organisms. The infestation may be experimental or veterina...

Parasitic Sensitivity Tests - Tests that demonstrate the relative effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents against specific parasi...

Parasitology - The study of the structure, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of parasites, and PARASITIC...

Parasomnias - Movements or behaviors associated with sleep, sleep stages, or partial arousals from sleep that may ...

Parasympathectomy - The removal or interruption of some part of the parasympathetic nervous system for therapeutic or re...

Parasympathetic Fibers, Postganglionic - Nerve fibers which project from parasympathetic ganglia to synapses on target organs. Parasympatheti...

Parasympathetic Nervous System - The craniosacral division of the autonomic nervous system. The cell bodies of the parasympathetic pr...

Parasympatholytics - Agents that inhibit the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system. The major group of drugs used...

Parasympathomimetics - Drugs that mimic the effects of parasympathetic nervous system activity. Included here are drugs tha...

Parasystole - A cardiac arrhythmia that is caused by interaction of two independently initiated cardiac impulses o...

Parathion - A highly toxic cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an acaricide and as an insecticide....

Parathyroid Diseases - Pathological processes of the PARATHYROID GLANDS. They usually manifest as hypersecretion or hyposec...

Parathyroid Glands - Two pairs of small oval-shaped glands located in the front and the base of the NECK and adjacent to ...

Parathyroid Hormone - A polypeptide hormone (84 amino acid residues) secreted by the PARATHYROID GLANDS which performs the...

Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein - A ubiquitously expressed, secreted protein with bone resorption and renal calcium reabsorption activ...

Parathyroid Neoplasms - Tumors or cancer of the PARATHYROID GLANDS....

Parathyroidectomy - Excision of one or both of the parathyroid glands....

Paratuberculosis - A chronic GASTROENTERITIS in RUMINANTS caused by MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM SUBSPECIES PARATUBERCULOSIS....

Paratyphoid Fever - A prolonged febrile illness commonly caused by several Paratyphi serotypes of SALMONELLA ENTERICA. I...

Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus - Nucleus in the anterior part of the hypothalamus....

Parechovirus - A genus in the family PICORNAVIRIDAE infecting humans and rodents. The type species is Human parecho...

Parental Consent - Informed consent given by a parent on behalf of a minor or otherwise incompetent child....

Parental Leave - The authorized absence from work of either parent prior to and after the birth of their child. It in...

Parental Notification - Reporting to parents or guardians about care to be provided to a minor (MINORS)....

Parent-Child Relations - The interactions between parent and child....

Parenteral Nutrition - The administering of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient who cannot maintain ade...

Parenteral Nutrition, Home - The at-home administering of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient who cannot main...

Parenteral Nutrition, Home Total - The at-home administering of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient whose sole sour...

Parenteral Nutrition, Total - The delivery of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient whose sole source of nutrien...

Parenting - Performing the role of a parent by care-giving, nurturance, and protection of the child by a natural...

Parents - Persons functioning as natural, adoptive, or substitute parents. The heading includes the concept of...

Paresis - A general term referring to a mild to moderate degree of muscular weakness, occasionally used as a s...

Paresthesia - Subjective cutaneous sensations (e.g., cold, warmth, tingling, pressure, etc.) that are experienced ...

Pargyline - A monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties....

Parietal Cells, Gastric - Rounded or pyramidal cells of the GASTRIC GLANDS. They secrete HYDROCHLORIC ACID and produce gastric...

Parietal Lobe - Upper central part of the cerebral hemisphere....

Parietaria - A plant genus of the family URTICACEAE which is the most common cause of pollinosis in Mediterranean...

Parity - The number of offspring a female has borne. It is contrasted with GRAVIDITY, which refers to the num...

Parking Facilities - Indoor or outdoor areas designated for the parking of vehicles....

Parkinson Disease - A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, re...

Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic - Parkinsonism following encephalitis, historically seen as a sequella of encephalitis lethargica (Von...

Parkinson Disease, Secondary - Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are cause...

Parkinsonian Disorders - A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGI...

Paromomycin - An oligosaccharide antibiotic produced by various STREPTOMYCES....

Paronychia - An inflammatory reaction involving the folds of the skin surrounding the fingernail. It is character...

Parotid Gland - The largest of the three pairs of SALIVARY GLANDS. They lie on the sides of the FACE immediately bel...

Parotid Neoplasms - Tumors or cancer of the PAROTID GLAND....

Parotid Region - The region of the face on either side, around the PAROTID GLAND....

Parotitis - INFLAMMATION of the PAROTID GLAND....

Parovarian Cyst - A cyst (CYSTS) near the OVARY, derived from anomalies of the FALLOPIAN TUBES or the BROAD LIGAMENT. ...

Paroxetine - A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression....

Paroxysmal Hemicrania - A primary headache disorder that is similar to the CLUSTER HEADACHE with unilateral head pain, but d...

Parrots - BIRDS of the large family Psittacidae, widely distributed in tropical regions and having a distincti...

Pars Planitis - Form of granulomatous uveitis occurring in the region of the pars plana. This disorder is a common c...

Parthenogenesis - A unisexual reproduction without the fusion of a male and a female gamete (FERTILIZATION). In parthe...

Partial Pressure - The pressure that would be exerted by one component of a mixture of gases if it were present alone i...

Partial Thromboplastin Time - The time required for the appearance of FIBRIN strands following the mixing of PLASMA with phospholi...

Particle Accelerators - Devices which accelerate electrically charged atomic or subatomic particles, such as electrons, prot...

Particle Size - Relating to the size of solids....

Particulate Matter - Particles of any solid substance, generally under 30 microns in size, often noted as PM30. There is ...

Partnership Practice - A voluntary contract between two or more doctors who may or may not share responsibility for the car...

Partnership Practice, Dental - A voluntary contract between two or more dentists who may or may not share responsibility for the ca...

Parturient Paresis - A disease of pregnant and lactating cows and ewes leading to generalized paresis and death. The dise...

Parturition - The process of giving birth to one or more offspring....

Parvalbumins - Low molecular weight, calcium binding muscle proteins. Their physiological function is possibly rela...

Parvoviridae - A family of very small DNA viruses containing a single molecule of single-stranded DNA and consistin...

Parvoviridae Infections - Virus infections caused by the PARVOVIRIDAE....

Parvovirinae - A subfamily of DNA vertebrate viruses, in the family PARVOVIRIDAE. There are three genera: PARVOVIRU...

Parvovirus - A genus of the family PARVOVIRIDAE, subfamily PARVOVIRINAE, infecting a variety of vertebrates inclu...

Parvovirus B19, Human - The type species of ERYTHROVIRUS and the etiological agent of ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM, a disease most c...

Parvovirus, Canine - A species of the genus PARVOVIRUS and a host range variant of FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA VIRUS. It causes ...

Parvovirus, Porcine - A species of PARVOVIRUS causing reproductive failure in pigs....

Paspalum - A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is used for forage....

Passeriformes - A widely distributed order of perching BIRDS, including more than half of all bird species....

Passiflora - A plant genus of the family Passifloraceae, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsid...

Passifloraceae - A plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida that are herbaceous ...

Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis - An evanescent cutaneous reaction occurring when antibody is injected into a local area on the skin a...

Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder - A personality disorder characterized by an indirect resistance to demands for adequate social and oc...

Pasteurella - The oldest recognized genus of the family PASTEURELLACEAE. It consists of several species. Its organ...

Pasteurella Infections - Infections with bacteria of the genus PASTEURELLA....

Pasteurella multocida - A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria normally found in the flora...

Pasteurella pneumotropica - A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus PASTEURELLA, found in the NASOPHARYNX of normal GU...

Pasteurellaceae - A family of coccoid to rod-shaped nonsporeforming, gram-negative, nonmotile, facultatively anaerobic...

Pasteurellaceae Infections - Infections with bacteria of the family PASTEURELLACEAE....

Pasteurellosis, Pneumonic - Bovine respiratory disease found in animals that have been shipped or exposed to CATTLE recently tra...

Pastinaca - A plant genus of the family APIACEAE. The roots are used as food....

Pastoral Care - Counseling or comfort given by ministers, priests, rabbis, etc., to those in need of help with emoti...

Patch Tests - Skin tests in which the sensitizer is applied to a patch of cotton cloth or gauze held in place for ...

Patch-Clamp Techniques - An electrophysiologic technique for studying cells, cell membranes, and occasionally isolated organe...

Patella - The flat, triangular bone situated at the anterior part of the KNEE....

Patellar Dislocation - Displacement of the PATELLA from the femoral groove....

Patellar Ligament - A band of fibrous tissue that attaches the apex of the PATELLA to the lower part of the tubercle of ...

Patellofemoral Joint - The articulation between the articular surface of the PATELLA and the patellar surface of the FEMUR....

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by retropatellar or peripatellar PAIN resulting from physical and biochemic...

Patents - Works consisting of documents granted by a government giving exclusive rights to an inventor or assi...

Patents as Topic - Exclusive legal rights or privileges applied to inventions, plants, etc....

Paternal Age - Age of the biological father....

Paternal Behavior - The behavior patterns associated with or characteristic of a father....

Paternal Deprivation - Prolonged separation of the offspring from the father....

Paternal Exposure - Exposure of the male parent, human or animal, to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biologic...

Paternalism - Interference with the FREEDOM or PERSONAL AUTONOMY of another person, with justifications referring ...

Paternity - Establishing the father relationship of a man and a child....

Pathologic Processes - The abnormal mechanisms and forms involved in the dysfunctions of tissues and organs....

Pathological Conditions, Anatomical - An abnormal structural condition of the human body, usually macroscopic, that is common to a variety...

Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms - Abnormal anatomical or physiological conditions and objective or subjective manifestations of diseas...

Pathology - A specialty concerned with the nature and cause of disease as expressed by changes in cellular or ti...

Pathology Department, Hospital - Hospital department which administers and provides pathology services....

Pathology, Clinical - A subspecialty of pathology applied to the solution of clinical problems, especially the use of labo...

Pathology, Molecular - A subspecialty of pathology concerned with the molecular basis (e.g., mutations) of various diseases...

Pathology, Oral - A dental specialty concerned with pathology of the oral cavity....

Pathology, Surgical - A field of anatomical pathology in which living tissue is surgically removed for the purpose of diag...

Pathology, Veterinary - The field of veterinary medicine concerned with the causes of and changes produced in the body by di...

Patient Acceptance of Health Care - The seeking and acceptance by patients of health service....

Patient Access to Records - The freedom of patients to review their own medical, genetic, or other health-related records....

Patient Admission - The process of accepting patients. The concept includes patients accepted for medical and nursing ca...

Patient Advocacy - Promotion and protection of the rights of patients, frequently through a legal process....

Patient Care - The services rendered by members of the health profession and non-professionals under their supervis...

Patient Care Management - Generating, planning, organizing, and administering medical and nursing care and services for patien...

Patient Care Planning - Usually a written medical and nursing care program designed for a particular patient....

Patient Care Team - Care of patients by a multidisciplinary team usually organized under the leadership of a physician; ...

Patient Compliance - Voluntary cooperation of the patient in following a prescribed regimen....

Patient Credit and Collection - Accounting procedures for determining credit status and methods of obtaining payment....

Patient Discharge - The administrative process of discharging the patient, live or dead, from hospitals or other health ...

Patient Education as Topic - The teaching or training of patients concerning their own health needs....

Patient Education Handout - Works consisting of a handout or self-contained informative material used to explain a procedure or ...

Patient Escort Service - A special service provided by volunteers to accompany patients who need help in moving about the hea...

Patient Freedom of Choice Laws - Laws requiring patients under managed care programs to receive services from the physician or other ...

Patient Identification Systems - Organized procedures for establishing patient identity, including use of bracelets, etc....

Patient Isolation - The segregation of patients with communicable or other diseases for a specified time. Isolation may ...

Patient Isolators - Equipment used to prevent contamination of and by patients, especially those with bacterial infectio...

Patient Participation - Patient involvement in the decision-making process in matters pertaining to health....

Patient Positioning - Moving a patient into a specific position or POSTURE to facilitate examination, surgery, or for ther...

Patient Preference - Individual's expression of desirability or value of one course of action, outcome, or selection in ...

Patient Readmission - Subsequent admissions of a patient to a hospital or other health care institution for treatment....

Patient Rights - Fundamental claims of patients, as expressed in statutes, declarations, or generally accepted moral ...

Patient Satisfaction - The degree to which the individual regards the health care service or product or the manner in which...

Patient Selection - Criteria and standards used for the determination of the appropriateness of the inclusion of patient...

Patient Self-Determination Act - The purpose of this 1990 federal act is to assure that individuals receiving health care services wi...

Patient Simulation - The use of persons coached to feign symptoms or conditions of real diseases in a life-like manner in...

Patient Transfer - Interfacility or intrahospital transfer of patients. Intrahospital transfer is usually to obtain a s...

Patient-Centered Care - Design of patient care wherein institutional resources and personnel are organized around patients r...

Patients - Individuals participating in the health care system for the purpose of receiving therapeutic, diagno...

Patients' Rooms - Rooms occupied by one or more individuals during a stay in a health facility. The concept includes a...

Patrinia - A plant genus of the family VALERIANACEAE. Members contain ursolic acid and oleanolic acid glycoside...

Pattern Recognition, Automated - In INFORMATION RETRIEVAL, machine-sensing or identification of visible patterns (shapes, forms, and ...

Pattern Recognition, Physiological - The analysis of a critical number of sensory stimuli or facts (the pattern) by physiological process...

Pattern Recognition, Visual - Mental process to visually perceive a critical number of facts (the pattern), such as characters, sh...

Patulin - 4-Hydroxy-4H-furo(3,2-c)pyran-2(6H)-one. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and ...

Paullinia - A plant genus of the family SAPINDACEAE. The seed of P. cupana is the source of guarana powder which...

Pausinystalia - A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. Members produce YOHIMBINE....

PAX2 Transcription Factor - A paired box transcription factor that is essential for ORGANOGENESIS of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ...

PAX7 Transcription Factor - A paired box transcription factor that is involved in EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT of the CENTRAL NERVOUS S...

PAX9 Transcription Factor - A paired box transcription factor that is involved in ODONTOGENESIS....

Paxillin - Paxillin is a signal transducing adaptor protein for CELL MIGRATION that localizes primarily to FOCA...

p-Azobenzenearsonate - A hapten capable of eliciting both antibody formation and delayed hypersensitivity when bound to aro...

PC12 Cells - A CELL LINE derived from a PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA of the rat ADRENAL MEDULLA. PC12 cells stop dividing and...

p-Chloroamphetamine - Chlorinated analog of AMPHETAMINE. Potent neurotoxin that causes release and eventually depletion of...

p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid - An organic mercurial used as a sulfhydryl reagent....

p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene - A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on ...

PDZ Domains - Protein interaction domains of about 70-90 amino acid residues, named after a common structure found...

Peace Corps - It was established in 1961 and made an independent agency in 1981. Its mission is to help the people...

Peak Expiratory Flow Rate - Measurement of the maximum rate of airflow attained during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination. Co...

Peanut Agglutinin - Lectin purified from peanuts (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA). It binds to poorly differentiated cells and termina...

Peanut Hypersensitivity - Allergic reaction to peanuts that is triggered by the immune system....

Peas - A variable annual leguminous vine (Pisum sativum) that is cultivated for its rounded smooth or wrink...

Pecten - A genus of scallops in the family PECTINIDAE, class BIVALVIA. The shell is usually radially ribbed....

Pectinatus - A genus of gram-negative bacteria in the family ACIDAMINOCOCCACEAE, isolated from spoiled BEER and p...

Pectinidae - A large family of mollusks in the class BIVALVIA, known commonly as scallops. They possess flat, alm...

Pectins - High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell w...

Pectobacterium - A genus of gram-negative bacteria in the family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE consisting of species that profus...

Pectobacterium carotovorum - A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that causes rotting, partic...

Pectobacterium chrysanthemi - A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that causes vascular wilts ...

Pectoralis Muscles - The pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles that make up the upper and fore part of the chest ...

Pedaliaceae - The sesamum family of the order Scrophulariales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida that are ma...

Pediatric Assistants - Persons academically trained to provide medical care, under the supervision of a physician, to infan...

Pediatric Dentistry - The practice of dentistry concerned with the dental problems of children, proper maintenance, and tr...

Pediatric Nursing - The nursing care of children from birth to adolescence. It includes the clinical and psychological a...

Pediatrics - A medical specialty concerned with maintaining health and providing medical care to children from bi...

Pedicularis - A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain phenylpropanoid glycosides and iridoid...

Pediculus - Lice of the genus Pediculus, family Pediculidae. Pediculus humanus corporus is the human body louse ...

Pedigree - The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating indiv...

Pediococcus - A genus of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacteria whose growth is dependent on the presence...

Pedophilia - A sexual disorder occurring in a person 16 years or older and that is recurrent with intense sexuall...

Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus - Dense collection of cells in the caudal pontomesencephalic tegmentum known to play a role in the fun...

Peer Group - Group composed of associates of same species, approximately the same age, and usually of similar ran...

Peer Review - An organized procedure carried out by a select committee of professionals in evaluating the performa...

Peer Review, Health Care - The concurrent or retrospective review by practicing physicians or other health professionals of the...

Peer Review, Research - The evaluation by experts of the quality and pertinence of research or research proposals of other e...

Pefloxacin - A synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent active against most gram-negative and...

Peganum - A plant genus of the family ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. Harmala and other ALKALOIDS, phenylpropanoids, and TRITE...

Pelargonium - A plant genus of the family GERANIACEAE. The common name of geranium is also used for the GERANIUM g...

Pelger-Huet Anomaly - An inherited defect interfering with normal nuclear lobulation of neutrophils and eosinophils. The n...

Peliosis Hepatis - A vascular disease of the LIVER characterized by the occurrence of multiple blood-filled CYSTS or ca...

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease - A rare, slowly progressive disorder of myelin formation. Subtypes are referred to as classic, congen...

Pellagra - A disease due to deficiency of NIACIN, a B-complex vitamin, or its precursor TRYPTOPHAN. It is chara...

Pelvic Exenteration - Removal of all of the organs and adjacent structures of the pelvis. It is usually performed to surgi...

Pelvic Floor - Soft tissue formed mainly by the pelvic diaphragm, which is composed of the two levator ani and two ...

Pelvic Infection - Infection involving the tissues or organs in the PELVIS....

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease - A spectrum of inflammation involving the female upper genital tract and the supporting tissues. It i...

Pelvic Neoplasms - Tumors or cancer of the pelvic region....

Pelvic Organ Prolapse - Abnormal descent of a pelvic organ resulting in the protrusion of the organ beyond its normal anatom...

Pelvic Pain - Pain in the pelvic region of genital and non-genital origin and of organic or psychogenic etiology. ...

Pelvimetry - Measurement of the dimensions and capacity of the pelvis. It includes cephalopelvimetry (measurement...

Pelvis - The basin-like area outlined by the hip bones and the vertebral column (SPINE)....

Pemoline - A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic d...

Pemphigoid Gestationis - An itching, autoimmune, bullous SKIN disease that occurs during the last two trimesters of PREGNANCY...

Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane - A chronic blistering disease with predilection for mucous membranes and less frequently the skin, an...

Pemphigoid, Bullous - A chronic and relatively benign subepidermal blistering disease usually of the elderly and without h...

Pemphigus - Group of chronic blistering diseases characterized histologically by ACANTHOLYSIS and blister format...

Pemphigus, Benign Familial - An autosomal dominantly inherited skin disorder characterized by recurrent eruptions of vesicles and...

Pempidine - A nicotinic antagonist most commonly used as an experimental tool. It has been used as a ganglionic ...

Penaeidae - A family of CRUSTACEA, order DECAPODA, comprising the penaeid shrimp. Species of the genus Penaeus a...

Penbutolol - A nonselective beta-blocker used as an antihypertensive and an antianginal agent....

Penetrance - The percent frequency with which a dominant or homozygous recessive gene or gene combination manifes...

Penfluridol - One of the long-acting ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS used for maintenance or long-term therapy of SCHIZOPHREN...

Penicillamine - 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It i...

Penicillanic Acid - A building block of penicillin, devoid of significant antibacterial activity. (From Merck Index, 11t...

Penicillic Acid - A mycotoxin with antibiotic and carcinogenic activity produced by various strains of PENICILLIUM and...

Penicillin Amidase - An enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of penicillin to penicin and a carboxylic acid anion. EC 3.5.1.1...

Penicillin G - A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment ...

Penicillin G Benzathine - Semisynthetic antibiotic prepared by combining the sodium salt of penicillin G with N,N'-dibenzyleth...

Penicillin G Procaine - Semisynthetic antibiotic prepared by combining penicillin G with PROCAINE....

Penicillin Resistance - Nonsusceptibility of an organism to the action of penicillins....

Penicillin V - A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used orally in the treatment of mild to moderate infections b...

Penicillinase - A beta-lactamase preferentially cleaving penicillins. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 3.5.2.-....

Penicillin-Binding Proteins - Bacterial proteins that share the property of binding irreversibly to PENICILLINS and other ANTIBACT...

Penicillins - A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-ami...

Penicillium - A mitosporic Trichocomaceae fungal genus that develops fruiting organs resembling a broom. When iden...

Penicillium chrysogenum - A mitosporic fungal species used in the production of penicillin....

Peniculina - A suborder of protozoa characterized by peniculi, which are often situated deep in the buccal cavity...

Penile Diseases - Pathological processes involving the PENIS or its component tissues....

Penile Erection - The state of the PENIS when the erectile tissue becomes filled or swollen (tumid) with BLOOD and cau...

Penile Implantation - Surgical insertion of cylindric hydraulic devices for the treatment of organic ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION....

Penile Induration - A condition characterized by hardening of the PENIS due to the formation of fibrous plaques on the d...

Penile Neoplasms - Cancers or tumors of the PENIS or of its component tissues....

Penile Prosthesis - Rigid, semi-rigid, or inflatable cylindric hydraulic devices, with either combined or separate reser...

Penis - The external reproductive organ of males. It is composed of a mass of erectile tissue enclosed in th...

Pennisetum - A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The seed is one of the millets used in CEREALS. It contains vit...

Pensions - Fixed sums paid regularly to individuals....

Penstemon - A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain phenylpropanoid and iridoid glycosides...

Pentachlorophenol - An insecticide and herbicide that has also been used as a wood preservative. Pentachlorphenol is a w...

Pentacyclic Triterpenes - Five-ring derivatives of dammarane having a chair-chair-chair-boat configuration. They include the l...

Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate - A vasodilator with general properties similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a more prolonged duration of...

Pentagastrin - A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the se...

Pentamidine - Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in...

Pentanes - Five-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives....

Pentanols - Isomeric forms and derivatives of pentanol (C5H11OH)....

Pentanones - 5-carbon straight-chain or branched-chain ketones....

Pentastomida - A subclass of CRUSTACEA comprising the tongue worms which are obligatory parasites of reptiles, bird...

Pentazocine - The first mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic to be marketed. It is an agonist at the kappa and sigma...

Pentetic Acid - An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for ...

Pentobarbital - A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety)...

Pentolinium Tartrate - A nicotinic antagonist that has been used as a ganglionic blocking agent in hypertension....

Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester - A sulfated pentosyl polysaccharide with heparin-like properties....

Pentose Phosphate Pathway - An oxidative decarboxylation process that converts GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE to D-ribose-5-phosphate via 6...

Pentoses - A class of carbohydrates that contains five carbon atoms....

Pentostatin - A potent inhibitor of ADENOSINE DEAMINASE. The drug induces APOPTOSIS of LYMPHOCYTES, and is used in...

Pentosyltransferases - Enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of a pentose group from one compound to ...

Pentoxifylline - A METHYLXANTHINE derivative that inhibits phosphodiesterase and affects blood rheology. It improves ...

Pentoxyl - 5-Hydroxymethyl-6-methyl- 2,4-(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Uracil derivative used in combination with to...

Pentylenetetrazole - A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant....

Peperomia - A plant genus of the family PIPERACEAE. Members contain prenylated quinones....

Peplomycin - An antineoplastic agent derived from BLEOMYCIN....

Pepsin A - Formed from pig pepsinogen by cleavage of one peptide bond. The enzyme is a single polypeptide chain...

Pepsinogen A - This is one of 2 related pepsinogen systems in humans and is also known as pepsinogen. (The other is...

Pepsinogen C - This is one of the 2 related pepsinogen systems in humans. It is found in prostate and seminal fluid...

Pepsinogens - Proenzymes secreted by chief cells, mucous neck cells, and pyloric gland cells, which are converted ...

Pepstatins - N-acylated oligopeptides isolated from culture filtrates of Actinomycetes, which act specifically to...

Peptaibols - A group of peptides characterized by length of 1-2 dozen residues with a high proportion of them bei...

Peptic Ulcer - Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC ...

Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage - Bleeding from a PEPTIC ULCER that can be located in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT....

Peptic Ulcer Perforation - Penetration of a PEPTIC ULCER through the wall of DUODENUM or STOMACH allowing the leakage of lumina...

Peptichemio - A mixture of six synthetic oligopeptides, each containing MELPHALAN. It is used as a broad-spectrum ...

Peptide Biosynthesis - The production of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS by the constituents of a living organism. The biosynthesis of...

Peptide Biosynthesis, Nucleic Acid-Independent - The enzymatic synthesis of PEPTIDES without an RNA template by processes that do not use the ribosom...

Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational - A process of GENETIC TRANSLATION, when an amino acid is transferred from its cognate TRANSFER RNA to...

Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational - A process of GENETIC TRANSLATION whereby the formation of a peptide chain is started. It includes as...

Peptide Chain Termination, Translational - A process of GENETIC TRANSLATION whereby the last amino acid is added to a lengthening polypeptide. ...

Peptide Elongation Factor 1 - Peptide elongation factor 1 is a multisubunit protein that is responsible for the GTP-dependent bind...

Peptide Elongation Factor 2 - Peptide Elongation Factor 2 catalyzes the translocation of peptidyl-tRNA from the A site to the P si...

Peptide Elongation Factor G - Peptide Elongation Factor G catalyzes the translocation of peptidyl-tRNA from the A to the P site of...

Peptide Elongation Factor Tu - A protein found in bacteria and eukaryotic mitochondria which delivers aminoacyl-tRNA's to the A sit...

Peptide Elongation Factors - Protein factors uniquely required during the elongation phase of protein synthesis....

Peptide Fragments - Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins....

Peptide Hormones - Hormones synthesized from amino acids. They are distinguished from INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES ...

Peptide Hydrolases - Hydrolases that specifically cleave the peptide bonds found in PROTEINS and PEPTIDES. Examples of su...

Peptide Initiation Factors - Protein factors uniquely required during the initiation phase of protein synthesis in GENETIC TRANSL...

Peptide Library - A collection of cloned peptides, or chemically synthesized peptides, frequently consisting of all po...

Peptide Mapping - Analysis of PEPTIDES that are generated from the digestion or fragmentation of a protein or mixture ...

Peptide Nucleic Acids - DNA analogs containing neutral amide backbone linkages composed of aminoethyl glycine units instead ...

Peptide PHI - A 27-amino acid peptide with histidine at the N-terminal and isoleucine amide at the C-terminal. The...

Peptide Synthases - Ligases that catalyze the joining of adjacent AMINO ACIDS by the formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds ...

Peptide T - N-(N-(N(2)-(N-(N-(N-(N-D-Alanyl L-seryl)-L-threonyl)-L-threonyl) L-threonyl)-L-asparaginyl)-L-tyrosy...

Peptide Termination Factors - Proteins that are involved in the peptide chain termination reaction (PEPTIDE CHAIN TERMINATION, TRA...

Peptide YY - A 36-amino acid peptide produced by the L cells of the distal small intestine and colon. Peptide YY ...

Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine Amidase - An amidohydrolase that removes intact asparagine-linked oligosaccharide chains from glycoproteins. I...

Peptides - Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between a...

Peptides, Cyclic - Peptides whose amino and carboxy ends are linked together with a peptide bond forming a circular cha...

Peptidoglycan Glycosyltransferase - A hexosyltransferase involved in the transfer of disaccharide molecules to the peptidoglycan structu...

Peptidyl Transferases - Acyltransferases that use AMINO ACYL TRNA as the amino acid donor in formation of a peptide bond. Th...

Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A - A peptidyl-dipeptidase that catalyzes the release of a C-terminal dipeptide, -Xaa-*-Xbb-Xcc, when ne...

Peptidylprolyl Isomerase - An enzyme that catalyzes the isomerization of proline residues within proteins. EC 5.2.1.8....

Peptococcaceae - A family of bacteria found in the mouth and intestinal and respiratory tracts of man and other anima...

Peptococcus - A genus of gram-positive, anaerobic, coccoid bacteria that is part of the normal flora of the mouth,...

Peptoids - Polymers of N-SUBSTITUTED GLYCINES containing chiral centers at the a-position of their side chains....

Peptones - Derived proteins or mixtures of cleavage products produced by the partial hydrolysis of a native pro...

Peptostreptococcus - A genus of gram-positive, anaerobic, coccoid bacteria that is part of the normal flora of humans. It...

Peracetic Acid - A liquid that functions as a strong oxidizing agent. It has an acrid odor and is used as a disinfect...

Perazine - A phenothiazine antipsychotic with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE. Extrapyramid...

Perception - The process by which the nature and meaning of sensory stimuli are recognized and interpreted....

Perceptual Closure - The tendency to perceive an incomplete pattern or object as complete or whole. This includes the Ges...

Perceptual Defense - Selective perceiving such that the individual protects himself from becoming aware of something unpl...

Perceptual Disorders - Cognitive disorders characterized by an impaired ability to perceive the nature of objects or concep...

Perceptual Distortion - Lack of correspondence between the way a stimulus is commonly perceived and the way an individual pe...

Perceptual Masking - The interference of one perceptual stimulus with another causing a decrease or lessening in perceptu...

Perches - A common name for fish of the family Percidae, belonging to the suborder Percoidei, order PERCIFORME...

Perchloric Acid - An oxidizing agent that is used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for separation of potassium from ...

Perciformes - The most diversified of all fish orders and the largest vertebrate order. It includes many of the co...

Percussion - Act of striking a part with short, sharp blows as an aid in diagnosing the condition beneath the sou...

Perforant Pathway - A pathway of fibers that originates in the lateral part of the ENTORHINAL CORTEX, perforates the SUB...

Perforin - A calcium-dependent pore-forming protein synthesized in cytolytic LYMPHOCYTES and sequestered in sec...

Perfume - A substance, extract, or preparation for diffusing or imparting an agreeable or attractive smell, es...

Perfusion Imaging - The creation and display of functional images showing where the blood flow reaches by following the ...

Pergolide - A long-acting dopamine agonist which has been used to treat PARKINSON DISEASE and HYPERPROLACTINEMIA...

Perhexiline - 2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It m...

Periapical Abscess - Acute or chronic inflammation of tissues surrounding the apical portion of a tooth, associated with ...

Periapical Diseases - Diseases of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE surrounding the root of the tooth, which is distinguished from DEN...

Periapical Granuloma - Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation of periapical tissue resulting from irritation following pulp di...

Periapical Periodontitis - Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inf...

Periapical Tissue - Tissue surrounding the apex of a tooth, including the apical portion of the periodontal membrane and...

Periaqueductal Gray - Central gray matter surrounding the cerebral aqueduct in the mesencephalon. Physiologically it is pr...

Periarthritis - Inflammation of the tissues around a joint. (Dorland, 27th ed)...

Pericardial Effusion - Fluid accumulation within the PERICARDIUM. Serous effusions are associated with pericardial diseases...

Pericardial Window Techniques - Surgical construction of an opening or window in the pericardium. It is often called subxiphoid peri...

Pericardiectomy - Surgical excision (total or partial) of a portion of the pericardium. Pericardiotomy refers to incis...

Pericardiocentesis - Surgical puncture of the pericardial cavity for the aspiration of fluid. (Dorland, 28th ed)...

Pericarditis - Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM from various origins, such as infection, neoplasm, autoimmune proces...

Pericarditis, Constrictive - Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM that is characterized by the fibrous scarring and adhesion of both s...

Pericarditis, Tuberculous - INFLAMMATION of the sac surrounding the heart (PERICARDIUM) due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS infect...

Pericardium - A conical fibro-serous sac surrounding the HEART and the roots of the great vessels (AORTA; VENAE CA...

Pericoronitis - Inflammation of the gingiva surrounding the crown of a tooth....

Pericytes - Unique slender cells with multiple processes extending along the capillary vessel axis and encirclin...

Perilla - A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that is a source of perilla alcohol and the oil is rich in alp...

Perilla frutescens - A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that is an ingredient of Banxia Houpu (DRUGS, CHINESE HERBAL)....

Perilymph - The fluid separating the membranous labyrinth from the osseous labyrinth of the ear. It is entirely ...

Perimeningeal Infections - Infectious processes, including abscesses, effusions, and empyemas which occur in the epidural or su...

Perimenopause - The transitional period before and after MENOPAUSE. Perimenopausal symptoms are associated with irre...

Perimetry - Determination of the extent of the visual field for various types and intensities of stimuli....

Perinatal Care - The care of a fetus or newborn given before, during, and after delivery from the 28th week of gestat...

Perinatal Mortality - Deaths occurring from the 28th week of GESTATION to the 7th day after birth....

Perinatology - The branch of medicine dealing with the fetus and infant during the perinatal period. The perinatal ...

Perindopril - An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failu...

Perinephritis - Inflammation of the connective and adipose tissues surrounding the KIDNEY....

Perineum - The body region lying between the genital area and the ANUS. It is between the VULVA and the anus in...

Period Circadian Proteins - Circadian rhythm signaling proteins that influence circadian clock by interacting with other circadi...

Periodic Acid - A strong oxidizing agent....

Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction - A histochemical technique for staining carbohydrates. It is based on PERIODIC ACID oxidation of a su...

Periodical Index - Work consisting of a subject approach to the contents of a periodical issuing an annual, biennial, ...

Periodicals - Publications intended to be issued on an ongoing basis, generally more frequently than annually, con...

Periodicals as Topic - A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals....

Periodicity - The tendency of a phenomenon to recur at regular intervals; in biological systems, the recurrence of...

Periodontal Abscess - Localized circumscribed purulent area of inflammation in the periodontal tissue. It is a derivative ...

Periodontal Atrophy - Degradation or wasting of the PERIODONTIUM tissues that may involve the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar ...

Periodontal Attachment Loss - Loss or destruction of periodontal tissue caused by periodontitis or other destructive periodontal d...

Periodontal Cyst - An epithelium-lined sac containing fluid; usually found at the apex of a pulp-involved tooth. The la...

Periodontal Diseases - Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (AL...

Periodontal Dressings - Surgical dressings, after periodontal surgery, applied to the necks of teeth and the adjacent tissue...

Periodontal Index - A numerical rating scale for classifying the periodontal status of a person or population with a sin...

Periodontal Ligament - The fibrous CONNECTIVE TISSUE surrounding the TOOTH ROOT, separating it from and attaching it to the...

Periodontal Pocket - An abnormal extension of a gingival sulcus accompanied by the apical migration of the epithelial att...

Periodontal Prosthesis - Any restorative and replacement device that is used as a therapeutic aid in the treatment of periodo...

Periodontics - A dental specialty concerned with the histology, physiology, and pathology of the tissues that suppo...

Periodontitis - Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve an...

Periodontium - The structures surrounding and supporting the tooth. Periodontium includes the gum (GINGIVA), the al...

Perioperative Care - Interventions to provide care prior to, during, and immediately after surgery....

Perioperative Nursing - Nursing care of the surgical patient before, during, and after surgery....

Periostitis - Inflammation of the periosteum. The condition is generally chronic, and is marked by tenderness and ...

Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation - Transplantation of stem cells collected from the peripheral blood. It is a less invasive alternative...

Peripheral Nerves - The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves...

Peripheral Nervous System - The nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system has autonomic...

Peripheral Nervous System Agents - Drugs that act principally at one or more sites within the peripheral neuroeffector systems, the aut...

Peripheral Nervous System Diseases - Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of ...

Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms - Neoplasms which arise from peripheral nerve tissue. This includes NEUROFIBROMAS; SCHWANNOMAS; GRANUL...

Peripheral Vascular Diseases - Pathological processes involving any one of the BLOOD VESSELS in the vasculature outside the HEART....

Periplaneta - A genus in the family Blattidae containing several species, the most common being P. americana, the ...

Periplasm - The space between the inner and outer membranes of a cell that is shared with the cell wall....

Periplasmic Binding Proteins - Periplasmic proteins that scavenge or sense diverse nutrients. In the bacterial environment they usu...

Periplasmic Proteins - Proteins found in the PERIPLASM of organisms with cell walls....

Periploca - A plant genus of the family ASCLEPIADACEAE. It is a source of periplocosides (pregnane steroid glyco...

Periprosthetic Fractures - Fractures around joint replacement prosthetics or implants. They can occur intraoperatively or posto...

Perissodactyla - An order of ungulates having an odd number of toes, including the horse, tapir, and rhinoceros. (Dor...

Peristalsis - A movement, caused by sequential muscle contraction, that pushes the contents of the intestines or o...

Peritoneal Cavity - The space enclosed by the peritoneum. It is divided into two portions, the greater sac and the lesse...

Peritoneal Dialysis - Dialysis fluid being introduced into and removed from the peritoneal cavity as either a continuous o...

Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory - Portable peritoneal dialysis using the continuous (24 hours a day, 7 days a week) presence of perito...

Peritoneal Diseases - Pathological processes involving the PERITONEUM....

Peritoneal Fibrosis - Disorder characterized by a wide range of structural changes in PERITONEUM, resulting from fibrogeni...

Peritoneal Lavage - Washing out of the peritoneal cavity. The procedure is a diagnostic as well as a therapeutic techniq...

Peritoneal Neoplasms - Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM....

Peritoneal Stomata - Natural openings in the subdiaphragmatic lymphatic plexus in the PERITONEUM, delimited by adjacent m...

Peritoneovenous Shunt - An operation for the continuous emptying of ascitic fluid into the venous system. Fluid removal is b...

Peritoneum - A membrane of squamous EPITHELIAL CELLS, the mesothelial cells, covered by apical MICROVILLI that al...

Peritonitis - INFLAMMATION of the PERITONEUM lining the ABDOMINAL CAVITY as the result of infectious, autoimmune, ...

Peritonitis, Tuberculous - A form of PERITONITIS seen in patients with TUBERCULOSIS, characterized by lesion either as a miliar...

Peritonsillar Abscess - An accumulation of purulent material in the area between the PALATINE TONSIL and its capsule....

Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms - A family of mesenchymal tumors composed of histologically and immunohistochemically distinctive peri...

Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia - A disorder resulting from a defect in the pattern of neuronal migration in which ectopic collections...

Permeability - Property of membranes and other structures to permit passage of light, heat, gases, liquids, metabol...

Permethrin - A pyrethroid insecticide commonly used in the treatment of LICE INFESTATIONS and SCABIES....

Permissiveness - The attitude that grants freedom of expression and activity to another individual, but not necessari...

Perna - A genus of freshwater mussel in the family MYTILIDAE, class BIVALVIA. It is found in tropical and wa...

Peromyscus - A genus of the subfamily SIGMODONTINAE consisting of 49 species. Two of these are widely used in med...

Peroneal Nerve - The lateral of the two terminal branches of the sciatic nerve. The peroneal (or fibular) nerve provi...

Peroneal Neuropathies - Disease involving the common PERONEAL NERVE or its branches, the deep and superficial peroneal nerve...

Peronospora - A genus of ALGAE in the family Peronosporaceae. Most species are obligatory parasites and many are p...

Peroxidase - A hemeprotein from leukocytes. Deficiency of this enzyme leads to a hereditary disorder coupled with...

Peroxides - A group of compounds that contain a bivalent O-O group, i.e., the oxygen atoms are univalent. They c...

Peroxiredoxin VI - A peroxiredoxin that is a cytosolic bifunctional enzyme. It functions as a peroxiredoxin via a singl...

Peroxiredoxins - A family of ubiquitously-expressed peroxidases that play a role in the reduction of a broad spectrum...

Peroxisomal Disorders - A heterogeneous group of inherited metabolic disorders marked by absent or dysfunctional PEROXISOMES...

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors - TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS that are activated by ligands and heterodimerize with RETINOID X RECEPTORS and...

Peroxisome Proliferators - A class of nongenotoxic CARCINOGENS that induce the production of hepatic PEROXISOMES and induce hep...

Peroxisomes - Microbodies which occur in animal and plant cells and in certain fungi and protozoa. They contain pe...

Peroxynitrous Acid - A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from...

Perphenazine - An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE....

Persea - A plant genus in the LAURACEAE family. The tree, Persea americana Mill., is known for the Avocado f...

Persia - An ancient civilization, known as early as 2000 B.C. The Persian Empire was founded by Cyrus the Gre...

Persian Gulf Syndrome - Unexplained symptoms reported by veterans of the Persian Gulf War with Iraq in 1991. The symptoms re...

Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome - A syndrome of persistent PULMONARY HYPERTENSION in the newborn infant (INFANT, NEWBORN) without demo...

Persistent Hyperinsulinemia Hypoglycemia of Infancy - A form of nontransient HYPOGLYCEMIA, unique to infancy, due to autosomal recessive mutations of the ...

Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous - A developmental ocular anomaly in which the primary VITREOUS BODY and its surrounding hyaloid vascul...

Persistent Vegetative State - Vegetative state refers to the neurocognitive status of individuals with severe brain damage, in who...

Personal Autonomy - Self-directing freedom and especially moral independence. An ethical principle holds that the autono...

Personal Construct Theory - A psychological theory based on dimensions or categories used by a given person in describing or exp...

Personal Health Services - Health care provided to individuals....

Personal Narratives - Works consisting of accounts of personal experience in relation to a particular field or of particip...

Personal Satisfaction - The individual's experience of a sense of fulfillment of a need or want and the quality or state of ...

Personal Space - Invisible boundaries surrounding the individual's body which are maintained in relation to others....

Personality - Behavior-response patterns that characterize the individual....

Personality Assessment - The determination and evaluation of personality attributes by interviews, observations, tests, or sc...

Personality Development - Growth of habitual patterns of behavior in childhood and adolescence....

Personality Disorders - A major deviation from normal patterns of behavior....

Personality Inventory - Check list, usually to be filled out by a person about himself, consisting of many statements about ...

Personality Tests - Standardized objective tests designed to facilitate the evaluation of personality....

Personhood - The state or condition of being a human individual accorded moral and/or legal rights. Criteria to b...

Personnel Administration, Hospital - Management activities concerned with hospital employees....

Personnel Delegation - To entrust to the care or management of another, to transfer or to assign tasks within an organizati...

Personnel Downsizing - Reducing staff to cut costs or to achieve greater efficiency....

Personnel Loyalty - Dedication or commitment shown by employees to organizations or institutions where they work....

Personnel Management - Planning, organizing, and administering all activities related to personnel....

Personnel Selection - The process of choosing employees for specific types of employment. The concept includes recruitment...

Personnel Staffing and Scheduling - The selection, appointing, and scheduling of personnel....

Personnel Staffing and Scheduling Information Systems - Computer-based systems for use in personnel management in a facility, e.g., distribution of caregive...

Personnel Turnover - A change or shift in personnel due to reorganization, resignation, or discharge....

Personnel, Hospital - The individuals employed by the hospital....

Persons - Persons as individuals (e.g., ABORTION APPLICANTS) or as members of a group (e.g., HISPANIC AMERICAN...

Persuasive Communication - A mode of communication concerned with inducing or urging the adoption of certain beliefs, theories,...

Pertussis Toxin - One of the virulence factors produced by BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS. It is a multimeric protein composed o...

Pertussis Vaccine - A suspension of killed Bordetella pertussis organisms, used for immunization against pertussis (WHOO...

Perylene - A 20-carbon dibenz(de,kl)anthracene that can be viewed as a naphthalene fused to a phenalene or as d...

Pessaries - Devices worn in the vagina to provide support to displaced uterus or rectum. Pessaries are used in c...

Pest Control - The reduction or regulation of the population of noxious, destructive, or dangerous insects or other...

Pest Control, Biological - The use of biological mechanisms, usually involving living organisms such as bacteria, for the reduc...

Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants - A highly fatal contagious disease of goats and sheep caused by PESTE-DES-PETITS-RUMINANTS VIRUS. The...

Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus - A species of MORBILLIVIRUS causing a severe, often fatal enteritis and pneumonia (PESTE-DES-PETITS-R...

Pesticide Residues - Pesticides or their breakdown products remaining in the environment following their normal use or ac...

Pesticide Synergists - Chemicals that, while not possessing inherent pesticidal activity, nonetheless promote or enhance th...

Pesticides - Chemicals used to destroy pests of any sort. The concept includes fungicides (FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL...

Pestivirus - A genus of FLAVIVIRIDAE, also known as mucosal disease virus group, which is not arthropod-borne. Tr...

Pestivirus Infections - Infections with viruses of the genus PESTIVIRUS, family FLAVIVIRIDAE....

Petasites - A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain SESQUITERPENES. The common name of sweet col...

Petrolatum - A colloidal system of semisolid hydrocarbons obtained from PETROLEUM. It is used as an ointment base...

Petroleum - Naturally occurring complex liquid hydrocarbons which, after distillation, yield combustible fuels, ...

Petromyzon - A genus of primitive fish in the family Petromyzontidae. The sole species is Petromyzon marinus, kno...

Petrosal Sinus Sampling - Sampling of blood levels of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by withdrawal of blood from the i...

Petroselinum - A plant genus of the family APIACEAE used for flavoring food....

Petrosia - A genus of SPONGES in the family Petrosiidae, characterized by an ectosomal triangular or polygonal ...

Petrous Bone - The dense rock-like part of temporal bone that contains the INNER EAR. Petrous bone is located at th...

Petunia - A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain steroidal glycosides....

Peumus - A plant genus of the family MONIMIACEAE. Members contain boldine ALKALOIDS. Some PEUMUS species have...

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome - A hereditary disease caused by autosomal dominant mutations involving CHROMOSOME 19. It is character...

Peyer's Patches - Lymphoid tissue on the mucosa of the small intestine....

Pfiesteria piscicida - A dinoflagellate with a life cycle that includes numerous flagellated, amoeboid, and encysted stages...

p-Fluorophenylalanine - 3-(p-Fluorophenyl)-alanine....

P-Glycoprotein - A 170-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein from the superfamily of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS. It s...

P-Glycoproteins - A subfamily of transmembrane proteins from the superfamily of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS that...

Phacoemulsification - A procedure for removal of the crystalline lens in cataract surgery in which an anterior capsulectom...

Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction - Disorders in which phagocytic cells cannot kill ingested bacteria; characterized by frequent recurri...

Phagocytosis - The engulfing of microorganisms, other cells, and foreign particles by phagocytic cells (PHAGOCYTES)...

Phagosomes - Membrane-bound cytoplasmic vesicles formed by invagination of phagocytized material. They fuse with ...

Phakic Intraocular Lenses - Lenses, generally made of plastic or silicone, that are implanted into the eye in front of the natur...

Phalangeridae - A family of possums and cuscuses found in Australia, Tasmania, New Guinea and other islands....

Phalaris - A plant genus of the family POACEAE....

Phalloidine - Very toxic polypeptide isolated mainly from AMANITA phalloides (Agaricaceae) or death cup; causes fa...

Phanerochaete - A genus of fungi in the family Corticiaceae, order Stereales, that degrades lignin. The white-rot fu...

Phantom Limb - Perception of painful and nonpainful phantom sensations that occur following the complete or partial...

Phantoms, Imaging - Devices or objects in various imaging techniques used to visualize or enhance visualization by simul...

Pharmaceutic Aids - Substances which are of little or no therapeutic value, but are necessary in the manufacture, compou...

Pharmaceutical Preparations - Drugs intended for human or veterinary use, presented in their finished dosage form. Included here a...

Pharmaceutical Preparations, Dental - Drugs intended for DENTISTRY....

Pharmaceutical Services - Total pharmaceutical services provided by qualified PHARMACISTS. In addition to the preparation and ...

Pharmaceutical Solutions - Homogeneous liquid preparations that contain one or more chemical substances dissolved, i.e., molecu...

Pharmacies - Facilities for the preparation and dispensing of drugs....

Pharmacists - Those persons legally qualified by education and training to engage in the practice of pharmacy....

Pharmacists' Aides - Persons who perform certain functions under the supervision of the pharmacist....

Pharmacoepidemiology - The science concerned with the benefit and risk of drugs used in populations and the analysis of the...

Pharmacogenetics - A branch of genetics which deals with the genetic variability in individual responses to drugs and d...

Pharmacognosy - The science of drugs prepared from natural-sources including preparations from PLANTS, animals, and ...

Pharmacokinetics - Dynamic and kinetic mechanisms of exogenous chemical and drug ABSORPTION; BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT; TISS...

Pharmacologic Actions - A broad category of chemical actions and uses that result in the prevention, treatment, cure or diag...

Pharmacological Phenomena - The properties and processes of drug metabolism and drug interactions....

Pharmacological Processes - The metabolism of drugs and their mechanisms of action....

Pharmacology - The study of the origin, nature, properties, and actions of drugs and their effects on living organi...

Pharmacology, Clinical - The branch of pharmacology that deals directly with the effectiveness and safety of drugs in humans....

Pharmacopoeias - Authoritative works containing lists of drugs and preparations, their description, formulation, anal...

Pharmacopoeias as Topic - Authoritative treatises on drugs and preparations, their description, formulation, analytic composit...

Pharmacy - The practice of compounding and dispensing medicinal preparations....

Pharmacy Administration - The business and managerial aspects of pharmacy in its broadest sense....

Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee - An advisory group composed primarily of staff physicians and the pharmacist which serves as the comm...

Pharmacy Service, Hospital - Hospital department responsible for the receiving, storing, and distribution of pharmaceutical suppl...

Pharyngeal Diseases - Pathological processes involving the PHARYNX....

Pharyngeal Muscles - The muscles of the PHARYNX are voluntary muscles arranged in two layers. The external circular layer...

Pharyngeal Neoplasms - Tumors or cancer of the PHARYNX....

Pharyngectomy - Surgical removal of a part of the pharynx. (Dorland, 28th ed)...

Pharyngitis - Inflammation of the throat (PHARYNX)....

Pharyngostomy - External surgical fistulization of the pharynx for feeding....

Pharynx - A funnel-shaped fibromuscular tube that conducts food to the ESOPHAGUS, and air to the LARYNX and LU...

Phascolarctidae - A family of marsupials in the order Diprotodontia, native to Australia and possessing vestigial tail...

Phase Transition - A change of a substance from one form or state to another....

Phaseolus - A plant genus in the family FABACEAE which is the source of edible beans and the lectin PHYTOHEMAGGL...

Phellodendron - A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. Members contain BERBERINE, indolopyridoquinazoline and other A...

Phenacetin - A phenylacetamide that was formerly used in ANALGESICS but nephropathy and METHEMOGLOBINEMIA led to ...

Phenalenes - A group of AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS that have three rings joined as a triad around a single carbon atom...

Phenazocine - An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacop...

Phenazopyridine - A local anesthetic that has been used in urinary tract disorders. Its use is limited by problems wit...

Phencyclidine - A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for hum...

Phencyclidine Abuse - The misuse of phencyclidine with associated psychological symptoms and impairment in social or occup...

Phenelzine - One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC....

Phenethylamines - A group of compounds that are derivatives of beta- aminoethylbenzene which is structurally and pharm...

Phenetidine - Used in the manufacture of acetophenetidin....

Phenformin - A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is g...

Phenindione - An indandione that has been used as an anticoagulant. Phenindione has actions similar to WARFARIN, b...

Pheniramine - One of the HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS with little sedative action. It is used in treatment of hay feve...

Phenmetrazine - A sympathomimetic drug used primarily as an appetite depressant. Its actions and mechanisms are simi...

Phenobarbital - A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It promo...

Phenol - An antiseptic and disinfectant. It is active against a wide range of micro-organisms including some ...

Phenolphthalein - An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution be...

Phenolphthaleins - A family of 3,3-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)phthalides. They are used as CATHARTICS, indicators, and COLORIN...

Phenolsulfonphthalein - Red dye, pH indicator, and diagnostic aid for determination of renal function. It is used also for s...

Phenoperidine - A narcotic analgesic partly metabolized to meperidine in the liver. It is similar to morphine in act...

Phenothiazines - Compounds containing dibenzo-1,4-thiazine. Some of them are neuroactive....

Phenotype - The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and betwe...

Phenoxybenzamine - An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension ...

Phenoxypropanolamines - Compounds based on a propanolamine attached via an OXYGEN atom to a phenoxy ring. The side chain is ...

Phenprocoumon - Coumarin derivative that acts as a long acting oral anticoagulant....

Phentermine - A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to those of DEX...

Phentolamine - A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hyperten...

Phenyl Ethers - Ethers that are linked to a benzene ring structure....

Phenylalanine - An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHR...

Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase - An enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of PHENYLALANINE to form trans-cinnamate and ammonia....

Phenylalanine Hydroxylase - An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the formation of L-TYROSINE, dihydrobiopterin, ...

Phenylalanine-tRNA Ligase - An enzyme that activates phenylalanine with its specific transfer RNA. EC 6.1.1.20....

Phenylammonium Compounds - QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS based on PHENYLAMINES with the general formula phenyl-N+R3....

Phenylbutazone - A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities...

Phenylcarbamates - Phenyl esters of carbamic acid or of N-substituted carbamic acids. Structures are similar to PHENYLU...

Phenylephrine - An alpha-adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent....

Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase - A methyltransferase that catalyzes the reaction of S-adenosyl-L-methionine and phenylethanolamine to...

Phenylethyl Alcohol - An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preserva...

Phenylethylmalonamide - A metabolite of primidone....

Phenylglyoxal - A reagent that is highly selective for the modification of arginyl residues. It is used to selective...

Phenylhydrazines - Diazo derivatives of aniline, used as a reagent for sugars, ketones, and aldehydes. (Dorland, 28th e...

Phenylisopropyladenosine - N-Isopropyl-N-phenyl-adenosine. Antilipemic agent. Synonym: TH 162....

Phenylketonuria, Maternal - A condition occurring in untreated or partially treated females with PHENYLKETONURIA when they becom...

Phenylketonurias - A group of autosomal recessive disorders marked by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme PHENYLALANINE ...

Phenylmercuric Acetate - A phenyl mercury compound used mainly as a fungicide. Has also been used as a herbicide, slimicide, ...

Phenylmercury Compounds - Organic mercury compounds in which the mercury is attached to a phenyl group. Often used as fungicid...

Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride - An enzyme inhibitor that inactivates IRC-50 arvin, subtilisin, and the fatty acid synthetase complex...

Phenylphosphonothioic Acid, 2-Ethyl 2-(4-Nitrophenyl) Ester - An organothiophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and as a acaricide....

Phenylpropanolamine - A sympathomimetic that acts mainly by causing release of NOREPINEPHRINE but also has direct agonist ...

Phenylpyruvic Acids - A group of compounds that are derivatives of phenylpyruvic acid which has the general formula C6H5CH...

Phenylthiazolylthiourea - A dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor....

Phenylthiohydantoin - Thiohydantoin benzene derivative....

Phenytoin - An anticonvulsant that is used in a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a mu...

Pheochromocytoma - A usually benign, well-encapsulated, lobular, vascular tumor of chromaffin tissue of the ADRENAL MED...

Pheophytins - Chlorophylls from which the magnesium has been removed by treatment with weak acid....

Pheromones - Chemical substances, excreted by an organism into the environment, that elicit behavioral or physiol...

Pheromones, Human - Chemical substances excreted by humans that elicit behavior or physiological responses from other hu...

PHEX Phosphate Regulating Neutral Endopeptidase - A membrane-bound metalloendopeptidase that may play a role in the degradation or activation of a var...

Phialophora - A mitosporic fungal genus. Phialophora verrucosa is a cause of chromomycosis (CHROMOBLASTOMYCOSIS). ...

Philadelphia Chromosome - An aberrant form of human CHROMOSOME 22 characterized by translocation of the distal end of chromos...

Philately - Study of stamps or postal markings. It usually refers to the design and commemorative aspects of the...

Philodendron - A plant genus of the family ARACEAE. As a houseplant it sometimes poisons children and animals....

Philology - The study of literature in its widest sense, including grammar, etymology, criticism, literary histo...

Philology, Classical - The study of ancient Greek and Roman literature, including grammar, etymology, criticism, literary h...

Philology, Oriental - The study of literature written in languages of Asia and the Far East, including grammar, etymology,...

Philology, Romance - The study of literature written in the Romance languages (French, Spanish, Italian, and others desce...

Philosophy - A love or pursuit of wisdom. A search for the underlying causes and principles of reality. (Webster,...

Phimosis - A condition in which the FORESKIN cannot be retracted to reveal the GLANS PENIS. It is due to tightn...

Phlebitis - Inflammation of a vein, often a vein in the leg. Phlebitis associated with a blood clot is called (T...

Phlebography - Radiographic visualization or recording of a vein after the injection of contrast medium....

Phlebotomus - A genus of PSYCHODIDAE which functions as the vector of a number of pathogenic organisms, including ...

Phlebotomus Fever - Influenza-like febrile viral disease caused by several members of the BUNYAVIRIDAE family and transm...

Phlebotomy - The techniques used to draw blood from a vein for diagnostic purposes or for treatment of certain bl...

Phlebovirus - A genus of the family BUNYAVIRIDAE comprising many viruses, most of which are transmitted by Phlebot...

Phleomycins - Water-soluble, copper-containing low molecular weight polypeptides obtained from the culture medium ...

Phleum - A plant genus of the family POACEAE that contains the Phl p 4 allergen....

Phloem - Plant tissue that carries nutrients, especially sucrose, by turgor pressure. Movement is bidirection...

Phlomis - A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains phlorigidosides, iridoid glucosides and megastig...

Phloroglucinol - 1,3,5-Benzenetriol. A trinitrobenzene derivative with antispasmodic properties that is used primaril...

Phobic Disorders - Anxiety disorders in which the essential feature is persistent and irrational fear of a specific obj...

Phoca - A genus in the family of EARLESS SEALS (Phocidae) and collectively the most abundant PINNIPEDS in th...

Phocoena - A genus of PORPOISES, in the family Phocoenidae, comprised of several species. They frequent coastal...

Phodopus - A genus of hamsters characterized by small size, very short tail, and short, broad feet with hairy s...

Pholiota - A genus of basidiomycetous mushroom in the family Strophariaceae, exhibiting a bipolar mating system...

Phonation - The process of producing vocal sounds by means of VOCAL CORDS vibrating in an expiratory blast of ai...

Phonetics - The science or study of speech sounds and their production, transmission, and reception, and their a...

Phonocardiography - Graphic registration of the heart sounds picked up as vibrations and transformed by a piezoelectric ...

Phonophoresis - Use of ultrasound to increase the percutaneous adsorption of drugs....

Phoradendron - A plant genus in the family VISCACEAE, order Santalales, subclass Rosidae. Members contain phoratoxi...

Phorate - A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide....

Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate - A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL which, in addition to being a potent skin tumor promoter, is als...

Phorbol Esters - Tumor-promoting compounds obtained from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium). Some of these are used in cell ...

Phorbols - The parent alcohol of the tumor promoting compounds from CROTON OIL (Croton tiglium)....

Phosgene - A highly toxic gas that has been used as a chemical warfare agent. It is an insidious poison as it i...

Phosmet - An organothiophosphorus insecticide that has been used to control pig mange....

Phosphamidon - An organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide....

Phosphate Acetyltransferase - An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of acetylphosphate from acetyl-CoA and inorganic phosphate. A...

Phosphate Transport Proteins - Membrane proteins that are involved in the active transport of phosphate....

Phosphate-Binding Proteins - Proteins that bind to and are involved in the metabolism of phosphate ions....

Phosphates - Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid....

Phosphatidate Phosphatase - A phosphomonoesterase involved in the synthesis of triacylglycerols. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of ...

Phosphatidic Acids - Fatty acid derivatives of glycerophosphates. They are composed of glycerol bound in ester linkage wi...

Phosphatidylcholines - Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a cholin...

Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase - An enzyme secreted from the liver into the plasma of many mammalian species. It catalyzes the esteri...

Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein - A ubiquitously found basic protein that binds to phosphatidylethanolamine and NUCLEOTIDES. It is an ...

Phosphatidylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase - An enzyme that catalyses three sequential METHYLATION reactions for conversion of phosphatidylethano...

Phosphatidylethanolamines - Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to an ethan...

Phosphatidylglycerols - A nitrogen-free class of lipids present in animal and particularly plant tissues and composed of one...

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate - A phosphoinositide present in all eukaryotic cells, particularly in the plasma membrane. It is the m...

Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase - A phosphorus-oxygen lyase found primarily in BACTERIA. The enzyme catalyzes the cleavage of a phosph...

Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates - Phosphatidylinositols in which one or more alcohol group of the inositol has been substituted with a...

Phosphatidylinositols - Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to the hexa...

Phosphatidyl-N-Methylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase - An enzyme that catalyzes the METHYLATION of phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine to produce phosphatidy...

Phosphatidylserines - Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a serine...

Phosphenes - A subjective visual sensation with the eyes closed and in the absence of light. Phosphenes can be sp...

Phosphines - Inorganic or organic compounds derived from phosphine (PH3) by the replacement of H atoms. (From Gra...

Phosphinic Acids - Inorganic or organic derivatives of phosphinic acid, H2PO(OH). They include phosphinates and phosphi...

Phosphites - Inorganic salts or organic esters of phosphorous acid that contain the (3-)PO3 radical. (From Grant ...

Phosphoadenosine Phosphosulfate - 3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. Key intermediate in the formation by living cells of sulfate ...

Phosphoamino Acids - Amino acids that contain phosphorus as an integral part of the molecule....

Phosphocreatine - An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the tre...

Phosphodiesterase I - A phosphoric diester hydrolase that removes 5'-nucleotides from the 3'-hydroxy termini of 3'-hydroxy...

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors - Compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of phosphodiesterases....

Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) - An enzyme of the lyase class that catalyzes the conversion of ATP and oxaloacetate to ADP, phosphoen...

Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP) - An enzyme of the lyase class that catalyzes the conversion of GTP and oxaloacetate to GDP, phosphoen...

Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase - An enzyme with high affinity for carbon dioxide. It catalyzes irreversibly the formation of oxaloace...

Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System - The bacterial sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) that catalyzes the transfer of the phosphoryl gr...

Phosphofructokinase-1 - An allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis by catalyzing the transfer of a phosphate group from ...

Phosphofructokinase-1, Liver Type - An allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis by catalyzing the transfer of a phosphate group from ...

Phosphofructokinase-1, Muscle Type - An allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis by catalyzing the transfer of a phosphate group from ...

Phosphofructokinase-1, Type C - An allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis by catalyzing the transfer of a phosphate group from ...

Phosphofructokinase-2 - An allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis and gluconeogenesis by catalyzing the transfer of a p...

Phosphofructokinases - Allosteric enzymes that regulate glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. These enzymes catalyze phosphoryla...

Phosphoglucomutase - An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of alpha D-glucose 1-phosphate to alpha D-glucose 6-phosphat...

Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase - An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the reaction 6-phospho-D-gluconate and NADP+ to...

Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase - An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 3-phosphoglycerate to 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate. It takes p...

Phosphoglycerate Kinase - An enzyme catalyzing the transfer of a phosphate group from 3-phospho-D-glycerate in the presence of...

Phosphoglycerate Mutase - An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phospho-D-glycerate to 3-phospho-D-glycerate. EC 5.4.2....

Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C - A type C phospholipase with specificity towards PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOLS that contain INOSITOL 1,4,5-TR...

Phospholipase C beta - A phosphoinositide phospholipase C subtype that is primarily regulated by its association with HETER...

Phospholipase C delta - A phosphoinositide phospholipase C subtype that is structurally defined by the presence of an N-term...

Phospholipase C gamma - A phosphoinositide phospholipase C subtype that is primarily regulated by PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES. ...

Phospholipase D - An enzyme found mostly in plant tissue. It hydrolyzes glycerophosphatidates with the formation of a ...

Phospholipases - A class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphoglycerides or glycerophosphatidates. EC 3....

Phospholipases A - Phospholipases that hydrolyze one of the acyl groups of phosphoglycerides or glycerophosphatidates....

Phospholipases A1 - A phospholipase that hydrolyzes the acyl group attached to the 1-position of PHOSPHOGLYCERIDES....

Phospholipases A2 - Phospholipases that hydrolyzes the acyl group attached to the 2-position of PHOSPHOGLYCERIDES....

Phospholipases A2, Calcium-Independent - A subcategory of structurally-related phospholipases A2 that do not require calcium for activity....

Phospholipases A2, Cytosolic - A subcategory of phospholipases A2 that occur in the CYTOSOL....

Phospholipases A2, Secretory - A subcategory of phospholipases A2 that are secreted from cells. They are 14 kDa proteins containing...

Phospholipid Ethers - Phospholipids which have an alcohol moiety in ethereal linkage with a saturated or unsaturated aliph...

Phospholipid Transfer Proteins - A ubiquitous family of proteins that transport PHOSPHOLIPIDS such as PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL and PHOSPH...

Phospholipids - Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (pho...

Phosphonic Acids - Inorganic or organic derivatives of phosphonic acid with the general formula ROP(OH)2 or RP(=O)(OH)2...

Phosphonoacetic Acid - A simple organophosphorus compound that inhibits DNA polymerase, especially in viruses and is used a...

Phosphoprotein Phosphatases - A group of enzymes removing the SERINE- or THREONINE-bound phosphate groups from a wide range of pho...

Phosphopyruvate Hydratase - A hydro-lyase that catalyzes the dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate to form PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE. Seve...

Phosphoramide Mustards - A group of nitrogen mustard compounds which are substituted with a phosphoramide group or its deriva...

Phosphoranes - Inorganic or organic compounds that contain pentavalent phosphorus and the general formula R5P....

Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate - The key substance in the biosynthesis of histidine, tryptophan, and purine and pyrimidine nucleotide...

Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide Formyltransferase - An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide to 5-formyl-a...

Phosphoribosylglycinamide Formyltransferase - An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a formyl group from N10-formyltetrahydrofolate to N1-(5-pho...

Phosphoric Acid Esters - Organic esters of phosphoric acid....

Phosphoric Acids - Inorganic derivatives of phosphoric acid (H3PO4). Inorganic salts are known as PHOSPHATES and organi...

Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases - A class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of one of the two ester bonds in a phosphodiester co...

Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases - A group of hydrolases which catalyze the hydrolysis of monophosphoric esters with the production of ...

Phosphoric Triester Hydrolases - A class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of one of the three ester bonds in a phosphotriester...

Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides - Modified oligonucleotides in which one of the oxygens of the phosphate group is replaced with a sulf...

Phosphorous Acids - Inorganic or organic derivatives of phosphorous acid (P(OH)3). Inorganic salts are known as PHOSPHIT...

Phosphorus - A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an e...

Phosphorus Acids - Inorganic acids that contain phosphorus as an integral part of the molecule....

Phosphorus Compounds - Inorganic compounds that contain phosphorus as an integral part of the molecule....

Phosphorus Isotopes - Stable phosphorus atoms that have the same atomic number as the element phosphorus, but differ in at...

Phosphorus Metabolism Disorders - Disorders in the processing of phosphorus in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utili...

Phosphorus Radioisotopes - Unstable isotopes of phosphorus that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. P atoms with atomic w...

Phosphorus, Dietary - Phosphorus used in foods or obtained from food. This element is a major intracellular component whic...

Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases - Enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by means other than hydrolysis or oxi...

Phosphorylase a - The active form of GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE that is derived from the phosphorylation of PHOSPHORYLASE ...

Phosphorylase b - The inactive form of GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE that is converted to the active form PHOSPHORYLASE A via...

Phosphorylase Kinase - An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP and PHOSPHORYLASE B to ADP and PHOSPHORYLASE A....

Phosphorylase Phosphatase - An enzyme that deactivates glycogen phosphorylase a by releasing inorganic phosphate and phosphoryla...

Phosphorylases - A class of glucosyltransferases that catalyzes the degradation of storage polysaccharides, such as g...

Phosphorylation - The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond betwee...

Phosphorylcholine - Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction....

Phosphoserine - The phosphoric acid ester of serine....

Phosphothreonine - The phosphoric acid ester of threonine. Used as an identifier in the analysis of peptides, proteins,...

Phosphotransferases - A rather large group of enzymes comprising not only those transferring phosphate but also diphosphat...

Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) - A group of enzymes that transfers a phosphate group onto an alcohol group acceptor. EC 2.7.1....

Phosphotransferases (Carboxyl Group Acceptor) - A class of enzymes that transfers phosphate groups and has a carboxyl group as an acceptor. EC 2.7.2...

Phosphotransferases (Nitrogenous Group Acceptor) - A group of enzymes that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group onto a nitrogenous group accepto...

Phosphotransferases (Paired Acceptors) - A group of enzymes that transfers two phosphate groups from a donor such as ATP to two different acc...

Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor) - A group of enzymes that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group onto a phosphate group acceptor....

Phosphotransferases (Phosphomutases) - A group of enzymes that catalyze an intramolecular transfer of a phosphate group. It has been shown ...

Phosphotungstic Acid - Tungsten hydroxide oxide phosphate. A white or slightly yellowish-green, slightly efflorescent cryst...

Phosphotyrosine - An amino acid that occurs in endogenous proteins. Tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation pla...

Phosvitin - An egg yolk phosphoglycoprotein which contains about 90% of the yolk protein phosphorus. It is synth...

Photinia - A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. The common names of chokeberry or chokecherry are also used fo...

Photoaffinity Labels - Biologically active molecules which are covalently bound to the enzymes or binding proteins normally...

Photobacterium - A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that are common in the marine...

Photobiology - The branch of biology dealing with the effect of light on organisms....

Photobleaching - Light-induced change in a chromophore, resulting in the loss of its absorption of light of a particu...

Photochemical Processes - Chemical reactions effected by light....

Photochemotherapy - Therapy using oral or topical photosensitizing agents with subsequent exposure to light....

Photoelectron Spectroscopy - The study of the energy of electrons ejected from matter by the photoelectric effect, i.e., as a dir...

Photofluorography - The photography of images produced on a fluorescent screen by X-rays....

Photogrammetry - Making measurements by the use of stereoscopic photographs....

Photography - Method of making images on a sensitized surface by exposure to light or other radiant energy....

Photography, Dental - Photographic techniques used in ORTHODONTICS; DENTAL ESTHETICS; and patient education....

Photolysis - Chemical bond cleavage reactions resulting from absorption of radiant energy....

Photomicrography - Photography of objects viewed under a microscope using ordinary photographic methods....

Photons - Discrete concentrations of energy, apparently massless elementary particles, that move at the speed ...

Photoperiod - The time period of daily exposure that an organism receives from daylight or artificial light. It is...

Photopheresis - A process in which peripheral blood is exposed in an extracorporeal flow system to photoactivated 8-...

Photophobia - Abnormal sensitivity to light. This may occur as a manifestation of EYE DISEASES; MIGRAINE; SUBARACH...

Photophosphorylation - The use of light to convert ADP to ATP without the concomitant reduction of dioxygen to water as occ...

Photoplethysmography - Plethysmographic determination in which the intensity of light reflected from the skin surface and t...

Photoreceptor Cells - Specialized cells that detect and transduce light. They are classified into two types based on their...

Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate - Specialized cells in the invertebrates that detect and transduce light. They are predominantly rhabd...

Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate - Specialized PHOTOTRANSDUCTION neurons in the vertebrates, such as the RETINAL ROD CELLS and the RETI...

Photoreceptor Connecting Cilium - The bridge between the inner and the outer segments of a retinal rod or a cone photoreceptor cell. T...

Photoreceptors, Microbial - Light absorbing proteins and protein prosthetic groups found in certain microorganisms. Some microbi...

Photoreceptors, Plant - Plant proteins that mediate LIGHT SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. They are involved in PHOTOTROPISM and other l...

Photorefractive Keratectomy - A type of refractive surgery of the CORNEA to correct MYOPIA and ASTIGMATISM. An EXCIMER LASER is us...

Photorhabdus - A genus of gram-negative bacteria existing symbiotically with nematodes of the family Heterorhabditi...

Photosensitivity Disorders - Abnormal responses to sunlight or artificial light due to extreme reactivity of light-absorbing mole...

Photosensitizing Agents - Drugs that are pharmacologically inactive but when exposed to ultraviolet radiation or sunlight are ...

Photosynthesis - The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon diox...

Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins - Protein complexes that take part in the process of PHOTOSYNTHESIS. They are found in the THYLAKOID M...

Photosystem I Protein Complex - A large multisubunit protein complex that is found in the THYLAKOID MEMBRANE. It uses light energy d...

Photosystem II Protein Complex - A large multisubunit protein complex found in the THYLAKOID MEMBRANE. It uses light energy derived f...

Phototherapy - Treatment of disease by exposure to light, especially by variously concentrated light rays or specif...

Phototrophic Processes - Processes by which phototrophic organisms use sunlight as their primary energy source. Contrasts wit...

Phototropins - Blue-light receptors that regulate a range of physiological responses in PLANTS. Examples include: P...

Phototropism - The directional growth of organisms in response to light. In plants, aerial shoots usually grow towa...

Phrases - Works consisting of common terms, phrases, idioms, and typical conversations, e.g., between health p...

Phrenic Nerve - The motor nerve of the diaphragm. The phrenic nerve fibers originate in the cervical spinal column (...

Phrenology - The study of the conformation of the skull as indicative of mental faculties and traits of character...

Phthalic Acids - A group of compounds that has the general structure of a dicarboxylic acid-substituted benzene ring....

Phthalic Anhydrides - Phthalic acid anhydrides. Can be substituted on any carbon atom. Used extensively in industry and as...

Phthalimides - The imide of phthalic acids....

Phthirus - Lice of the genus Phthirus, family Pediculidae. Phthirus pubis, the crab louse, is usually acquired ...

Phycobilins - Open chain tetrapyrroles that function as light harvesting chromophores in PHYCOBILIPROTEINS....

Phycobiliproteins - Light harvesting proteins found in phycobilisomes....

Phycobilisomes - Light energy harvesting structures attached to the THYLAKOID MEMBRANES of CYANOBACTERIA and red alga...

Phycocyanin - The metal-free blue phycobilin pigment in a conjugated chromoprotein of blue-green algae. It functio...

Phycodnaviridae - A family of DNA plant viruses that infect eukaryotic algae....

Phycoerythrin - The metal-free red phycobilin pigment in a conjugated chromoprotein of red algae. It functions as a ...

Phycomyces - A genus of zygomycetous fungi in the family Mucoraceae, order MUCORALES, forming mycelia having a me...

p-Hydroxyamphetamine - Amphetamine metabolite with sympathomimetic effects. It is sometimes called alpha-methyltyramine, wh...

p-Hydroxynorephedrine - Parahydroxy analog of phenylpropanolamine with properties as a sympathomimetic....

Phyllachorales - An order of fungi in the phylum ASCOMYCOTA characterized by stromatic perithecial forms in most spec...

Phyllanthus - A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE. Bahupatra (MEDICINE, AYURVEDIC) is prepared from this....

Phyllanthus emblica - A plant species of the family EUPHORBIACEAE....

Phyllodes Tumor - A type of connective tissue neoplasm arising from intralobular stroma of the BREAST. It is character...

Phylogeny - The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup....

Physalaemin - An oligopeptide isolated from the skin of Physalaemus fuscumaculatus, a South American frog. It is a...

Physalis - A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain physalin and withangulatin....

Physarida - An order of protozoa characterized by a peridium and capillitium that are calcareous and a spore mas...

Physarum - A genus of protozoa, formerly also considered a fungus. Characteristics include the presence of viol...

Physarum polycephalum - A protozoan, previously also considered a fungus. Characteristics include sporangia that are stalked...

Physical Chromosome Mapping - Mapping of the linear order of genes on a chromosome with units indicating their distances by using ...

Physical Conditioning, Animal - Physical conditioning of domestic, laboratory, and zoo animals. Includes exercising of animals....

Physical Education and Training - Instructional programs in the care and development of the body, often in schools. The concept does n...

Physical Endurance - The time span between the beginning of physical activity by an individual and the termination becaus...

Physical Examination - Systematic and thorough inspection of the patient for physical signs of disease or abnormality....

Physical Exertion - Expenditure of energy during physical activities. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of O...

Physical Fitness - A state of well-being in which performance is optimal, often as a result of physical conditioning wh...

Physical Medicine - A medical specialty concerned with the use of physical agents, mechanical apparatus, and manipulatio...

Physical Phenomena - The entities of matter and energy, and the processes, principles, properties, and relationships desc...

Physical Processes - The forces and principles of action of matter and energy....

Physical Therapy (Specialty) - The auxiliary health profession which makes use of PHYSICAL THERAPY MODALITIES to prevent, correct, ...

Physical Therapy Department, Hospital - Hospital department which is responsible for the administration and provision of diagnostic and medi...

Physical Therapy Modalities - Therapeutic modalities frequently used in PHYSICAL THERAPY (SPECIALTY) by physical therapists or phy...

Physician Assistants - Persons academically trained, licensed, or credentialed to provide medical care under the supervisio...

Physician Executives - Physicians who serve in a medical and administrative capacity as head of an organized medical staff ...

Physician Impairment - The physician's inability to practice medicine with reasonable skill and safety to the patient due t...

Physician Incentive Plans - Compensatory plans designed to motivate physicians in relation to patient referral, physician recrui...

Physician Payment Review Commission - A commission created by the Consolidated Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1985, enacted in 1986, and gi...

Physician Self-Referral - Referral by physicians to testing or treatment facilities in which they have financial interest. The...

Physician-Nurse Relations - The reciprocal interaction of physicians and nurses....

Physician-Patient Relations - The interactions between physician and patient....

Physicians - Individuals licensed to practice medicine....

Physicians' Offices - The room or rooms in which the physician and staff provide patient care. The offices include all roo...

Physician's Practice Patterns - Patterns of practice related to diagnosis and treatment as especially influenced by cost of the serv...

Physician's Role - The expected function of a member of the medical profession....

Physicians, Family - Those physicians who have completed the education requirements specified by the American Academy of ...

Physicians, Women - Women licensed to practice medicine....

Physicochemical Phenomena - The physical phenomena describing the structure and properties of atoms and molecules, and their rea...

Physicochemical Processes - Physical reactions involved in the formation of or changes in the structure of atoms and molecules a...

Physics - The study of those aspects of energy and matter in terms of elementary principles and laws. (From M...

Physiological Effects of Drugs - Activities which affect organs and systemic functions without regard to a particular disease....

Physiological Phenomena - The functions and properties of living organisms, including both the physical and chemical factors a...

Physiological Processes - The functions and activities of living organisms that support life in single- or multi-cellular orga...

Physiology - The biological science concerned with the life-supporting properties, functions, and processes of li...

Physiology, Comparative - The biological science concerned with similarities or differences in the life-supporting functions a...

Physostigma - A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is a source of PHYSOSTIGMINE....

Physostigmine - A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically t...

Phytanic Acid - A 20-carbon branched chain fatty acid. In phytanic acid storage disease (REFSUM DISEASE) this lipid ...

Phytic Acid - Complexing agent for removal of traces of heavy metal ions. It acts also as a hypocalcemic agent....

Phytochelatins - Poly-glutathione peptides composed of (Glu-Cys)n-Gly where n is two to seven. They are biosynthesize...

Phytochrome - A blue-green biliprotein widely distributed in the plant kingdom....

Phytochrome A - The primary plant photoreceptor responsible for perceiving and mediating responses to far-red light....

Phytochrome B - A plant photo regulatory protein that exists in two forms that are reversibly interconvertible by LI...

Phytoestrogens - PLANT EXTRACTS and compounds, primarily ISOFLAVONES, that mimic or modulate endogenous estrogens, us...

Phytohemagglutinins - Mucoproteins isolated from the kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris); some of them are mitogenic to lymph...

Phytolacca - A plant genus of the family PHYTOLACCACEAE, order Caryophyllales....

Phytolacca americana - A plant species of the family PHYTOLACCACEAE. The root has been used in traditional medicine and con...

Phytolacca dodecandra - A plant species of the family PHYTOLACCACEAE. The root has been used in traditional medicine and con...

Phytolaccaceae - The pokeweed plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida....

Phytophthora - A genus of destructive parasitic algae in the family Peronosporaceae, order Peronosporales, affectin...

Phytophthora infestans - A species of parasitic algae in the family Peronosporaceae that is the causative agent of late bligh...

Phytoplankton - Free-floating minute organisms that are photosynthetic. The term is non-taxonomic and refers to a li...

Phytoplasma - A genus of minute bacteria in the family ACHOLEPLASMATACEAE that inhabit phloem sieve elements of in...

Phytotherapy - Use of plants or herbs to treat diseases or to alleviate pain....

Pia Mater - The innermost layer of the three meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. It is the fine vascula...

Pica - The persistent eating of nonnutritive substances for a period of at least one month. (DSM-IV)...

Picea - A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. They ...

Pichia - Yeast-like ascomycetous fungi of the family Saccharomycetaceae, order SACCHAROMYCETALES isolated fro...

Pichinde virus - A species of ARENAVIRUS, one of the New World Arenaviruses (ARENAVIRUSES, NEW WORLD), causing a fata...

Picibanil - A lyophilized preparation of a low-virulence strain (SU) of Streptococcus pyogenes (S. hemolyticus),...

Pick Disease of the Brain - A rare form of DEMENTIA that is sometimes familial. Clinical features include APHASIA; APRAXIA; CONF...

Picloram - A picolinic acid derivative that is used as a herbicide....

Picobirnavirus - Unclassified, bisegmented, double-stranded RNA virus isolated from the feces of humans and other ani...

Picolines - A group of compounds that are monomethyl derivatives of pyridines. (From Dorland, 28th ed)...

Picornaviridae - A family of small RNA viruses comprising some important pathogens of humans and animals. Transmissio...

Picornaviridae Infections - Virus diseases caused by the PICORNAVIRIDAE....

Picrasma - A plant genus of the family SIMAROUBACEAE. Members contain javanicins, picrasinoside and other quass...

Picrorhiza - A plant genus of the family SCROPHULARIACEAE. Members contain scrosides (CINNAMATES) and phenylethan...

Picrotoxin - A noncompetitive antagonist at GABA-A receptors and thus a convulsant. Picrotoxin blocks the GAMMA-A...

Picryl Chloride - A hapten that generates suppressor cells capable of down-regulating the efferent phase of trinitroph...

Pictorial Works - Works consisting exclusively or mainly of pictures but not technical drawings....

Piebaldism - Autosomal dominant, congenital disorder characterized by localized hypomelanosis of the skin and hai...

Piedra - Either of two diseases resulting from fungal infection of the hair shafts. Black piedra occurs mainl...

Pierre Robin Syndrome - An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by brachygnathia and cleft palate, often associated wi...

Pigment Epithelium of Eye - The layer of pigment-containing epithelial cells in the RETINA; the CILIARY BODY; and the IRIS in th...

Pigmentation - Coloration or discoloration of a part by a pigment....

Pigments, Biological - Any normal or abnormal coloring matter in PLANTS; ANIMALS or micro-organisms....

PII Nitrogen Regulatory Proteins - A family of signal transducing adaptor proteins that control the METABOLISM of NITROGEN. They are pr...

Pili, Sex - Filamentous or elongated proteinaceous structures which extend from the cell surface in gram-negativ...

Pilocarpine - A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic an...

Pilocarpus - A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE that is the natural source of PILOCARPINE....

Piloerection - Involuntary erection or bristling of hairs....

Pilomatrixoma - A tumor composed of cells resembling those of the hair matrix, which undergo 'mummification' and may...

Pilonidal Sinus - A hair-containing cyst or sinus, occurring chiefly in the coccygeal region....

Pilot Projects - Small-scale tests of methods and procedures to be used on a larger scale if the pilot study demonstr...

Pimelic Acids - A group of compounds that are derivatives of heptanedioic acid with the general formula R-C7H11O4....

Pimenta - A plant genus in the family MYRTACEAE, order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae. It is best known for allsp...

Pimozide - A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOP...

Pimpinella - A plant genus in the family APIACEAE (Umbelliferae) that is used in SPICES and is a source of anetho...

Pinaceae - A plant family of the order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta, known for the various ...

Pinacidil - A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOL...

Pinch Strength - Force exerted when using the index finger and the thumb. It is a test for determining maximum volunt...

Pinctada - A genus of pearl oysters in the family Pteriidae, class BIVALVIA. Both cultured and natural pearls a...

Pindolol - A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and ha...

Pineal Gland - A light-sensitive neuroendocrine organ attached to the roof of the THIRD VENTRICLE of the brain. The...

Pinealoma - Neoplasms which originate from pineal parenchymal cells that tend to enlarge the gland and be locall...

Pinellia - A plant genus of the family ARACEAE that contains pinellian (an acidic polysaccharide). The plant i...

Pinnipedia - The suborder of aquatic CARNIVORA comprising the WALRUSES; FUR SEALS; SEA LIONS; and EARLESS SEALS. ...

Pinocytosis - The engulfing of liquids by cells by a process of invagination and closure of the cell membrane to f...

Pinta - An infectious disease of the skin caused by Treponema carateum that occurs only in the western hemis...

Pinus - A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. They ...

Pinus ponderosa - A plant species of the genus PINUS that contains isocupressic acid....

Pinus sylvestris - A plant species of the genus PINUS which is the source of pinosylvin. It is sometimes called Scotch ...

Pinus taeda - A plant species of the genus PINUS which is the subject of genetic study....

Pipecuronium - A piperazinyl androstane derivative which is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent (NEUROM...

Pipemidic Acid - Antimicrobial against Gram negative and some Gram positive bacteria. It is protein bound and concent...

Piper - A plant genus of the family PIPERACEAE that includes species used for spicy and stimulating qualitie...

Piper betle - A plant genus of the family PIPERACEAE that is indigenous in the Indian Malay region and cultivated ...

Piper nigrum - A plant species in the PIPERACEAE plant family. It is a common spice on foods and is used medicinal...

Piperaceae - A family of flowering plants in the order Piperales best known for the black pepper widely used in S...

Piperacillin - Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMON...

Piperidines - A family of hexahydropyridines....

Piperonyl Butoxide - An insecticide synergist, especially for pyrethroids and ROTENONE....

Piperoxan - A benzodioxane alpha-adrenergic blocking agent with considerable stimulatory action. It has been use...

Pipidae - A family of the order Anura, distinguished by the lack of a tongue. It includes four living genera o...

Pipobroman - An antineoplastic agent that acts by alkylation....

Piracetam - A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent....

Pirenzepine - An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect g...

Piribedil - A dopamine D2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviatio...

Piriformis Muscle Syndrome - A chronic PELVIC PAIN characterized by pain deep in the buttock that may radiate to posterior aspect...

Pirinitramide - A diphenylpropylamine with intense narcotic analgesic activity of long duration. It is a derivative ...

Piromidic Acid - Antibacterial against mainly gram negative organisms. It is used for urinary tract and intestinal in...

Piromyces - A genus of fungi in the family Neocallimasticaceae, order NEOCALLIMASTICALES, containing uniflagella...

Piroplasmia - A subclass of heteroxenous parasitic protozoa usually transmitted by ticks. Its organisms are rod-sh...

Piroplasmida - An order of protozoa comprising heteroxenous tick-borne blood parasites. Representative genera inclu...

Piroxicam - A cyclooxygenase inhibiting, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that is well established ...

Piscirickettsia - A genus of bacteria in the family PISCIRICKETTSIACEAE that is an intracellular rickettsial-like path...

Piscirickettsiaceae - A family of gram-negative bacteria, in the order Thiotrichales....

Piscirickettsiaceae Infections - Infections with bacteria of the family PISCIRICKETTSIACEAE, causing septicemic disease of salmonid f...

Pisiform Bone - A pea-shaped carpal bone that actually sits in the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle....

Pistacia - A plant genus in the ANACARDIACEAE family known for the Pistachio nuts and for gum Mastic....

Pit and Fissure Sealants - Agents used to occlude dental enamel pits and fissures in the prevention of dental caries....

Pitcairn Island - An island in Polynesia, in the south Pacific Ocean. It was discovered in 1767 by Philip Carteret, un...

Pitch Discrimination - The ability to differentiate tones....

Pitch Perception - A dimension of auditory sensation varying with cycles per second of the sound stimulus....

Pitheciidae - A family of New World monkeys in the infraorder PLATYRRHINI consisting of two subfamilies: Callicebi...

Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion - A disease of the PITUITARY GLAND characterized by the excess amount of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE s...

Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide - A multi-function neuropeptide that acts throughout the body by elevating intracellular cyclic AMP le...

Pituitary Apoplexy - The sudden loss of blood supply to the PITUITARY GLAND, leading to tissue NECROSIS and loss of funct...

Pituitary Diseases - Disorders involving either the ADENOHYPOPHYSIS or the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS. These diseases usually manife...

Pituitary Gland - A small, unpaired gland situated in the SELLA TURCICA. It is connected to the HYPOTHALAMUS by a shor...

Pituitary Gland, Anterior - The anterior glandular lobe of the pituitary gland, also known as the adenohypophysis. It secretes t...

Pituitary Gland, Intermediate - The intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. It shows considerable size variation among the species...

Pituitary Gland, Posterior - Neural tissue of the pituitary gland, also known as the neurohypophysis. It consists of the distal A...

Pituitary Hormone Release Inhibiting Hormones - Polypeptide hormones produced in the hypothalamus which inhibit the release of pituitary hormones. U...

Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones - Peptides, natural or synthetic, that stimulate the release of PITUITARY HORMONES. They were first is...

Pituitary Hormones - Hormones secreted by the PITUITARY GLAND including those from the anterior lobe (adenohypophysis), t...

Pituitary Hormones, Anterior - Hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Structurally, they include pol...

Pituitary Hormones, Posterior - Hormones released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). They include a number of pe...

Pituitary Neoplasms - Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasm...

Pituitary-Adrenal System - The interactions between the anterior pituitary and adrenal glands, in which corticotropin (ACTH) st...

Pityriasis - A name originally applied to a group of skin diseases characterized by the formation of fine, branny...

Pityriasis Lichenoides - A subgroup of PARAPSORIASIS itself divided into acute and chronic forms. The acute form is character...

Pityriasis Rosea - A mild exanthematous inflammation of unknown etiology. It is characterized by the presence of salmon...

Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris - A chronic skin disease characterized by small follicular papules, disseminated reddish-brown scaly p...

Pivampicillin - Pivalate ester analog of AMPICILLIN....

Pizotyline - Serotonin antagonist used against MIGRAINE DISORDERS and vascular headaches....

Placebo Effect - An effect usually, but not necessarily, beneficial that is attributable to an expectation that the r...

Placebos - Any dummy medication or treatment. Although placebos originally were medicinal preparations having n...

Placenta - A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrient...

Placenta Accreta - Abnormal placentation in which all or parts of the PLACENTA are attached directly to the MYOMETRIUM ...

Placenta Diseases - Pathological processes or abnormal functions of the PLACENTA....

Placenta Previa - Abnormal placentation in which the PLACENTA implants in the lower segment of the UTERUS (the zone of...

Placenta, Retained - A placenta that fails to be expelled after BIRTH of the FETUS. A PLACENTA is retained when the UTERU...

Placental Circulation - The circulation of BLOOD, of both the mother and the FETUS, through the PLACENTA....

Placental Extracts - Extracts prepared from placental tissue; they may contain specific but uncharacterized factors or pr...

Placental Function Tests - Methods used for the assessment of placental function....

Placental Hormones - Hormones produced by the placenta include CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN, and PLACENTAL LACTOGEN as well as ...

Placental Insufficiency - Failure of the PLACENTA to deliver an adequate supply of nutrients and OXYGEN to the FETUS....

Placental Lactogen - A polypeptide hormone of approximately 25 kDa that is produced by the SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLASTS of the PL...

Placentation - The development of the PLACENTA, a highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site...

Placozoa - A phylum of primitive invertebrate animals that exemplify a simple body organization. Trichoplax adh...

Plagiarism - Passing off as one's own the work of another without credit....

Plagiocephaly, Nonsynostotic - A deformity of the SKULL that is not due to bone fusion (SYNOSTOSIS), such as CRANIOSYNOSTOSES, and ...

Plague - An acute infectious disease caused by YERSINIA PESTIS that affects humans, wild rodents, and their e...

Plague Vaccine - A suspension of killed Yersinia pestis used for immunizing people in enzootic plague areas....

Plakins - A family of related proteins that associate with cytoskeletal elements and junctional complexes at I...

Plakophilins - Members of the armadillo family of proteins that are found in DESMOSOMES and interact with various p...

Plakortis - A genus of SPONGES in the family Plakinidae, with the skeleton formed by small diactine (and some tr...

Planarians - Nonparasitic free-living flatworms of the class Turbellaria. The most common genera are Dugesia, for...

Planets - Heavenly bodies with their own motion among the stars, revolving, in the case of the solar system, a...

Plankton - Community of tiny aquatic organisms, both PLANTS and ANIMALS, that are either free-floating or suspe...

Planning Techniques - Procedures, strategies, and theories of planning....

Plant Bark - The outer layer of the woody parts of plants....

Plant Components, Aerial - The above-ground plant without the roots....

Plant Diseases - Diseases of plants....

Plant Epidermis - A thin layer of cells forming the outer integument of seed plants and ferns. (Random House Unabridge...

Plant Extracts - Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a ...

Plant Exudates - Substances released by PLANTS such as PLANT GUMS and PLANT RESINS....

Plant Families and Groups - Groupings that include specific plants within larger families or divisions....

Plant Growth Regulators - Any of the hormones produced naturally in plants and active in controlling growth and other function...

Plant Gums - Polysaccharide gums from PLANTS....

Plant Infertility - The failure of PLANTS to complete fertilization and obtain seed (SEEDS) as a result of defective POL...

Plant Leaves - Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike...

Plant Lectins - Protein or glycoprotein substances of plant origin that bind to sugar moieties in cell walls or memb...

Plant Oils - Oils derived from plants or plant products....

Plant Physiological Phenomena - The physiological processes, properties, and states characteristic of plants....

Plant Physiological Processes - Physiological functions characteristic of plants....

Plant Poisoning - Poisoning by the ingestion of plants or its leaves, berries, roots or stalks. The manifestations in ...

Plant Preparations - Material prepared from plants....

Plant Proteins - Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include protein...

Plant Root Cap - A cone-shaped structure in plants made up of a mass of meristematic cells that covers and protects t...

Plant Root Nodulation - The formation of a nitrogen-fixing cell mass on PLANT ROOTS following symbiotic infection by nitroge...

Plant Roots - The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which wat...

Plant Shoots - New immature growth of a plant including stem, leaves, tips of branches, and SEEDLINGS....

Plant Stems - Parts of plants that usually grow vertically upwards towards the light and support the leaves, buds,...

Plant Stomata - Closable openings in the epidermis of plants on the underside of leaves. They allow the exchange of ...

Plant Structures - The parts of plants, including SEEDS....

Plant Transpiration - The loss of water vapor by plants to the atmosphere. It occurs mainly from the leaves through pores ...

Plant Tubers - An enlarged underground root or stem of some plants. It is usually rich in carbohydrates. Some, suc...

Plant Tumor-Inducing Plasmids - Plasmids coding for proteins which induce PLANT TUMORS. The most notable example of a plant tumor in...

Plant Tumors - A localized proliferation of plant tissue forming a swelling or outgrowth, commonly with a character...

Plant Viral Movement Proteins - Viral proteins that facilitate the movement of viruses between plant cells by means of PLASMODESMATA...

Plant Viruses - Viruses parasitic on plants higher than bacteria....

Plantago - A plant genus of the family Plantaginaceae, order Plantaginales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliop...

Plantibodies - Recombinant antibodies produced in TRANSGENIC PLANTS. The plants serve as BIOREACTORS to produce the...

Plants - Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of the kingdom Plantae. They are characterized by a mainly phot...

Plants, Edible - An organism of the vegetable kingdom suitable by nature for use as a food, especially by human being...

Plants, Genetically Modified - PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING....

Plants, Medicinal - Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative,...

Plants, Toxic - Plants or plant parts which are harmful to man or other animals....

Plaque Assay - Method for measuring viral infectivity and multiplication in cultured cells. Clear lysed areas or pl...

Plasma - The residual portion of BLOOD that is left after removal of BLOOD CELLS by CENTRIFUGATION without pr...

Plasma Cell Granuloma, Pulmonary - A tumor-like inflammatory lesion of the lung that is composed of PLASMA CELLS and fibrous tissue. It...

Plasma Cells - Specialized forms of antibody-producing B-LYMPHOCYTES. They synthesize and secrete immunoglobulin. T...

Plasma Exchange - Removal of plasma and replacement with various fluids, e.g., fresh frozen plasma, plasma protein fra...

Plasma Kallikrein - A peptidohydrolytic enzyme that is formed from PREKALLIKREIN by FACTOR XIIA. It activates FACTOR XII...

Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases - Calcium-transporting ATPases found on the PLASMA MEMBRANE that catalyze the active transport of CALC...

Plasma Membrane Neurotransmitter Transport Proteins - A family of neurotransmitter transporter proteins that facilitate NEUROTRANSMITTER reuptake into PRE...

Plasma Substitutes - Any liquid used to replace blood plasma, usually a saline solution, often with serum albumins, dextr...

Plasma Volume - Volume of PLASMA in the circulation. It is usually measured by INDICATOR DILUTION TECHNIQUES....

Plasmacytoma - Any discrete, presumably solitary, mass of neoplastic PLASMA CELLS either in BONE MARROW or various ...

Plasmalogens - GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS in which one of the two acyl chains is attached to glycerol with an ether alken...

Plasmapheresis - Procedure whereby plasma is separated and extracted from anticoagulated whole blood and the red cell...

Plasmids - Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one...

Plasminogen - Precursor of plasmin (FIBRINOLYSIN). It is a single-chain beta-globulin of molecular weight 80-90,00...

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 - A member of the serpin family of proteins. It inhibits both the tissue-type and urokinase-type plasm...

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 2 - Member of the serpin family of proteins. It inhibits both the tissue-type and urokinase-type plasmin...

Plasminogen Activators - A heterogeneous group of proteolytic enzymes that convert PLASMINOGEN to FIBRINOLYSIN. They are conc...

Plasminogen Inactivators - Important modulators of the activity of plasminogen activators. Four inhibitors, all belonging to th...

Plasmodesmata - Membrane-like channels of cytoplasm connecting adjacent plant cells. Plasmodesmata connect through p...

Plasmodiophorida - A group of EUKARYOTES that are parasites of plants. Life cycle stages include zoospores and plasmodi...

Plasmodium - A genus of protozoa that comprise the malaria parasites of mammals. Four species infect humans (alth...

Plasmodium berghei - A protozoan parasite of rodents transmitted by the mosquito Anopheles dureni....

Plasmodium chabaudi - A protozoan parasite of rodents transmitted by the mosquito Anopheles stephensi....

Plasmodium cynomolgi - A protozoan parasite that occurs naturally in the macaque. It is similar to PLASMODIUM VIVAX and pro...

Plasmodium falciparum - A species of protozoa that is the causal agent of falciparum malaria (MALARIA, FALCIPARUM). It is mo...

Plasmodium gallinaceum - A protozoan parasite that causes avian malaria (MALARIA, AVIAN), primarily in chickens, and is trans...

Plasmodium knowlesi - A protozoan parasite from Southeast Asia that causes monkey malaria. It is naturally acquired by man...

Plasmodium malariae - A protozoan parasite that occurs primarily in subtropical and temperate areas. It is the causal agen...

Plasmodium ovale - A species of protozoan parasite causing MALARIA. It is the rarest of the four species of PLASMODIUM ...

Plasmodium vivax - A protozoan parasite that causes vivax malaria (MALARIA, VIVAX). This species is found almost everyw...

Plasmodium yoelii - A species of PLASMODIUM causing malaria in rodents....

Plastic Embedding - The infiltrating of histological specimens with plastics, including acrylic resins, epoxy resins and...

Plasticizers - Materials incorporated mechanically in plastics (usually PVC) to increase flexibility, workability o...

Plastics - Polymeric materials (usually organic) of large molecular weight which can be shaped by flow. Plastic...

Plastids - Self-replicating cytoplasmic organelles of plant and algal cells that contain pigments and may synth...

Plastocyanin - A copper-containing plant protein that is a fundamental link in the electron transport chain of gree...

Plastoquinol-Plastocyanin Reductase - A component of the CYTOCHROME B6F COMPLEX, this enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of plastoquinol-1 to ...

Plastoquinone - Polyunsaturated side-chain quinone derivative which is an important link in the electron transport c...

Platelet Activating Factor - A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. I...

Platelet Activation - A series of progressive, overlapping events, triggered by exposure of the PLATELETS to subendothelia...

Platelet Adhesiveness - The process whereby PLATELETS adhere to something other than platelets, e.g., COLLAGEN; BASEMENT MEM...

Platelet Aggregation - The attachment of PLATELETS to one another. This clumping together can be induced by a number of age...

Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors - Drugs or agents which antagonize or impair any mechanism leading to blood platelet aggregation, whet...

Platelet Count - The number of PLATELETS per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD....

Platelet Factor 3 - A phospholipid from the platelet membrane that contributes to the blood clotting cascade by forming ...

Platelet Factor 4 - A CXC chemokine that is found in the alpha granules of PLATELETS. The protein has a molecular size o...

Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex - Platelet membrane glycoprotein complex essential for normal platelet adhesion and clot formation at ...

Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex - Platelet membrane glycoprotein complex important for platelet adhesion and aggregation. It is an int...

Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb - Platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb is an integrin alpha subunit that heterodimerizes with INTEGRIN B...

Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins - Surface glycoproteins on platelets which have a key role in hemostasis and thrombosis such as platel...

Platelet Storage Pool Deficiency - Disorder characterized by a decrease or lack of platelet dense bodies in which the releasable pool o...

Platelet Transfusion - The transfer of blood platelets from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor....

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor - Mitogenic peptide growth hormone carried in the alpha-granules of platelets. It is released when pla...

Plateletpheresis - The preparation of platelet concentrates with the return of red cells and platelet-poor plasma to th...

Platelet-Rich Plasma - A preparation consisting of PLATELETS concentrated in a limited volume of PLASMA. This is used in va...

Platinum - Platinum. A heavy, soft, whitish metal, resembling tin, atomic number 78, atomic weight 195.09, symb...

Platinum Compounds - Inorganic compounds which contain platinum as the central atom....

Platybasia - A developmental deformity of the occipital bone and upper end of the cervical spine, in which the la...

Platycodon - A plant genus of the family CAMPANULACEAE that contains platycodin and other triterpenoid SAPONINS. ...

Platyhelminths - A phylum of acoelomate, bilaterally symmetrical flatworms, without a definite anus. It includes thre...

Platypus - A small aquatic oviparous mammal of the order Monotremata found in Australia and Tasmania....

Platyrrhini - An infraorder of New World monkeys, comprised of the families AOTIDAE; ATELIDAE; CEBIDAE; and PITHEC...

Play and Playthings - Spontaneous or voluntary recreational activities pursued for enjoyment and accessories or equipment ...

Play Therapy - A treatment technique utilizing play as a medium for expression and communication between patient an...

Pleasure - Sensation of enjoyment or gratification....

Pleasure-Pain Principle - The psychoanalytic concept that man instinctively seeks to avoid pain and discomfort and strives for...

Plectin - A cytoskeletal linker protein with a molecular weight of greater than 500 kDa. It binds INTERMEDIATE...

Plectonema - A form-genus of CYANOBACTERIA in the order Oscillatoriales. They are non-heterocystous but may carry...

Plectranthus - A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE that contains eudesmane sesquiterpenes and antimicrobial abiet...

Plectrovirus - A genus of bacteriophages of the family INOVIRIDAE. Organisms of this genus infect Acholeplasma and ...

Pleistophora - A genus of parasitic FUNGI in the family Pleistophoridae that infects humans....

Plesiomonas - A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that occurs in fish and other...

Plethysmography - Recording of change in the size of a part as modified by the circulation in it....

Plethysmography, Impedance - Recording changes in electrical impedance between electrodes placed on opposite sides of a part of t...

Plethysmography, Whole Body - Measurement of the volume of gas in the lungs, including that which is trapped in poorly communicati...

Pleura - The thin serous membrane enveloping the lungs (LUNG) and lining the THORACIC CAVITY. Pleura consist ...

Pleural Cavity - Paired but separate cavity within the THORACIC CAVITY. It consists of the space between the parietal...

Pleural Effusion - Presence of fluid in the pleural cavity resulting from excessive transudation or exudation from the ...

Pleural Effusion, Malignant - Presence of fluid in the PLEURAL CAVITY as a complication of malignant disease. Malignant pleural ef...

Pleural Neoplasms - Neoplasms of the thin serous membrane that envelopes the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity. Pleura...

Pleurisy - INFLAMMATION of PLEURA, the lining of the LUNG. When PARIETAL PLEURA is involved, there is pleuritic...

Pleurobranchaea - A genus of side-gilled sea slugs in the family Pleurobranchidae, superorder GASTROPODA. They are opp...

Pleurodeles - A genus of aquatic newts belonging to the family Salamandridae and sometimes referred to as "spiny" ...

Pleurodesis - The production of adhesions between the parietal and visceral pleura. The procedure is used in the t...

Pleurodynia, Epidemic - An acute, febrile, infectious disease generally occurring in epidemics. It is usually caused by coxs...

Pleuropneumonia - Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is associated with PLEURISY, inflammation of the PLEURA....

Pleuropneumonia, Contagious - A pleuropneumonia of cattle and goats caused by species of MYCOPLASMA....

Pleurotus - A genus of basidiomycetous fungi, family POLYPORACEAE, order POLYPORALES, that grows on logs or tree...

Pliability - The quality or state of being able to be bent or creased repeatedly. (From Webster, 3d ed)...

Plicamycin - A tricyclic pentaglycosidic antibiotic from Streptomyces strains that inhibits RNA and protein synth...

Plocamium - A genus of RED ALGAE, in the family Plocamiaceae, found in temperate marine environments worldwide. ...

Ploidies - The degree of replication of the chromosome set in the karyotype....

Plum Pox Virus - A species of the genus POTYVIRUS that affects many species of Prunus. It is transmitted by aphids an...

Plumbaginaceae - A plant family of the order Plumbaginales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida of shrubs an...

Plummer-Vinson Syndrome - A syndrome of DYSPHAGIA with IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA that is due to congenital anomalies in the ESOPH...

Pluripotent Stem Cells - Cells that can give rise to cells of the three different GERM LAYERS....

Pluto - The ninth planet in order from the sun. It is one of the five outer planets of the solar system. Its...

Plutonium - Plutonium. A naturally radioactive element of the actinide metals series. It has the atomic symbol P...

p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine - A potent mast cell degranulator. It is involved in histamine release....

Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis - A condition characterized by the presence of multiple gas-filled cysts in the intestinal wall, the s...

Pneumocephalus - Presence of air or gas within the intracranial cavity (e.g., epidural space, subdural space, intrace...

Pneumococcal Infections - Infections with bacteria of the species STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE....

Pneumococcal Vaccines - Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent infections with STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE....

Pneumoconiosis - A diffuse parenchymal lung disease caused by inhalation of dust and by tissue reaction to their pres...

Pneumocystis - A genus of ascomycetous FUNGI, family Pneumocystidaceae, order Pneumocystidales. It includes various...

Pneumocystis carinii - The prototype species of PNEUMOCYSTIS infecting the laboratory rat, Rattus norvegicus (RATS). It was...

Pneumocystis Infections - Infections with species in the genus PNEUMOCYSTIS, a fungus causing interstitial plasma cell pneumon...

Pneumocystis jirovecii - A species of PNEUMOCYSTIS infecting humans and causing PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA. It also occasionally ...

Pneumocytes - Epithelial cells that line the PULMONARY ALVEOLI....

Pneumoencephalography - Radiographic visualization of the cerebral ventricles by injection of air or other gas....

Pneumomediastinum, Diagnostic - Deliberate introduction of air or gas into the mediastinum as an aid to examination and diagnosis....

Pneumonectomy - The excision of lung tissue including partial or total lung lobectomy....

Pneumonia - Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma....

Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic - Chronic endemic respiratory disease of dairy calves and an important component of bovine respiratory...

Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal - A chronic, clinically mild, infectious pneumonia of PIGS caused by MYCOPLASMA HYOPNEUMONIAE. Ninety ...

Pneumonia, Aspiration - A type of lung inflammation resulting from the aspiration of food, liquid, or gastric contents into ...

Pneumonia, Atypical Interstitial, of Cattle - A cattle disease of uncertain cause, probably an allergic reaction....

Pneumonia, Bacterial - Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by bacterial infections....

Pneumonia, Lipid - Pneumonia due to aspiration or inhalation of various oily or fatty substances....

Pneumonia, Mycoplasma - Interstitial pneumonia caused by extensive infection of the lungs (LUNG) and BRONCHI, particularly t...

Pneumonia, Pneumococcal - A febrile disease caused by STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE....

Pneumonia, Pneumocystis - A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants, char...

Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep - Chronic respiratory disease caused by the VISNA-MAEDI VIRUS. It was formerly believed to be identica...

Pneumonia, Rickettsial - Pneumonia caused by infection with bacteria of the family RICKETTSIACEAE....

Pneumonia, Staphylococcal - Pneumonia caused by infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS, usually with STAPHYLOCOCCU...

Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated - Serious INFLAMMATION of the LUNG in patients who required the use of PULMONARY VENTILATOR. It is usu...

Pneumonia, Viral - Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is caused by a viral infection....

Pneumonolysis - Division of the tissues attaching the lung to the wall of the chest cavity, to permit collapse of th...

Pneumopericardium - Presence of air or gas in the space between the heart and the PERICARDIUM. The degree of respiratory...

Pneumoperitoneum - A condition with trapped gas or air in the PERITONEAL CAVITY, usually secondary to perforation of th...

Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial - Deliberate introduction of air into the peritoneal cavity....

Pneumoradiography - Radiography using air, oxygen, or some other gas as a contrast medium....

Pneumothorax - An accumulation of air or gas in the pleural space, which may occur spontaneously or as a result of ...

Pneumothorax, Artificial - Injection of air or a more slowly absorbed gas such as nitrogen, into the pleural space to collapse ...

Pneumovirinae - A subfamily of PARAMYXOVIRIDAE containing two genera: PNEUMOVIRUS; and METAPNEUMOVIRUS....

Pneumovirus - A genus of the family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE (subfamily PNEUMOVIRINAE) where the human and bovine virions h...

Pneumovirus Infections - Infections with viruses of the genus PNEUMOVIRUS, family PARAMYXOVIRIDAE. This includes RESPIRATORY ...

Poa - A plant genus of the family POACEAE that contains the Poa p Ia allergen and allergen C KBGP....

Poaceae - A large family of narrow-leaved herbaceous grasses of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, cl...

Podiatry - A specialty concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of foot disorders and injuries and anatomic d...

Podocytes - Highly differentiated epithelial cells of the visceral layer of BOWMAN CAPSULE of the KIDNEY. They a...

Podophyllin - Caustic extract from the roots of Podophyllum peltatum and P. emodi. It contains PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and...

Podophyllotoxin - A lignan (LIGNANS) found in PODOPHYLLIN resin from the roots of PODOPHYLLUM plants. It is a potent s...

Podophyllum - A genus of poisonous American herbs, family BERBERIDACEAE. The roots yield PODOPHYLLOTOXIN and other...

Podophyllum peltatum - A plant of the genus PODOPHYLLUM, family BERBERIDACEAE (sometimes classified as Podophyllaceae) whic...

Podospora - A genus of ascomycete FUNGI in the order SORDARIALES, which is found on SOIL and herbivore dung (FEC...

Podoviridae - A family of bacteriophages which are characterized by short, non-contractile tails....

Poecilia - A genus of livebearing cyprinodont fish comprising the guppy and molly. Some species are virtually a...

POEMS Syndrome - A multisystemic disorder characterized by a sensorimotor polyneuropathy (POLYNEUROPATHIES), organome...

Poetry - Works that consist of literary and oral genre expressing meaning via symbolism and following formal ...

Poetry as Topic - Literary and oral genre expressing meaning via symbolism and following formal or informal patterns....

Point Mutation - A mutation caused by the substitution of one nucleotide for another. This results in the DNA molecul...

Point-of-Care Systems - Laboratory and other services provided to patients at the bedside. These include diagnostic and labo...

Poison Control Centers - Facilities which provide information concerning poisons and treatment of poisoning in emergencies....

Poisoning - A condition or physical state produced by the ingestion, injection or inhalation of, or exposure to ...

Poisons - Substances which, when ingested, inhaled, or absorbed, or when applied to, injected into, or develop...

Poisson Distribution - A distribution function used to describe the occurrence of rare events or to describe the sampling d...

Pokeweed Mitogens - Proteins isolated from the roots of the pokeweed, Phytolacca americana, that agglutinate some erythr...

pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Proteins encoded by the POL GENE of the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS....

Pol1 Transcription Initiation Complex Proteins - Factors that form a preinitiation complex at promoters that are specifically transcribed by RNA POLY...

Poland Syndrome - A syndrome which is characterized by symbrachydactyly and aplasia of the sternal head of pectoralis ...

Polarography - An electrochemical technique for measuring the current that flows in solution as a function of an ap...

Police - Agents of the law charged with the responsibility of maintaining law and order among the citizenry....

Policy Making - The decision process by which individuals, groups or institutions establish policies pertaining to p...

Poliomyelitis - An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of hu...

Poliomyelitis, Bulbar - A form of paralytic poliomyelitis affecting neurons of the MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the brain stem. Clin...

Poliovirus - A species of ENTEROVIRUS which is the causal agent of POLIOMYELITIS in humans. Three serotypes (stra...

Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - A suspension of formalin-inactivated poliovirus grown in monkey kidney cell tissue culture and used ...

Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral - A live vaccine containing attenuated poliovirus, types I, II, and III, grown in monkey kidney cell t...

Poliovirus Vaccines - Vaccines used to prevent POLIOMYELITIS. They include inactivated (POLIOVIRUS VACCINE, INACTIVATED) ...

Political Systems - The units based on political theory and chosen by countries under which their governmental power is ...

Politics - Activities concerned with governmental policies, functions, etc....

Pollen - The fertilizing element of plants that contains the male GAMETOPHYTES....

Pollen Tube - A growth from a pollen grain down into the flower style which allows two sperm to pass, one to the o...

Pollination - The transfer of POLLEN grains (male gametes) to the plant ovule (female gamete)....

Polonium - Polonium. A radioactive element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has the atomic symbol P...

Poloxalene - A copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene ether glycol. It is a non-ionic polyol surface-active ...

Poloxamer - A nonionic polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block co-polymer with the general formula HO(C2H4O)a(-C3...

Poly A - A group of adenine ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each adenine ribonucleotide ac...

Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose - A polynucleotide formed from the ADP-RIBOSE moiety of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) by POL...

Poly A-U - A double-stranded polyribonucleotide comprising polyadenylic and polyuridylic acids....

Poly C - A group of cytosine ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each cytosine ribonucleotide ...

Poly dA-dT - Polydeoxyribonucleotides made up of deoxyadenine nucleotides and thymine nucleotides. Present in DNA...

Poly G - A group of guanine ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each guanine ribonucleotide ac...

Poly I - A group of inosine ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each inosine ribonucleotide ac...

Poly I-C - Interferon inducer consisting of a synthetic, mismatched double-stranded RNA. The polymer is made of...

Poly T - A group of thymine nucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each thymine nucleotide act as bri...

Poly U - A group of uridine ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each uridine ribonucleotide ac...

Poly(A)-Binding Protein I - A poly(A) binding protein that has a variety of functions such as mRNA stabilization and protection ...

Poly(A)-Binding Protein II - A poly(A) binding protein that is involved in promoting the extension of the poly A tails of MRNA. T...

Poly(A)-Binding Proteins - Proteins that bind to the 3' polyadenylated region of MRNA. When complexed with RNA the proteins ser...

Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases - Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of multiple ADP-RIBOSE groups from nicotinamide-adenine dinucleot...

Polyacetylenes - Hydrocarbons with more than one triple bond; or an oxidized form of POLYENES. They can react with SU...

Polyadenylation - The addition of a tail of polyadenylic acid (POLY A) to the 3' end of mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). Polyade...

Polyalthia - A plant genus of the family ANNONACEAE. Members contain 8-oxopolyalthiaine....

Polyanetholesulfonate - A compound originally developed as an anticoagulant, but possessing anticomplement action and loweri...

Polyanhydrides - Anhydride polymers with a repeating structure of RC(=O)OC(=O)R. They readily hydrolyze in water maki...

Polyarteritis Nodosa - A form of necrotizing non-granulomatous inflammation occurring primarily in medium-sized ARTERIES, o...

Polybrominated Biphenyls - Biphenyl compounds which are extensively brominated. Many of these compounds are toxic environmental...

Polycarboxylate Cement - Water-soluble low-molecular-weight polymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid that form solid, insolubl...

Polychaeta - A class of marine annelids including sandworms, tube worms, clamworms, and fire worms. It includes a...

Polychlorinated Biphenyls - Industrial products consisting of a mixture of chlorinated biphenyl congeners and isomers. These com...

Polychloroterphenyl Compounds - Compounds consisting of three benzene rings linked to each other in either ortho, meta or para posit...

Polychondritis, Relapsing - An acquired disease of unknown etiology, chronic course, and tendency to recur. It is characterized ...

Polycyclic Compounds - Compounds consisting of two or more fused ring structures....

Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic - A major group of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons containing two or more rings. The vast number of co...

Polycystic Kidney Diseases - Hereditary diseases that are characterized by the progressive expansion of a large number of tightly...

Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant - Kidney disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance and characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KID...

Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive - A genetic disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance, characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KID...

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - A complex disorder characterized by infertility, HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturban...

Polycythemia - An increase in the total red cell mass of the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)...

Polycythemia Vera - A myeloproliferative disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by abnormal proliferation of all he...

Polydactyly - A congenital anomaly of the hand or foot, marked by the presence of supernumerary digits....

Polydeoxyribonucleotides - A group of 13 or more deoxyribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each deoxyribonucleoti...

Polydioxanone - An absorbable suture material used also as ligating clips, as pins for internal fixation of broken b...

Polydnaviridae - A family of insect viruses isolated from endoparasitic hymenopteran insects belonging to the familie...

Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune - Autoimmune diseases affecting multiple endocrine organs. Type I is characterized by childhood onset ...

Polyenes - Hydrocarbons with more than one double bond. They are a reduced form of POLYYNES....

Polyesters - Polymers of organic acids and alcohols, with ester linkages--usually polyethylene terephthalate; can...

Polyethylene - A vinyl polymer made from ethylene. It can be branched or linear. Branched or low-density polyethyle...

Polyethylene Glycols - Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid...

Polyethylene Terephthalates - Polyester polymers formed from terephthalic acid or its esters and ethylene glycol. They can be form...

Polyethyleneimine - Strongly cationic polymer that binds to certain proteins; used as a marker in immunology, to precipi...

Polyethylenes - Synthetic thermoplastics that are tough, flexible, inert, and resistant to chemicals and electrical ...

Polygala - A plant genus of the family POLYGALACEAE that contains onjisaponins, xanthones, pyrones, and benzoph...

Polygalaceae - A plant family of the order Polygalales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida....

Polygalacturonase - A cell wall-degrading enzyme found in microorganisms and higher plants. It catalyzes the random hydr...

Polygeline - A 3.5 per cent colloidal solution containing urea-cross-linked polymerized peptides. It has a molecu...

Polyglactin 910 - A polyester used for absorbable sutures & surgical mesh, especially in ophthalmic surgery. 2-Hydrox...

Polyglutamic Acid - A peptide that is a homopolymer of glutamic acid....

Polyglycolic Acid - A biocompatible polymer used as a surgical suture material....

Polygonaceae - The only family of the buckwheat order (Polygonales) of dicotyledonous flowering plants. It has 40 g...

Polygonatum - A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain benzoquinones, steroidal saponin, and ribosom...

Polygonum - A plant genus of the family POLYGONACEAE that is an ingredient of Shou-Wu-Pian, a Chinese herbal pre...

Polygonum cuspidatum - A plant species of the family POLYGONACEAE. Itadori tea is prepared from the root of this genus....

Polyhydramnios - A condition of abnormally high AMNIOTIC FLUID volume, such as greater than 2,000 ml in the LAST TRIM...

Polyhydroxyalkanoates - Fatty acid biopolymers that are biosynthesized by microbial polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase enzymes. T...

Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate - A biocompatible, hydrophilic, inert gel that is permeable to tissue fluids. It is used as an embeddi...

Polyisoprenyl Phosphate Monosaccharides - These compounds function as activated monosaccharide carriers in the biosynthesis of glycoproteins a...

Polyisoprenyl Phosphate Oligosaccharides - These compounds function as activated glycosyl carriers in the biosynthesis of glycoproteins and gly...

Polyisoprenyl Phosphate Sugars - Compounds functioning as activated glycosyl carriers in the biosynthesis of glycoproteins and glycop...

Polyisoprenyl Phosphates - Phosphoric or pyrophosphoric acid esters of polyisoprenoids....

Polyketide Synthases - Large enzyme complexes composed of a number of component enzymes that are found in STREPTOMYCES whic...

Polylysine - A peptide which is a homopolymer of lysine....

Polymenophorea - A class of ciliate protozoa characterized by a well-developed, conspicuous adoral zone of numerous b...

Polymerase Chain Reaction - In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and s...

Polymers - Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These...

Polymethacrylic Acids - Poly-2-methylpropenoic acids. Used in the manufacture of methacrylate resins and plastics in the for...

Polymethyl Methacrylate - Polymerized methyl methacrylate monomers which are used as sheets, moulding, extrusion powders, surf...

Polymorphism, Genetic - The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more disconti...

Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length - Variation occurring within a species in the presence or length of DNA fragment generated by a specif...

Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - A single nucleotide variation in a genetic sequence that occurs at appreciable frequency in the popu...

Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational - Variation in a population's DNA sequence that is detected by determining alterations in the conforma...

Polymyalgia Rheumatica - A syndrome in the elderly characterized by proximal joint and muscle pain, high erythrocyte sediment...

Polymyositis - Diseases characterized by inflammation involving multiple muscles. This may occur as an acute or chr...

Polymyxin B - A mixture of polymyxins B1 and B2, obtained from Bacillus polymyxa strains. They are basic polypepti...

Polymyxins - Basic lipopeptide antibiotic group obtained from Bacillus polymyxa. They affect the cell membrane by...

Polynesia - The collective name for the islands of the central Pacific Ocean, including the Austral Islands, Coo...

Polyneuropathies - Diseases of multiple peripheral nerves simultaneously. Polyneuropathies usually are characterized b...

Polynucleotide 5'-Hydroxyl-Kinase - An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group to the 5'-terminal hydroxyl groups of DNA...

Polynucleotide Adenylyltransferase - An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of polyadenylic acid from ATP. May be due to the action of RN...

Polynucleotide Ligases - Catalyze the joining of preformed ribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleotides in phosphodiester linkage ...

Polyomaviridae - A family of small, non-enveloped DNA viruses, infecting mainly MAMMALS, and containing a single genu...

Polyomavirus - A genus of potentially oncogenic viruses of the family POLYOMAVIRIDAE. These viruses are normally pr...

Polyomavirus Infections - Infections with POLYOMAVIRUS, which are often cultured from the urine of kidney transplant patients....

Polypharmacy - The use of multiple drugs administered to the same patient, most commonly seen in elderly patients. ...

Polyphloretin Phosphate - A polymeric mixture of polyesters of phosphoric acid and phloretin. It blocks some cellular response...

Polyphosphates - Linear polymers in which orthophosphate residues are linked with energy-rich phosphoanhydride bonds....

Polyplacophora - A class in the phylum MOLLUSCA comprised of flattened, elongated marine mollusks, commonly called ch...

Polyploidy - The chromosomal constitution of a cell containing multiples of the normal number of CHROMOSOMES; inc...

Polypodiaceae - The fern plant family of the order Polypodiales, class Filicopsida, division Pteridophyta, subkingdo...

Polypodium - A plant genus of the family POLYPODIACEAE. Members contain polypodoside....

Polyporaceae - A family of bracket fungi, order POLYPORALES, living in decaying plant matter and timber....

Polyporales - An order of fungi in the phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA having macroscopic basidiocarps. The members are chara...

Polyporus - A genus of basidiomyceteous fungi in the family POLYPORACEAE found mostly on living trees or dead wo...

Polypropylenes - Propylene or propene polymers. Thermoplastics that can be extruded into fibers, films or solid forms...

Polyproteins - Proteins which are synthesized as a single polymer and then cleaved into several distinct proteins....

Polyps - Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the DIGESTIVE TRACT or the RESPIRATO...

Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein - A RNA-binding protein that binds to polypyriminidine rich regions in the INTRONS of messenger RNAs. ...

Polyradiculoneuropathy - Diseases characterized by injury or dysfunction involving multiple peripheral nerves and nerve roots...

Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating - A slowly progressive autoimmune demyelinating disease of peripheral nerves and nerve roots. Clinical...

Polyradiculopathy - Disease or injury involving multiple SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Polyradiculitis refers to inflammation of m...

Polyribonucleotide Nucleotidyltransferase - An enzyme of the transferase class that catalyzes the reaction RNA(n+1) and orthophosphate to yield ...

Polyribonucleotides - A group of 13 or more ribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each ribonucleotide act as ...

Polyribosomes - A multiribosomal structure representing a linear array of RIBOSOMES held together by messenger RNA; ...

Polysaccharide-Lyases - A group of carbon-oxygen lyases. These enzymes catalyze the breakage of a carbon-oxygen bond in poly...

Polysaccharides, Bacterial - Polysaccharides found in bacteria and especially bacterial capsules. (Dorland, 28th ed)...

Polysomnography - Simultaneous and continuous monitoring of several parameters during sleep to study normal and abnorm...

Polysorbates - Sorbitan mono-9-octadecanoate poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivatives; complex mixtures of polyoxyethyl...

Polystichum - A plant genus of the family DRYOPTERIDACEAE....

Polystyrenes - Polymerized forms of styrene used as a biocompatible material, especially in dentistry. They are the...

Polytetrafluoroethylene - Homopolymer of tetrafluoroethylene. Nonflammable, tough, inert plastic tubing or sheeting; used to l...

Polythiazide - A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale,...

Polyubiquitin - An oligomer formed from the repetitive linking of the C-terminal glycine of one UBIQUITIN molecule ...

Polyunsaturated Alkamides - Amides composed of unsaturated aliphatic FATTY ACIDS linked with AMINES by an amide bond. They are m...

Polyurethanes - A group of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers containing polyisocyanate. They are used as ELAST...

Polyuria - Urination of a large volume of urine with an increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabete...

Polyvinyl Alcohol - A polymer prepared from polyvinyl acetates by replacement of the acetate groups with hydroxyl groups...

Polyvinyl Chloride - A polyvinyl resin used extensively in the manufacture of plastics, including medical devices, tubing...

Polyvinylpyridine N-Oxide - Inhibits the cytotoxic action of quartz and is reported to have delayed the development of experimen...

Poncirus - A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. Members contain ponfolin, a coumarin (COUMARINS)....

Pongamia - A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain karanjin. Some species of this genus have been...

Pongo - A genus of orangutans in the family HOMINIDAE, comprising two species. Among the PRIMATES, the orang...

Pongo abelii - A species of orangutan, family HOMINIDAE, found in the forests on the island of Sumatra....

Pongo pygmaeus - A species of orangutan, family HOMINIDAE, found in the forests on the island of Borneo....

Pons - The front part of hindbrain that lies between MEDULLA OBLONGATA and the midbrain (MESENCEPHALON) ven...

Pontederiaceae - A plant family of the order Liliales, subclass Liliidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Most spe...

Popliteal Artery - The continuation of the femoral artery coursing through the popliteal fossa; it divides into the ant...

Popliteal Cyst - A SYNOVIAL CYST located in the back of the knee, in the popliteal space arising from the semimembran...

Popliteal Vein - The vein formed by the union of the anterior and posterior tibial veins; it courses through the popl...

Popular Works - Works written for non-professional or lay audiences....

Population - The total number of individuals inhabiting a particular region or area....

Population Characteristics - Qualities and characterization of various types of populations within a social or geographic group, ...

Population Control - Includes mechanisms or programs which control the numbers of individuals in a population of humans o...

Population Density - Number of individuals in a population relative to space....

Population Dynamics - The pattern of any process, or the interrelationship of phenomena, which affects growth or change wi...

Population Groups - Individuals classified according to their sex, racial origin, religion, common place of living, fina...

Population Growth - Increase, over a specific period of time, in the number of individuals living in a country or region...

Population Surveillance - Ongoing scrutiny of a population (general population, study population, target population, etc.), ge...

Populus - A plant genus of the family SALICACEAE. Balm of Gilead is a common name used for P. candicans, or P....

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus - A species of CORONAVIRUS causing acute enteritis in swine. Infections have been seen mostly in Europ...

Porcine Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome - A worldwide emerging disease of weaned piglets first recognized in swine herds in western Canada in ...

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by outbreaks of late term abortions, high numbers of stillbirths and mummif...

Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - A species of ARTERIVIRUS causing reproductive and respiratory disease in pigs. The European strain i...

Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus - A mutant strain of TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS causing mild or subclinical respiratory infec...

Porcupines - Common name for large, quilled rodents (RODENTIA) comprised of two families: Old World porcupines (H...

Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins - Proteins secreted from an organism which form membrane-spanning pores in target cells to destroy the...

Porfiromycin - Toxic antibiotic of the mitomycin group, obtained from MITOMYCIN and also from Streptomyces ardus an...

Poria - A genus of basiodiomycetous fungi in the family Coriolaceae. Members are known for infesting wood....

Porifera - The phylum of sponges which are sessile, suspension-feeding, multicellular animals that utilize flag...

Porins - Porins are protein molecules that were originally found in the outer membrane of GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTE...

Porokeratosis - A heritable disorder of faulty keratinization characterized by the proliferation of abnormal clones ...

Poroma - A benign adnexal neoplasm composed of EPITHELIAL CELLS. They typically manifest as solitary papules ...

Porosity - Condition of having pores or open spaces. This often refers to bones, bone implants, or bone cements...

Porphobilinogen Synthase - An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of porphobilinogen from two molecules of 5-aminolevulinic aci...

Porphyra - A genus of RED ALGAE in the family Bangiaceae. It is the most widely consumed SEAWEED in the world ...

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda - An autosomal dominant or acquired porphyria due to a deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN DECARBOXYLASE in...

Porphyria, Acute Intermittent - An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a deficiency of HYDROXYMETHYLBILANE SYNTHASE in the L...

Porphyria, Erythropoietic - An autosomal recessive porphyria that is due to a deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN III SYNTHASE in the...

Porphyria, Hepatoerythropoietic - An autosomal recessive cutaneous porphyria that is due to a deficiency of UROPORPHYRINOGEN DECARBOXY...

Porphyria, Variegate - An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a deficiency of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3....

Porphyrias - A diverse group of metabolic diseases characterized by errors in the biosynthetic pathway of HEME in...

Porphyrias, Hepatic - A group of metabolic diseases due to deficiency of one of a number of LIVER enzymes in the biosynthe...

Porphyridium - A genus of RED ALGAE in the family Porphyridiaceae. A single stellate CHLOROPLAST is present in each...

Porphyrinogens - Colorless reduced precursors of porphyrins in which the pyrrole rings are linked by methylene (-CH2-...

Porphyrins - A group of compounds containing the porphin structure, four pyrrole rings connected by methine bridg...

Porphyromonas - A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, nonsporeforming, nonmotile rods or coccobacilli. Organisms in t...

Porphyromonas endodontalis - A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus PORPHYROMONAS, family Porphyromonadaceae. It is a k...

Porphyromonas gingivalis - A species of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria originally classified within the BACTEROI...

Porpoises - Mammals of the family Phocoenidae comprising four genera found in the North Pacific Ocean and both s...

Portacaval Shunt, Surgical - Surgical portasystemic shunt between the portal vein and inferior vena cava....

Portal Pressure - The venous pressure measured in the PORTAL VEIN....

Portal System - A system of vessels in which blood, after passing through one capillary bed, is conveyed through a s...

Portal Vein - A short thick vein formed by union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein....

Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical - Surgical venous shunt between the portal and systemic circulation to effect decompression of the por...

Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic - A type of surgical portasystemic shunt to reduce portal hypertension with associated complications o...

Portoenterostomy, Hepatic - Operation for biliary atresia by anastomosis of the bile ducts into the jejunum or duodenum....

Portography - Examination of the portal circulation by the use of X-ray films after injection of radiopaque materi...

Portraits - Works consisting of graphic representations, especially of the face, of real persons, usually posed,...

Portraits as Topic - Graphic representations, especially of the face, of real persons, usually posed, living or dead. (Fr...

Portulaca - A plant genus of the family PORTULACACEAE....

Portulacaceae - A plant family of the order Caryophyllales, subclass Caryophyllidae, class Magnoliopsida. There are ...

Port-Wine Stain - A vascular malformation of developmental origin characterized pathologically by ectasia of superfici...

Position-Specific Scoring Matrices - Tabular numerical representations of sequence motifs displaying their variability as likelihood valu...

Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B - A transcriptional elongation factor complex that is comprised of a heterodimer of CYCLIN-DEPENDENT K...

Positive-Pressure Respiration - A method of mechanical ventilation in which pressure is maintained to increase the volume of gas rem...

Positive-Pressure Respiration, Intrinsic - Non-therapeutic positive end-expiratory pressure occurring frequently in patients with severe airway...

Positron-Emission Tomography - An imaging technique using compounds labelled with short-lived positron-emitting radionuclides (such...

Post and Core Technique - Use of a metal casting, usually with a post in the pulp or root canal, designed to support and retai...

Postal Service - The functions and activities carried out by the U.S. Postal Service, foreign postal services, and pr...

Postanesthesia Nursing - The specialty or practice of nursing in the care of patients in the recovery room following surgery ...

Postcards - Cards on which a message may be written or printed for mailing without an envelope. Art & Architect...

Postcholecystectomy Syndrome - Abdominal symptoms after removal of the GALLBLADDER. The common postoperative symptoms are often the...

Post-Concussion Syndrome - The organic and psychogenic disturbances observed after closed head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED)...

Post-Dural Puncture Headache - A secondary headache disorder attributed to low CEREBROSPINAL FLUID pressure caused by SPINAL PUNCTU...

Posterior Cerebral Artery - Artery formed by the bifurcation of the BASILAR ARTERY. Branches of the posterior cerebral artery su...

Posterior Cervical Sympathetic Syndrome - A pathological condition that is characterized by a host of cranial symptoms, such as headaches, abn...

Posterior Cruciate Ligament - A strong ligament of the knee that originates from the anterolateral surface of the medial condyle o...

Posterior Horn Cells - Neurons in the posterior (dorsal) horn of the spinal cord whose cell bodies and processes are confin...

Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome - A condition that is characterized by HEADACHE; SEIZURES; and visual loss with edema in the posterior...

Posterior Thalamic Nuclei - A transitional diencephalic zone of the thalamus consisting of complex and varied cells lying caudal...

Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction - A condition characterized by a broad range of progressive disorders ranging from TENOSYNOVITIS to te...

Posters - Works consisting of single or multi-sheet notices made to attract attention to events, activities, c...

Posters as Topic - Single or multi-sheet notices made to attract attention to events, activities, causes, goods, or ser...

Post-Exposure Prophylaxis - The prevention of infection or disease following exposure to a pathogen. This is most frequently add...

Postgastrectomy Syndromes - Sequelae of gastrectomy from the second week after operation on. Include recurrent or anastomotic ul...

Posthumous Conception - Conception after the death of the male or female biological parent through techniques such as the us...

Postmenopause - The physiological period following the MENOPAUSE, the permanent cessation of the menstrual life....

Postmodernism - A late 20th-century philosophical approach or style of cultural analysis that seeks to reveal the cu...

Postmortem Changes - Physiological changes that occur in bodies after death....

Postnatal Care - The care provided a woman following the birth of a child....

Postoperative Care - The period of care beginning when the patient is removed from surgery and aimed at meeting the patie...

Postoperative Complications - Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related...

Postoperative Hemorrhage - Hemorrhage following any surgical procedure. It may be immediate or delayed and is not restricted to...

Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting - Emesis and queasiness occurring after anesthesia....

Postoperative Period - The period following a surgical operation....

Postpartum Hemorrhage - Excess blood loss from uterine bleeding associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR or CHILDBIRTH. It is defined...

Postpartum Period - In females, the period that is shortly after giving birth (PARTURITION)....

Postpartum Thyroiditis - Transient autoimmune thyroiditis occurring in the POSTPARTUM PERIOD. It is characterized by the pres...

Postpericardiotomy Syndrome - A nonspecific hypersensitivity reaction caused by TRAUMA to the PERICARDIUM, often following PERICAR...

Postphlebitic Syndrome - A condition characterized by a chronically swollen limb, often a leg with stasis dermatitis and ulce...

Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical s...

Postprandial Period - The time frame after a meal or FOOD INTAKE....

Postthrombotic Syndrome - A condition caused by one or more episodes of DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS, usually the blood clots are lodg...

Post-Traumatic Headache - Secondary headache attributed to TRAUMA of the HEAD and/or the NECK....

Postural Balance - A POSTURE in which an ideal body mass distribution is achieved. Postural balance provides the body c...

Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome - A syndrome of ORTHOSTATIC INTOLERANCE combined with excessive upright TACHYCARDIA, and usually witho...

Posture - The position or attitude of the body....

Potamogetonaceae - A plant family of the order Najadales, subclass Alismatidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons)....

Potassium - An element that is in the alkali group of metals. It has an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and a...

Potassium Acetate - A potassium salt used to replenish ELECTROLYTES, for restoration of WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE, as we...

Potassium Channel Blockers - A class of drugs that act by inhibition of potassium efflux through cell membranes. Blockade of pota...

Potassium Channels - Cell membrane glycoproteins that are selectively permeable to potassium ions. At least eight major g...

Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated - Potassium channels whose activation is dependent on intracellular calcium concentrations....

Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying - Potassium channels where the flow of K+ ions into the cell is greater than the outward flow....

Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain - Potassium channels that contain two pores in tandem. They are responsible for baseline or leak curre...

Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated - Potassium channel whose permeability to ions is extremely sensitive to the transmembrane potential d...

Potassium Chloride - A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used t...

Potassium Citrate - A powder that dissolves in water, which is administered orally, and is used as a diuretic, expectora...

Potassium Compounds - Inorganic compounds that contain potassium as an integral part of the molecule....

Potassium Cyanide - A highly poisonous compound that is an inhibitor of many metabolic processes, but has been shown to ...

Potassium Deficiency - A condition due to decreased dietary intake of potassium, as in starvation or failure to administer ...

Potassium Dichromate - Chromic acid (H2Cr2O7), dipotassium salt. A compound having bright orange-red crystals and used in d...

Potassium Iodide - An inorganic compound that is used as a source of iodine in thyrotoxic crisis and in the preparation...

Potassium Isotopes - Stable potassium atoms that have the same atomic number as the element potassium, but differ in atom...

Potassium Magnesium Aspartate - An intra-extracellular electrolyte exchange agent with a variety of effects....

Potassium Permanganate - Permanganic acid (HMnO4), potassium salt. A highly oxidative, water-soluble compound with purple cry...

Potassium Radioisotopes - Unstable isotopes of potassium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. K atoms with atomic we...

Potassium, Dietary - Potassium or potassium compounds used in foods or as foods....

Potassium-Hydrogen Antiporters - Membrane proteins that allow the exchange of hydrogen ions for potassium ions across the cellular me...

Potentilla - A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. Members contain procyanidins and TANNINS....

Potentiometry - Solution titration in which the end point is read from the electrode-potential variations with the c...

Potexvirus - A genus of plant viruses in the family FLEXIVIRIDAE, that cause mosaic and ringspot symptoms. Transm...

Potoroidae - A family of rat kangaroos found in and around Australia. Genera include Potorous and Bettongia....

Potyviridae - A family of RNA plant viruses with flexuous, filamentous particles and consisting of six genera: POT...

Potyvirus - A large genus of plant viruses of the family POTYVIRIDAE which infect mainly plants of the Solanacea...

POU Domain Factors - A family of transcription factors characterized by the presence of a bipartite DNA-binding domain kn...

Pouchitis - Acute INFLAMMATION in the INTESTINAL MUCOSA of the continent ileal reservoir (or pouch) in patients ...

Poult Enteritis Mortality Syndrome - An acute, transmissible, infectious disease associated with high MORTALITY and MORBIDITY in young tu...

Poultry Diseases - Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually...

Poultry Products - Food products manufactured from poultry....

Pouteria - A plant genus of the family SAPOTACEAE. Members contain triterpenes. Some species in this genus are...

Poverty - A situation in which the level of living of an individual, family, or group is below the standard of...

Poverty Areas - City, urban, rural, or suburban areas which are characterized by severe economic deprivation and by ...

Povidone - A polyvinyl polymer of variable molecular weight; used as suspending and dispersing agent and vehicl...

Povidone-Iodine - An iodinated polyvinyl polymer used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membran...

Powder Diffraction - Method of using a polycrystalline powder and Rietveld refinement (LEAST SQUARES ANALYSIS) of X-RAY D...

Powders - Substances made up of an aggregation of small particles, as that obtained by grinding or trituration...

Power (Psychology) - The exertion of a strong influence or control over others in a variety of settings--administrative, ...

Power Plants - Units that convert some other form of energy into electrical energy....

Poxviridae - A family of double-stranded DNA viruses infecting mammals (including humans), birds and insects. The...

Poxviridae Infections - Virus diseases caused by the POXVIRIDAE....

PPAR alpha - A nuclear transcription factor. Heterodimerization with RETINOID X RECEPTOR GAMMA is important to me...

PPAR delta - A nuclear transcription factor. It is activated by PROSTACYCLIN....

PPAR gamma - A nuclear transcription factor. Heterodimerization with RETINOID X RECEPTOR ALPHA is important in re...

PPAR-beta - One of the PPAR nuclear transcription factors....

PQQ Cofactor - A pyrrolo-quinoline having two adjacent keto-groups at the 4 and 5 positions and three acidic carbox...

Practice (Psychology) - Performance of an act one or more times, with a view to its fixation or improvement; any performance...

Practice Guideline - Work consisting of a set of directions or principles to assist the health care practitioner with pat...

Practice Guidelines as Topic - Directions or principles presenting current or future rules of policy for assisting health care prac...

Practice Management - Business management of medical and dental practices that may include capital financing, utilization ...

Practice Management, Dental - The organization and operation of the business aspects of a dental practice....

Practice Management, Medical - The organization and operation of the business aspects of a physician's practice....

Practice Valuation and Purchase - Determination of economic value of an established health care provider practice including value of p...

Practolol - A beta-adrenergic antagonist that has been used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias....

Prader-Willi Syndrome - An autosomal dominant disorder caused by deletion of the proximal long arm of the paternal chromosom...

Prajmaline - A derivative of the rauwolfia alkaloid AJMALINE. It is an anti-arrhythmia agent, but may cause liver...

Pralidoxime Compounds - Various salts of a quaternary ammonium oxime that reconstitute inactivated acetylcholinesterase, esp...

Praseodymium - Praseodymium. An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Pr, atomic num...

Pravastatin - An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a compe...

Prazepam - A benzodiazepine that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS....

Praziquantel - An anthelmintic used in most schistosome and many cestode infestations....

Prazosin - A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of heart failure, hypertension, pheo...

Prealbumin - A tetrameric protein, molecular weight between 50,000 and 70,000, consisting of 4 equal chains, and ...

Pre-B Cell Receptors - Membrane proteins in precursor B-LYMPHOCYTES (pre-B Cells). They are composed of membrane-bound MU I...

Prebiotics - Non-digestible food ingredients mostly of a carbohydrate base that improve human health by selective...

Precancerous Conditions - Pathological processes that tend eventually to become malignant. (From Dorland, 27th ed)...

Preceptorship - Practical experience in medical and health-related services that occurs as part of an educational pr...

Precipitating Factors - Factors associated with the definitive onset of a disease, illness, accident, behavioral response, o...

Precipitin Tests - Serologic tests in which a positive reaction manifested by visible CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION occurs whe...

Precipitins - Antibodies which elicit IMMUNOPRECIPITATION when combined with antigen....

Preconception Care - An organized and comprehensive program of health care that identifies and reduces a woman's reproduc...

Preconception Injuries - Damages to reproductive health prior to conception (FERTILIZATION), a legal term for torts liability...

Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma - A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children and adolescents and characterized by a high numb...

Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma - A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymph...

Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid - Lymphocyte progenitor cells that are restricted in their differentiation potential to the B lymphocy...

Precursor Cells, T-Lymphoid - Lymphocyte progenitor cells that are restricted in their differentiation potential to the T lymphocy...

Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma - A leukemia/lymphoma found predominately in children and young adults and characterized LYMPHADENOPAT...

Predatory Behavior - Instinctual behavior pattern in which food is obtained by killing and consuming other species....

Prediabetic State - The time period before the development of symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors ca...

Predictive Value of Tests - In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true posi...

Prednimustine - Ester of CHLORAMBUCIL and PREDNISOLONE used as a combination alkylating agent and synthetic steroid ...

Prednisolone - A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for al...

Prednisone - A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and co...

Pre-Eclampsia - A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION ...

Pre-Excitation Syndromes - A group of conditions in which HEART VENTRICLE activation by the atrial impulse is faster than the n...

Pre-Excitation, Mahaim-Type - A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized by a normal PR interval and a long QRS interval w...

Preferred Provider Organizations - Arrangements negotiated between a third-party payer (often a self-insured company or union trust fun...

Prefrontal Cortex - The rostral part of the frontal lobe, bounded by the inferior precentral fissure in humans, which re...

Pregnadienediols - Doubly unsaturated pregnane derivatives with two hydroxy groups substituted anywhere on the rings or...

Pregnadienes - Pregnane derivatives containing two double bonds anywhere within the ring structures....

Pregnadienetriols - Doubly unsaturated pregnane derivatives substituted with three hydroxy groups anywhere within the ri...

Pregnancy - The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero be...

Pregnancy Complications - Conditions or pathological processes associated with pregnancy. They can occur during or after pregn...

Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular - The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a cardiovascular disease. The disease may precede or follow FERTI...

Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic - The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a blood disease (HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES) which involves BLOOD CELLS...

Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - The co-occurrence of pregnancy and an INFECTION. The infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION....

Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic - The co-occurrence of pregnancy and NEOPLASMS. The neoplastic disease may precede or follow FERTILIZA...

Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic - The co-occurrence of pregnancy and parasitic diseases. The parasitic infection may precede or follow...

Pregnancy in Adolescence - Pregnancy in human adolescent females under the age of 19....

Pregnancy in Diabetics - The state of PREGNANCY in women with DIABETES MELLITUS. This does not include either symptomatic dia...

Pregnancy Maintenance - Physiological mechanisms that sustain the state of PREGNANCY....

Pregnancy Outcome - Results of conception and ensuing pregnancy, including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION;...

Pregnancy Proteins - Proteins produced by organs of the mother or the PLACENTA during PREGNANCY. These proteins may be pr...

Pregnancy Rate - The ratio of the number of conceptions (CONCEPTION) including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; and fetal loss...

Pregnancy Reduction, Multifetal - Selective abortion of one or more embryos or fetuses in a multiple gestation pregnancy. The usual go...

Pregnancy Tests - Tests to determine whether or not an individual is pregnant....

Pregnancy Trimester, First - The beginning third of a human PREGNANCY, from the first day of the last normal menstrual period (ME...

Pregnancy Trimester, Second - The middle third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 15th through the 28th completed wee...

Pregnancy Trimester, Third - The last third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 29th through the 42nd completed week ...

Pregnancy Trimesters - The three approximately equal periods of a normal human PREGNANCY. Each trimester is about three mon...

Pregnancy, Abdominal - A type of ectopic pregnancy in which the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN implants in the ABDOMINAL CAVITY instead ...

Pregnancy, Animal - The process of bearing developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero in non-human mammals, beginnin...

Pregnancy, Ectopic - A potentially life-threatening condition in which the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN implants outside the cavity ...

Pregnancy, High-Risk - Pregnancy in which the mother and/or FETUS are at greater than normal risk of MORBIDITY or MORTALITY...

Pregnancy, Multiple - The condition of bearing two or more FETUSES simultaneously. (Stedman, 25th ed)...

Pregnancy, Prolonged - A term used to describe pregnancies that exceed the upper limit of a normal gestational period. In h...

Pregnancy, Tubal - The most common (>96%) type of ectopic pregnancy in which the extrauterine EMBRYO IMPLANTATION occur...

Pregnancy, Unplanned - Unintended accidental pregnancy, including pregnancy resulting from failed contraceptive measures....

Pregnancy, Unwanted - Pregnancy, usually accidental, that is not desired by the parent or parents....

Pregnancy-Associated alpha 2-Macroglobulins - Large (>160 kDa) glycoproteins with electrophoretic mobility of ALPHA-GLOBULINS, found in high conce...

Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A - A product of the PLACENTA, and DECIDUA, secreted into the maternal circulation during PREGNANCY. It ...

Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins - Glycoproteins with the electrophoretic mobility of BETA-GLOBULINS, secreted by the placental TROPHOB...

Pregnanediol - An inactive metabolite of PROGESTERONE by reduction at C5, C3, and C20 position. Pregnanediol has tw...

Pregnanediones - Pregnane derivatives in which two side-chain methyl groups or two methylene groups in the ring skele...

Pregnanes - Saturated derivatives of the steroid pregnane. The 5-beta series includes PROGESTERONE and related h...

Pregnanetriol - A metabolite of 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE, normally produced in small quantities by the GONADS an...

Pregnanolone - A pregnane found in the urine of pregnant women and sows. It has anesthetic, hypnotic, and sedative ...

Pregnant Women - Human females who are pregnant, as cultural, psychological, or sociological entities....

Pregnatrienes - Pregnane derivatives containing three double bonds in the ring structures....

Pregnenediones - Unsaturated pregnane derivatives containing two keto groups on side chains or ring structures....

Pregnenes - Unsaturated derivatives of PREGNANES....

Pregnenolone - A 21-carbon steroid, derived from CHOLESTEROL and found in steroid hormone-producing tissues. Pregne...

Pregnenolone Carbonitrile - A catatoxic steroid and microsomal enzyme inducer having significant effects on the induction of cyt...

Preimplantation Diagnosis - Determination of the nature of a pathological condition or disease in the ovum, zygote, or blastocys...

Prejudice - A preconceived judgment made without adequate evidence and not easily alterable by presentation of c...

Prekallikrein - A plasma protein which is the precursor of kallikrein. Plasma that is deficient in prekallikrein has...

Preleukemia - Conditions in which the abnormalities in the peripheral blood or bone marrow represent the early man...

Premature Birth - CHILDBIRTH before 37 weeks of PREGNANCY (259 days from the first day of the mother's last menstrual ...

Premedication - Preliminary administration of a drug preceding a diagnostic, therapeutic, or surgical procedure. The...

Premenopause - The period before MENOPAUSE. In premenopausal women, the climacteric transition from full sexual mat...

Premenstrual Syndrome - A combination of distressing physical, psychologic, or behavioral changes that occur during the lute...

Prenalterol - A partial adrenergic agonist with functional beta 1-receptor specificity and inotropic effect. It is...

Prenatal Care - Care provided the pregnant woman in order to prevent complications, and decrease the incidence of ma...

Prenatal Diagnosis - Determination of the nature of a pathological condition or disease in the postimplantation embryo, f...

Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects - The consequences of exposing the FETUS in utero to certain factors, such as NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGICAL ...

Prenatal Injuries - Damages to the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN or the FETUS before BIRTH. Damages can be caused by any factors inc...

Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena - Nutrition of FEMALE during PREGNANCY....

Prenazone - A pyrazole that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It has been used in mi...

Prenylamine - A drug formerly used in the treatment of angina pectoris but superseded by less hazardous drugs. Pre...

Prenylation - Attachment of isoprenoids (TERPENES) to other compounds, especially PROTEINS and FLAVONOIDS....

Preoperative Care - Care given during the period prior to undergoing surgery when psychological and physical preparation...

Preoperative Period - The period before a surgical operation....

Preoptic Area - Region of hypothalamus between the anterior commissure and optic chiasm....

Prepaid Health Plans - Contracts between an insurer and a subscriber or a group of subscribers whereby a specified set of h...

Prephenate Dehydratase - An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of prephenate to phenylpyruvate with the elimination of wate...

Prephenate Dehydrogenase - An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of prephenate to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate in the presence of ...

Presbycusis - Gradual bilateral hearing loss associated with aging that is due to progressive degeneration of coch...

Presbyopia - The normal decreasing elasticity of the crystalline lens that leads to loss of accommodation....

Prescription Drugs - Drugs that cannot be sold legally without a prescription....

Prescription Fees - The charge levied on the consumer for drugs or therapy prescribed under written order of a physician...

Prescriptions - Directions written for the obtaining and use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS; MEDICAL DEVICES; correc...

Presenilin-1 - Integral membrane protein of Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum. Its homodimer is an essential componen...

Presenilin-2 - Integral membrane protein of Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum. Its homodimer is an essential componen...

Presenilins - Integral membrane proteins and essential components of the gamma-secretase complex that catalyzes th...

Preservatives, Pharmaceutical - Substances added to pharmaceutical preparations to protect them from chemical change or microbial ac...

Pressoreceptors - Receptors in the vascular system, particularly the aorta and carotid sinus, which are sensitive to s...

Pressure - A type of stress exerted uniformly in all directions. Its measure is the force exerted per unit area...

Pressure Ulcer - An ulceration caused by prolonged pressure on the SKIN and TISSUES when one stay in one position for...

Presumed Consent - An institutional policy of granting authority to health personnel to perform procedures on patients ...

Presynaptic Terminals - The distal terminations of axons which are specialized for the release of neurotransmitters. Also in...

Prevalence - The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is d...

Preventive Dentistry - The branch of dentistry concerned with the prevention of disease and the maintenance and promotion o...

Preventive Health Services - Services designed for HEALTH PROMOTION and prevention of disease....

Preventive Medicine - A medical specialty primarily concerned with prevention of disease (PRIMARY PREVENTION) and the prom...

Preventive Psychiatry - A discipline concerned with the prevention of mental illness and the promotion of mental health....

Prevotella - A genus of gram-negative, anaerobic, nonsporeforming, nonmotile rods. Organisms of this genus had or...

Prevotella intermedia - A species of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria originally classified within the BACTEROI...

Prevotella melaninogenica - A species of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria originally classified within the BACTEROI...

Prevotella nigrescens - A species of gram-negative bacteria in the family Prevotellaceae. It is the species most commonly i...

Prevotella ruminicola - A saccharolytic species of gram-negative bacteria in the family Prevotellaceae. It ferments a wide r...

Priapism - A prolonged painful erection that may lasts hours and is not associated with sexual activity. It is ...

Price Lists - Works consisting of lists giving the prices of items for sale, including drugs, equipment, books, et...

Prilocaine - A local anesthetic that is similar pharmacologically to LIDOCAINE. Currently, it is used most often ...

Primaquine - An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ...

Primary Dysautonomias - Disorders of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM occurring as a primary condition. Manifestations can invol...

Primary Graft Dysfunction - A form of ischemia-reperfusion injury occurring in the early period following transplantation. Signi...

Primary Health Care - Care which provides integrated, accessible health care services by clinicians who are accountable fo...

Primary Myelofibrosis - A de novo myeloproliferation arising from an abnormal stem cell. It is characterized by the replacem...

Primary Nursing Care - The primary responsibility of one nurse for the planning, evaluation, and care of a patient througho...

Primary Prevention - Specific practices for the prevention of disease or mental disorders in susceptible individuals or p...

Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia - A form of frontotemporal lobar degeneration and a progressive form of dementia characterized by moto...

Primate Diseases - Diseases of animals within the order PRIMATES. This term includes diseases of Haplorhini and Strepsi...

Primate T-lymphotropic virus 1 - A species in the family DELTARETROVIRUS comprising strains of different host species but arising fro...

Primate T-lymphotropic virus 2 - A species in the family DELTARETROVIRUS, comprising strains from different host species but arising ...

Primate T-lymphotropic virus 3 - A species of DELTARETROVIRUS that includes the strains SIMIAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 3 and HUMAN T-LYM...

Primed In Situ Labeling - A technique that labels specific sequences in whole chromosomes by in situ DNA chain elongation or P...

Primidone - An antiepileptic agent related to the barbiturates; it is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the...

Primitive Streak - A linear band of rapidly proliferating cells that begins near the posterior end of an embryo and gro...

Primula - A plant genus of the family PRIMULACEAE. It can cause CONTACT DERMATITIS. SAPONINS have been identif...

Primulaceae - A plant family of the order Primulales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. The flowers have...

Prince Edward Island - An island in the Gulf of St. Lawrence constituting a province of Canada in the eastern part of the c...

Principal Component Analysis - Mathematical procedure that transforms a number of possibly correlated variables into a smaller numb...

Principle-Based Ethics - An approach to ethics that focuses on theories of the importance of general principles such as respe...

Prion Diseases - A group of genetic, infectious, or sporadic degenerative human and animal nervous system disorders a...

Prions - Small proteinaceous infectious particles which resist inactivation by procedures that modify NUCLEIC...

Prisons - Penal institutions, or places of confinement for war prisoners....

Pristinamycin - An antibiotic mixture originally isolated from Streptomyces pristinaspiralis. It is a mixture of com...

Privacy - The state of being free from intrusion or disturbance in one's private life or affairs. (Random Hous...

Private Practice - Practice of a health profession by an individual, offering services on a person-to-person basis, as ...

Private Sector - That distinct portion of the institutional, industrial, or economic structure of a country that is c...

Privatization - Process of shifting publicly controlled services and/or facilities to the private sector....

Proactive Inhibition - The state or process hypothesized to account for poorer learning rate for elements later in a series...

Proadifen - An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity....

Proanthocyanidins - Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to...

Probability - The study of chance processes or the relative frequency characterizing a chance process....

Probability Learning - Usually refers to the use of mathematical models in the prediction of learning to perform tasks base...

Probability Theory - The branch of mathematics dealing with the purely logical properties of probability. Its theorems un...

Probenecid - The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tub...

Probiotics - Live microbial DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS which beneficially affect the host animal by improving its intest...

Problem Solving - A learning situation involving more than one alternative from which a selection is made in order to ...

Problem-Based Learning - Instructional use of examples or cases to teach using problem-solving skills and critical thinking....

Problems and Exercises - Works consisting of collections of practice questions and drills, generally for instructional or rev...

Proboscidea Mammal - An order of MAMMALS that feeds using their trunks. It contains one family, the Elephantidae, compris...

Probucol - A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cho...

Procainamide - A derivative of PROCAINE with less CNS action. It also acts as a non-nucleoside inhibitor of DNA MET...

Procaine - A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mai...

Procarbazine - An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednis...

Procaterol - A long-acting beta-2-adrenergic receptor agonist. It is a potent bronchodilator that may be administ...

Process Assessment (Health Care) - An evaluation procedure that focuses on how care is delivered, based on the premise that there are s...

Procetofen - An antilipemic agent which reduces both CHOLESTEROL and TRIGLYCERIDES in the blood....

Prochlorococcus - A genus of marine planktonic CYANOBACTERIA in the order PROCHLOROPHYTES. They lack PHYCOBILISOMES an...

Prochloron - A genus of PROCHLOROPHYTES containing unicellular, spherical bacteria without a mucilaginous sheath....

Prochlorophytes - An order of GRAM-NEGATIVE OXYGENIC PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA containing CHLOROPHYLL, a and b, but lack...

Prochlorothrix - A genus of PROCHLOROPHYTES occurring in unbranched chains of indefinite length and containing both c...

Prochlorperazine - A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It...

Procollagen - A biosynthetic precursor of collagen containing additional amino acid sequences at the amino-termina...

Procollagen N-Endopeptidase - An extracellular endopeptidase which excises a block of peptides at the amino terminal, nonhelical r...

Procollagen-Lysine, 2-Oxoglutarate 5-Dioxygenase - A mixed-function oxygenase that catalyzes the hydroxylation of peptidyllysine, usually in protocolla...

Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase - A mixed-function oxygenase that catalyzes the hydroxylation of a prolyl-glycyl-containing-peptide, u...

Proctitis - INFLAMMATION of the MUCOUS MEMBRANE of the RECTUM, the distal end of the large intestine (INTESTINE,...

Proctocolectomy, Restorative - A surgical procedure involving the excision of the COLON and RECTUM and the formation of an ILEOANAL...

Proctocolitis - Inflammation of the RECTUM and the distal portion of the COLON....

Proctoscopes - Endoscopes for visual examination of the rectum and anus....

Proctoscopy - Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the rectum....

Procyclidine - A muscarinic antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is used in the treatment of drug-in...

Procyonidae - A family of long-tailed terrestrial omnivores including RACCOONS, ringtails, and coatimundis....

Prodigiosin - 4-Methoxy-5-((5-methyl-4-pentyl-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl)- 2,2'-bi-1H-pyrrole. A toxic, bright red...

Prodigiozan - A polysaccharide extracted from Serratia marcescens and other bacteria. It activates enzymatic activ...

Prodrugs - A compound that, on administration, must undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before b...

Product Labeling - Use of written, printed, or graphic materials upon or accompanying a product or its container or wra...

Product Line Management - Management control systems for structuring health care delivery strategies around case types, as in ...

Product Packaging - Form in which product is processed or wrapped and labeled. PRODUCT LABELING is also available....

Product Recalls and Withdrawals - The removal of a consumer product from the market place. The reason for the removal can be due a var...

Product Surveillance, Postmarketing - Surveillance of drugs, devices, appliances, etc., for efficacy or adverse effects, after they have b...

Proestrus - A phase of the ESTROUS CYCLE that precedes ESTRUS. During proestrus, the Graafian follicles undergo ...

Professional Autonomy - The quality or state of being independent and self-directing, especially in making decisions, enabli...

Professional Competence - The capability to perform the duties of one's profession generally, or to perform a particular profe...

Professional Corporations - Legally authorized corporations owned and managed by one or more professionals (medical, dental, leg...

Professional Impairment - The inability of a health professional to provide proper professional care of patients due to his or...

Professional Misconduct - Violation of laws, regulations, or professional standards....

Professional Practice - The use of one's knowledge in a particular profession. It includes, in the case of the field of biom...

Professional Practice Location - Geographic area in which a professional person practices; includes primarily physicians and dentists...

Professional Review Organizations - Organizations representing designated geographic areas which have contracts under the PRO program to...

Professional Role - The expected function of a member of a particular profession....

Professional Staff Committees - Committees of professional personnel who have responsibility for determining policies, procedures, a...

Professional-Family Relations - The interactions between the professional person and the family....

Professional-Patient Relations - Interactions between health personnel and patients....

Profilins - A family of low molecular weight proteins that bind ACTIN and control actin polymerization. They are...

Proflavine - 3,6-Diaminoacridine. Topical antiseptic used mainly in wound dressings....

Progeria - An abnormal congenital condition, associated with defects in the LAMIN TYPE A gene, which is charact...

Progesterone - The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. P...

Progesterone Congeners - Steroidal compounds related to PROGESTERONE, the major mammalian progestational hormone. Progesteron...

Progesterone Reductase - An enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of a 3 beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid to 3-oxo-delta(4)-steroi...

Progesterone-Binding Globulin - A glycoprotein migrating as alpha 1-globulin, molecular weight 70,000 to 120,000. The protein, which...

Progestins - Compounds that interact with PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects sim...

Proglucagon - The common precursor polypeptide of pancreatic GLUCAGON and intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Progl...

Proglumide - A drug that exerts an inhibitory effect on gastric secretion and reduces gastrointestinal motility. ...

Prognathism - A condition marked by abnormal protrusion of the mandible. (Dorland, 27th ed)...

Prognosis - A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual co...

Program Development - The process of formulating, improving, and expanding educational, managerial, or service-oriented wo...

Program Evaluation - Studies designed to assess the efficacy of programs. They may include the evaluation of cost-effecti...

Programmed Instruction - Works consisting of sequenced self-correction texts....

Programmed Instruction as Topic - Instruction in which learners progress at their own rate using workbooks, textbooks, or electromecha...

Programming Languages - Specific languages used to prepare computer programs....

Programming, Linear - A technique of operations research for solving certain kinds of problems involving many variables wh...

Programs - Works consisting of lists of the events, pieces, performers, speakers, etc., of an entertainment, ce...

Progressive Patient Care - Organization of medical and nursing care according to the degree of illness and care requirements in...

Proinsulin - A pancreatic polypeptide of about 110 amino acids, depending on the species, that is the precursor o...

Projection - A defense mechanism, operating unconsciously, whereby that which is emotionally unacceptable in the ...

Projective Techniques - Techniques whereby personality attributes are revealed through the subject's responses to relatively...

Prokaryotic Cells - Cells lacking a nuclear membrane so that the nuclear material is either scattered in the cytoplasm o...

Prokaryotic Initiation Factor-1 - The smallest of the three prokaryotic initiation factors with a molecular size of approximately 8 kD...

Prokaryotic Initiation Factor-2 - The largest of the three prokaryotic initiation factors with a molecular size of approximately 80 kD...

Prokaryotic Initiation Factor-3 - A prokaryotic initiation factor that plays a role in recycling of ribosomal subunits for a new round...

Prokaryotic Initiation Factors - Peptide initiation factors from prokaryotic organisms. Only three factors are needed for translatio...

Prolactin - A lactogenic hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). It is a polypeptid...

Prolactin Release-Inhibiting Factors - A number of peptides with inhibitory activities on PROLACTIN release have been isolated from the HYP...

Prolactinoma - A pituitary adenoma which secretes PROLACTIN, leading to HYPERPROLACTINEMIA. Clinical manifestations...

Prolactin-Releasing Hormone - A hypothalamic hormone that is synthesized as a precursor protein which is cleaved into two peptides...

Prolamins - A group of seed storage proteins restricted to the POACEAE family. They are rich in GLUTAMINE and PR...

Prolapse - The protrusion of an organ or part of an organ into a natural or artificial orifice....

Prolidase Deficiency - Rare autosomal recessive disorder of metabolism due to mutations in the prolidase gene. It is charac...

Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen - Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. PCNA is requir...

Proline - A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of C...

Proline Oxidase - The first enzyme of the proline degradative pathway. It catalyzes the oxidation of proline to pyrrol...

Proline-Directed Protein Kinases - A subclass of protein serine-threonine kinases that phosphorylate proteins on a SERINE or THREONINE ...

Proline-Rich Protein Domains - Protein domains that are enriched in PROLINE. The cyclical nature of proline causes the peptide bond...

Promazine - A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is p...

Promedol - A narcotic analgesic similar to MEPERIDINE; it exists in four stereoisomers, two of which, the beta ...

Promegestone - A synthetic progestin which is useful for the study of progestin distribution and progestin tissue r...

Prometaphase - The phase of cell nucleus division following PROPHASE, when the breakdown of the NUCLEAR ENVELOPE oc...

Promethazine - A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It i...

Promethium - Promethium. A radioactive element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Pm, a...

Prometryne - A triazine used as a selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)...

Promoter Regions, Genetic - DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymer...

Pronase - A proteolytic enzyme obtained from Streptomyces griseus....

Pronation - Applies to movements of the forearm in turning the palm backward or downward or when applied to the ...

Prone Position - The posture of an individual lying face down....

Pro-Opiomelanocortin - A 30-kDa protein synthesized primarily in the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND and the HYPOTHALAMUS. It is a...

Propafenone - An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak ...

Propaganda - The deliberate attempt to influence attitudes and beliefs for furthering one's cause or damaging an ...

Propanediol Dehydratase - An enzyme that catalyzes the dehydration of 1,2-propanediol to propionaldehyde. EC 4.2.1.28....

Propanidid - An intravenous anesthetic that has been used for rapid induction of anesthesia and for maintenance o...

Propanil - A chlorinated anilide that is used as an herbicide....

Propanolamines - AMINO ALCOHOLS containing the propanolamine (NH2CH2CHOHCH2) group and its derivatives....

Propanols - Isomeric forms and derivatives of PROPANOL (C3H7OH)....

Propantheline - A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in rhinitis, in urinary incontinence, and in the t...

Propensity Score - Conditional probability of exposure to a treatment given observed covariates....

Properdin - A 53-kDa protein that is a positive regulator of the alternate pathway of complement activation (COM...

Prophages - Genomes of temperate BACTERIOPHAGES integrated into the DNA of their bacterial host cell. The propha...

Prophase - The first phase of cell nucleus division, in which the CHROMOSOMES become visible, the CELL NUCLEUS ...

Propidium - Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain for...

Propiolactone - Disinfectant used in vapor form to sterilize vaccines, grafts, etc. The vapor is very irritating and...

Propionibacteriaceae - A family of gram-positive bacteria found in dairy products or in the intestinal tracts of animals....

Propionibacterium - A genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria whose cells occur singly, in pairs or short chains, in...

Propionibacterium acnes - A bacteria isolated from normal skin, intestinal contents, wounds, blood, pus, and soft tissue absce...

Propionic Acidemia - Autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by mutations in PROPIONYL-COA CARBOXYLASE genes that r...

Propionic Acids - 3-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acids....

Propionigenium - A genus of strictly anaerobic, nonsporeforming gram-negative bacteria in the family Fusobacteriaceae...

Proplast - Polymer of polytetrafluoroethylene and carbon filaments; porous biocompatible material used in orofa...

Propofol - An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolu...

Propolis - A resinous substance obtained from beehives that is used traditionally as an antimicrobial. It is a...

Proportional Hazards Models - Statistical models used in survival analysis that assert that the effect of the study factors on the...

Propoxur - A carbamate insecticide....

Propoxycaine - A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a rapid onset of action and a longer duration of actio...

Propranolol - A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDI...

Proprioception - Sensory functions that transduce stimuli received by proprioceptive receptors in joints, tendons, mu...

Proprotein Convertase 1 - A CALCIUM-dependent endopeptidase that has specificity for cleavage at ARGININE that is near paired ...

Proprotein Convertase 2 - A serine endopeptidase that has specificity for cleavage at ARGININE. It cleaves a variety of prohor...

Proprotein Convertase 5 - A serine endopeptidase found primarily in the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. It has specificity for cleavage ...

Proprotein Convertases - Proteolytic enzymes that are involved in the conversion of protein precursors such as peptide prohor...

Propyl Gallate - Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils....

Propylbenzilylcholine Mustard - An analog of benzilylcholine mustard. It is an alkylating nitrogen mustard analog that binds specifi...

Propylene Glycol - A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations....

Propylene Glycols - Derivatives of propylene glycol (1,2-propanediol). They are used as humectants and solvents in pharm...

Propyliodone - Radiopaque medium usually in oil; used in bronchography....

Propylthiouracil - A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the p...

Proscillaridin - A cardiotonic glycoside isolated from Scilla maritima var. alba (Squill)....

Prosencephalon - The anterior of the three primitive cerebral vesicles of the embryonic brain arising from the NEURAL...

Prosopagnosia - The inability to recognize a familiar face or to learn to recognize new faces. This visual agnosia i...

Prosopis - A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is a source of prosopis gum....

Prospective Payment Assessment Commission - The commission charged with evaluating issues and factors which affect the implementation of the PRO...

Prospective Payment System - A system wherein reimbursement rates are set, for a given period of time, prior to the circumstances...

Prospective Studies - Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to ...

Prospectuses - Works consisting of advertisements separately printed and distributed by a publisher to describe and...

Prospidium - An antineoplastic dispiropiperazine derivative....

Prostaglandin Antagonists - Compounds that inhibit the action of prostaglandins....

Prostaglandin D2 - The principal cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. It is released upon activation of mast ...

Prostaglandin Endoperoxides - Precursors in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes from arachidonic acid. They are ph...

Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic - Synthetic compounds that are analogs of the naturally occurring prostaglandin endoperoxides and that...

Prostaglandin H2 - A cyclic endoperoxide intermediate produced by the action of CYCLOOXYGENASE on ARACHIDONIC ACID. It ...

Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases - Enzyme complexes that catalyze the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS from the appropriate unsaturated FATT...

Prostaglandins - A group of compounds derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via...

Prostaglandins A - (13E,15S)-15-Hydroxy-9-oxoprosta-10,13-dien-1-oic acid (PGA(1)); (5Z,13E,15S)-15-hydroxy-9-oxoprosta...

Prostaglandins A, Synthetic - Analogs or derivatives of prostaglandin A that do not occur naturally in the body. They do not inclu...

Prostaglandins B - Physiologically active prostaglandins found in many tissues and organs. They are potent pressor subs...

Prostaglandins D - Physiologically active prostaglandins found in many tissues and organs. They show pressor activity, ...

Prostaglandins E - (11 alpha,13E,15S)-11,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid (PGE(1)); (5Z,11 alpha,13E,15S)-11,15...

Prostaglandins E, Synthetic - Analogs or derivatives of prostaglandins E that do not occur naturally in the body. They do not incl...

Prostaglandins F - (9 alpha,11 alpha,13E,15S)-9,11,15-Trihydroxyprost-13-en-1-oic acid (PGF(1 alpha)); (5Z,9 alpha,11,a...

Prostaglandins F, Synthetic - Analogs or derivatives of prostaglandins F that do not occur naturally in the body. They do not incl...

Prostaglandins G - A group of physiologically active prostaglandin endoperoxides. They are precursors in the biosynthes...

Prostaglandins H - A group of physiologically active prostaglandin endoperoxides. They are precursors in the biosynthes...

Prostaglandins I - A class of cyclic prostaglandins that contain the 6,9-epoxy bond. Endogenous members of this family ...

Prostaglandins, Synthetic - Compounds obtained by chemical synthesis that are analogs or derivatives of naturally occurring pros...

Prostanoic Acids - 2-Octylcyclopentaneheptanoic acids. The family of saturated carbon-20 cyclic fatty acids that repres...

Prostate - A gland in males that surrounds the neck of the URINARY BLADDER and the URETHRA. It secretes a subst...

Prostatectomy - Complete or partial surgical removal of the prostate. Three primary approaches are commonly employed...

Prostate-Specific Antigen - A glycoprotein that is a kallikrein-like serine proteinase and an esterase, produced by epithelial c...

Prostatic Diseases - Pathological processes involving the PROSTATE or its component tissues....

Prostatic Hyperplasia - Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and...

Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia - A premalignant change arising in the prostatic epithelium, regarded as the most important and most l...

Prostatic Neoplasms - Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE....

Prostatic Secretory Proteins - Proteins secreted by the prostate gland. The major secretory proteins from the human prostate gland ...

Prostatism - Lower urinary tract symptom, such as slow urinary stream, associated with PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA in o...

Prostatitis - Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by t...

Prostheses and Implants - Artificial substitutes for body parts, and materials inserted into tissue for functional, cosmetic, ...

Prosthesis Coloring - Coloring, shading, or tinting of prosthetic components, devices, and materials....

Prosthesis Design - The plan and delineation of prostheses in general or a specific prosthesis....

Prosthesis Failure - Malfunction of implantation shunts, valves, etc., and prosthesis loosening, migration, and breaking....

Prosthesis Fitting - The fitting and adjusting of artificial parts of the body. (From Stedman's, 26th ed)...

Prosthesis Implantation - Surgical insertion of a prosthesis....

Prosthesis-Related Infections - Infections resulting from the implantation of prosthetic devices. The infections may be acquired fro...

Prosthodontics - A dental specialty concerned with the restoration and maintenance of oral function by the replacemen...

Prostitution - The practice of indulging in sexual relations for money....

Protactinium - Protactinium. A radioactive element of the actinide group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Pa, at...

Protamine Kinase - An aspect of protein kinase (EC 2.7.1.37) in which serine residues in protamines and histones are ph...

Protamines - A group of simple proteins that yield basic amino acids on hydrolysis and that occur combined with n...

Proteaceae - A plant family of the order Proteales, subclass Rosidae class Magnoliopsida. Cluster roots, bottlebr...

Protease Inhibitors - Compounds which inhibit or antagonize biosynthesis or actions of proteases (ENDOPEPTIDASES)....

Protease La - A prokaryotic ATP-dependent protease that plays a role in the degradation of many abnormal proteins....

Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex - A large multisubunit complex that plays an important role in the degradation of most of the cytosoli...

Protective Agents - Synthetic or natural substances which are given to prevent a disease or disorder or are used in the ...

Protective Clothing - Clothing designed to protect the individual against possible exposure to known hazards....

Protective Devices - Devices designed to provide personal protection against injury to individuals exposed to hazards in ...

Proteidae - The Proteidae family of permanently larval aquatic salamanders. It consists of two living genera - N...

Protein Array Analysis - Ligand-binding assays that measure protein-protein, protein-small molecule, or protein-nucleic acid ...

Protein Binding - The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes...

Protein Biosynthesis - The biosynthesis of PEPTIDES and PROTEINS on RIBOSOMES, directed by MESSENGER RNA, via TRANSFER RNA ...

Protein C - A vitamin-K dependent zymogen present in the blood, which, upon activation by thrombin and thrombomo...

Protein C Deficiency - An absence or deficiency in PROTEIN C which leads to impaired regulation of blood coagulation. It is...

Protein C Inhibitor - A member of the serpin family of proteins that is found in plasma and urine. It is dependent on hepa...

Protein Carbonylation - The appearance of carbonyl groups (such as aldehyde or ketone groups) in PROTEINS as the result of s...

Protein Conformation - The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs...

Protein D-Aspartate-L-Isoaspartate Methyltransferase - A PROTEIN O-METHYLTRANSFERASE that recognizes and catalyzes the methyl esterification of ISOASPARTI...

Protein Deficiency - A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of proteins in the diet, characterized by adaptive ...

Protein Denaturation - The exposure of protein to chemicals, or heat, which disrupt the non-covalent bonds and/or disulfide...

Protein Disulfide Reductase (Glutathione) - An enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of a protein-disulfide in the presence of glutathione, formin...

Protein Disulfide-Isomerases - Sulfur-sulfur bond isomerases that catalyze the rearrangement of disulfide bonds within proteins dur...

Protein Engineering - Procedures by which protein structure and function are changed or created in vitro by altering exist...

Protein Folding - A rapid biochemical reaction involved in the formation of proteins. It begins even before a protein ...

Protein Footprinting - A method for determining points of contact between interacting proteins or binding sites of proteins...

Protein Inhibitors of Activated STAT - A family of structurally related proteins that are constitutively expressed and that negatively regu...

Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs - Protein modules with conserved ligand-binding surfaces which mediate specific interaction functions ...

Protein Interaction Mapping - Methods for determining interaction between proteins....

Protein Isoforms - Different forms of a protein that may be produced from different GENES, or from the same gene by ALT...

Protein Kinase C - An serine-threonine protein kinase that requires the presence of physiological concentrations of CAL...

Protein Kinase C-alpha - A cytoplasmic serine threonine kinase involved in regulating CELL DIFFERENTIATION and CELLULAR PROLI...

Protein Kinase C-delta - A ubiquitously expressed protein kinase that is involved in a variety of cellular SIGNAL PATHWAYS. I...

Protein Kinase C-epsilon - A protein kinase C subtype that was originally characterized as a CALCIUM-independent, serine-threon...

Protein Kinase Inhibitors - Agents that inhibit PROTEIN KINASES....

Protein Kinases - A family of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of ATP and a protein to ADP and a phosphoprotein....

Protein Methyltransferases - Enzymes that catalyze the methylation of amino acids after their incorporation into a polypeptide ch...

Protein Modification, Translational - Any of the enzymatically catalyzed modifications of the individual AMINO ACIDS of PROTEINS, and enzy...

Protein Multimerization - The assembly of the QUATERNARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE of multimeric proteins (MULTIPROTEIN COMPLEXES) fro...

Protein O-Methyltransferase - An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of methyl groups from S-adenosylmethionine to free carboxyl gr...

Protein Phosphatase 1 - A eukayrotic protein serine-threonine phosphatase subtype that dephosphorylates a wide variety of ce...

Protein Phosphatase 2 - A phosphoprotein phosphatase subtype that is comprised of a catalytic subunit and two different regu...

Protein Prenylation - A post-translational modification of proteins by the attachment of an isoprenoid to the C-terminal c...

Protein Processing, Post-Translational - Any of various enzymatically catalyzed post-translational modifications of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS in t...

Protein Renaturation - The reconstitution of a protein's activity following denaturation....

Protein S - The vitamin K-dependent cofactor of activated PROTEIN C. Together with protein C, it inhibits the ac...

Protein S Deficiency - An autosomal dominant disorder showing decreased levels of plasma protein S antigen or activity, ass...

Protein Sorting Signals - Amino acid sequences found in transported proteins that selectively guide the distribution of the pr...

Protein Splicing - The excision of in-frame internal protein sequences (INTEINS) of a precursor protein, coupled with l...

Protein Stability - The ability of a protein to retain its structural conformation or its activity when subjected to phy...

Protein Structure, Quaternary - The characteristic 3-dimensional shape and arrangement of multimeric proteins (aggregates of more th...

Protein Structure, Secondary - The level of protein structure in which regular hydrogen-bond interactions within contiguous stretch...

Protein Structure, Tertiary - The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices,...

Protein Subunits - Single chains of amino acids that are the units of multimeric PROTEINS. Multimeric proteins can be c...

Protein Synthesis Inhibitors - Compounds which inhibit the synthesis of proteins. They are usually ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS or toxins....

Protein Transport - The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by...

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 - A subtype of non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases that includes two distinctive targeting moti...

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11 - A subtype of non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases that contain two SRC HOMOLOGY DOMAINS. Mutat...

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 12 - A subtype of non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases that is characterized by the presence of a N...

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 13 - A subtype of non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases that is characterized by the presence of an ...

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 2 - A subtype of non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase that is closely-related to PROTEIN TYROSINE P...

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 22 - A subtype of non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases that is characterized by the presence of an ...

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 3 - A subtype of non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases that is characterized by the presence of an ...

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 4 - A subtype of non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases that is characterized by the presence of an ...

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 - A Src-homology domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase found in the CYTOSOL of hematopoietic ...

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases - An enzyme group that specifically dephosphorylates phosphotyrosyl residues in selected proteins. Tog...

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor - A subcategory of protein tyrosine phosphatases that occur in the CYTOPLASM. Many of the proteins in ...

Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases - Enzymes that catalyze the methylation of arginine residues of proteins to yield N-mono- and N,N-dime...

Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory - Peptides and proteins found in BODILY SECRETIONS and BODY FLUIDS that are PROTEASE INHIBITORS. They ...

Protein-Energy Malnutrition - The lack of sufficient energy or protein to meet the body's metabolic demands, as a result of either...

Protein-Losing Enteropathies - Pathological conditions in the INTESTINES that are characterized by the gastrointestinal loss of ser...

Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase - An enzyme oxidizing peptidyl-lysyl-peptide in the presence of water & molecular oxygen to yield pept...

Proteins - Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, clea...

Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases - A group of enzymes that catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues in proteins, w...

Protein-Tyrosine Kinases - Protein kinases that catalyze the PHOSPHORYLATION of TYROSINE residues in proteins with ATP or other...

Proteinuria - The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES....

Proteobacteria - A phylum of bacteria consisting of the purple bacteria and their relatives which form a branch of th...

Proteochondroitin Sulfates - Proteoglycans found in cartilage. They consist of several chondroitin sulfate molecules linked to pr...

Proteoglycans - Glycoproteins which have a very high polysaccharide content....

Proteolipids - Protein-lipid combinations abundant in brain tissue, but also present in a wide variety of animal an...

Proteome - The protein complement of an organism coded for by its genome....

Proteomics - The systematic study of the complete complement of proteins (PROTEOME) of organisms....

Proteostasis Deficiencies - Disorders caused by imbalances in the protein homeostasis network - synthesis, folding, and transpor...

Protestantism - The name given to all Christian denominations, sects, or groups rising out of the Reformation. Prot...

Proteus - A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that occurs in the intestines...

Proteus Infections - Infections with bacteria of the genus PROTEUS....

Proteus mirabilis - A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that is frequently isolated...

Proteus penneri - A genus of gram-negative bacteria isolated from individuals in LONG-TERM CARE facilities and HOSPITA...

Proteus Syndrome - Hamartoneoplastic malformation syndrome of uncertain etiology characterized by partial GIGANTISM of ...

Proteus vulgaris - A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that occurs in soil, fecal ...

Prothionamide - Antitubercular agent similar in action and side effects to ETHIONAMIDE. It is used mostly in combina...

Prothrombin - A plasma protein that is the inactive precursor of thrombin. It is converted to thrombin by a prothr...

Prothrombin Time - Clotting time of PLASMA recalcified in the presence of excess TISSUE THROMBOPLASTIN. Factors measure...

Protocatechuate-3,4-Dioxygenase - An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of protocatechuate to 3-carboxy-cis-cis-muconate in the prese...

Protochlorophyllide - A photo-active pigment localized in prolamellar bodies occurring within the proplastids of dark-grow...

Proton Pump Inhibitors - Compounds that inhibit H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE. They are used as ANTI-ULCER AGENTS and sometimes...

Proton Pumps - Integral membrane proteins that transport protons across a membrane. This transport can be linked to...

Proton-Motive Force - Energy that is generated by the transfer of protons or electrons across an energy-transducing membra...

Proton-Phosphate Symporters - Proteins that cotransport hydrogen ions and phosphate ions across cellular membranes....

Protons - Stable elementary particles having the smallest known positive charge, found in the nuclei of all el...

Proton-Translocating ATPases - Multisubunit enzymes that reversibly synthesize ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE. They are coupled to the tran...

Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1 - An ets proto-oncogene expressed primarily in adult LYMPHOID TISSUE; BRAIN; and VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL ...

Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-2 - A ubiquitously expressed ets proto-oncogene protein that may play a role in regulation of CELL PROLI...

Proto-Oncogene Protein c-fli-1 - A member of the c-ets family of transcription factors that is preferentially expressed in cells of h...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins - Products of proto-oncogenes. Normally they do not have oncogenic or transforming properties, but are...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins A-raf - A raf kinase subclass expressed primarily in non-neuronal tissues such as SKELETAL MUSCLE. The A-raf...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf - A raf kinase subclass found at high levels in neuronal tissue. The B-raf Kinases are MAP kinase kina...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl - Non-receptor tyrosine kinases encoded by the C-ABL GENES. They are distributed in both the cytoplasm...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - A protein-serine-threonine kinase that is activated by PHOSPHORYLATION in response to GROWTH FACTORS...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - Membrane proteins encoded by the BCL-2 GENES and serving as potent inhibitors of cell death by APOPT...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 - A DNA-binding protein that represses GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of target genes by recruiting HISTONE DEA...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcr - Proto-oncogene protein bcr is a serine-threonine kinase that functions as a negative regulator of CE...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-cbl - Proto-oncogene proteins that negatively regulate RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE signaling. It is a...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-crk - Signal transducing adaptor proteins that contain SRC HOMOLOGY DOMAINS and play a role in CYTOSKELETO...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets - A family of transcription factors that share a unique DNA-binding domain. The name derives from vira...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fes - Proto-oncogene proteins fes are protein-tyrosine kinases with a central SH2 DOMAIN. It has been impl...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the c-fos genes (GENES, FOS). They are involved in growth-r...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn - Src-family kinases that associate with T-CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTOR and phosphorylate a wide variety of i...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-hck - Members of the src-family tyrosine kinase family that are strongly expressed in MYELOID CELLS and B-...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun - Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the c-jun genes (GENES, JUN). They are involved in growth-r...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit - A protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is specific for STEM CELL FACTOR. This interaction is crucia...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-maf - Maf proto-oncogene protein is the major cellular homolog of the V-MAF ONCOGENE PROTEIN. It was the f...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 - An E3 UBIQUITIN LIGASE that interacts with and inhibits TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53. Its ability to...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met - Cell surface protein-tyrosine kinase receptors for HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR. They consist of an extr...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mos - Cellular proteins encoded by the c-mos genes (GENES, MOS). They function in the cell cycle to mainta...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb - Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the myb gene (GENES, MYB). They are expressed in a wide var...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc - Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the c-myc genes. They are normally involved in nucleic acid...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-pim-1 - Serine-threonine protein kinases that relay signals from CYTOKINE RECEPTORS and are involved in cont...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf - A ubiquitously expressed raf kinase subclass that plays an important role in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. T...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel - Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the rel gene (GENES, REL). They are expressed predominately...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret - Receptor protein-tyrosine kinases involved in the signaling of GLIAL CELL-LINE DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC ...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis - Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the sis gene (GENES, SIS). c-sis proteins make up the B cha...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav - Proto-oncogene proteins that are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for RHO GTPASES. They also func...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-yes - Members of the src-family tyrosine kinases that are activated during the transition from G2 PHASE to...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) - Cellular proteins encoded by the H-ras, K-ras and N-ras genes. The proteins have GTPase activity and...

Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) - Membrane-associated tyrosine-specific kinases encoded by the c-src genes. They have an important rol...

Proto-Oncogenes - Normal cellular genes homologous to viral oncogenes. The products of proto-oncogenes are important r...

Protoporphyria, Erythropoietic - An autosomal dominant porphyria that is due to a deficiency of FERROCHELATASE (heme synthetase) in b...

Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase - A membrane-bound flavoenzyme that catalyzes the oxygen-dependent aromatization of protoporphyrinogen...

Protoporphyrins - Porphyrins with four methyl, two vinyl, and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole r...

Prototheca - A genus of achlorophyllic algae in the family Chlorellaceae, and closely related to CHLORELLA. It is...

Protoveratrines - Mixtures of closely related hypotensive alkaloids from Veratrum album (Liliaceae). They have been us...

Protozoan Infections - Infections with unicellular organisms formerly members of the subkingdom Protozoa....

Protozoan Infections, Animal - Infections with unicellular organisms formerly members of the subkingdom Protozoa. The infections ma...

Protozoan Proteins - Proteins found in any species of protozoan....

Protozoan Vaccines - Suspensions of attenuated or killed protozoa administered for the prevention or treatment of infecti...

Protriptyline - Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation...

Proventriculus - A thin-walled, glandular stomach found in birds. It precedes the gizzard....

Providencia - Gram-negative rods isolated from human urine and feces....

Provider-Sponsored Organizations - Entities sponsored by local hospitals, physician groups, and other licensed providers which are affi...

Proviruses - Duplex DNA sequences in eukaryotic chromosomes, corresponding to the genome of a virus, that are tra...

Proxy - A person authorized to decide or act for another person, for example, a person having durable power ...

PrP 27-30 Protein - Protease-resistant core of PrPSC, the abnormal isoform of prion proteins (PRIONS). PrP 27-30 is prod...

PrPC Proteins - Normal cellular isoform of prion proteins (PRIONS) encoded by a chromosomal gene and found in normal...

PrPSc Proteins - Abnormal isoform of prion proteins (PRIONS) resulting from a posttranslational modification of the c...

Prune Belly Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by abdominal wall musculature deficiency, cryptorchism, and urinary tract a...

Prunella - A plant genus of the family LAMIACEAE. Members contain TRITERPENES. Heal all is another common name....

Prunus - A plant genus in the family ROSACEAE, order Rosales, subclass Rosidae. It is best known as a source...

Prurigo - A name applied to several itchy skin eruptions of unknown cause. The characteristic course is the fo...

Pruritus - An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief....

Pruritus Ani - Intense chronic itching in the anal area....

Pruritus Vulvae - Intense itching of the external female genitals....

Prussia - Former state in north central Germany. Formally abolished March 1, 1947. Kingdom established 1701....

Prussian Blue Reaction - The reaction of potassium ferrocyanide with ferric iron to yield a dark blue precipitate at the site...

P-Selectin - Cell adhesion molecule and CD antigen that mediates the adhesion of neutrophils and monocytes to act...

Pseudallescheria - Ascomycetous fungi, family Microascaceae, order Microascales, commonly found in the soil. They are c...

Pseudarthrosis - A pathologic entity characterized by deossification of a weight-bearing long bone, followed by bendi...

Pseudoalteromonas - A genus of GRAM-NEGATIVE AEROBIC BACTERIA of marine origin. Many species were formerly classified un...

Pseudobulbar Palsy - A syndrome characterized by DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, dysphonia, impairment of voluntary movements of t...

Pseudocholinesterase - An aspect of cholinesterases....

Pseudocowpox virus - A species of PARAPOXVIRUS causing a pox-like disease on udders of cows that may spread to milkers....

Pseudoephedrine - A phenethylamine that is an isomer of EPHEDRINE which has less central nervous system effects and us...

Pseudogenes - Genes bearing close resemblance to known genes at different loci, but rendered non-functional by add...

Pseudohermaphroditism - A condition of sexual ambiguity in which the individual (pseudohermaphrodite) possesses gonadal tiss...

Pseudohypoaldosteronism - A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by renal electrolyte transport dysfunctions. Congen...

Pseudohypoparathyroidism - A hereditary condition clinically resembling HYPOPARATHYROIDISM, but caused by failure of response t...

Pseudolymphoma - A group of disorders having a benign course but exhibiting clinical and histological features sugges...

Pseudomonadaceae - A family of gram-negative bacteria usually found in soil or water and including many plant pathogens...

Pseudomonas - A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature. Some species ar...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa - A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens (...

Pseudomonas alcaligenes - A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus PSEUDOMONAS. It cannot utilize FRUCTOSE; GLUCOSE; o...

Pseudomonas fluorescens - A species of nonpathogenic fluorescent bacteria found in feces, sewage, soil, and water, and which l...

Pseudomonas fragi - A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria in the genus PSEUDOMONAS. It has a characteristic straw...

Pseudomonas Infections - Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS....

Pseudomonas mendocina - A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus PSEUDOMONAS, which is found in SOIL and WATER....

Pseudomonas oleovorans - A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus PSEUDOMONAS. It is isolated from oil-water emulsion...

Pseudomonas Phages - Viruses whose host is Pseudomonas. A frequently encountered Pseudomonas phage is BACTERIOPHAGE PHI 6...

Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes - A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus PSEUDOMONAS. All strains can utilize FRUCTOSE for e...

Pseudomonas putida - A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria isolated from soil and water as well as clinical specim...

Pseudomonas stutzeri - A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus PSEUDOMONAS, containing multiple genomovars. It is ...

Pseudomonas syringae - A species of gram-negative, fluorescent, phytopathogenic bacteria in the genus PSEUDOMONAS. It is di...

Pseudomonas Vaccines - Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent or treat PSEUDOMONAS INFECTIONS....

Pseudomyxoma Peritonei - A condition characterized by poorly-circumscribed gelatinous masses filled with malignant mucin-secr...

Pseudophakia - Presence of an intraocular lens after cataract extraction....

Pseudopodia - A dynamic actin-rich extension of the surface of an animal cell used for locomotion or prehension of...

Pseudopregnancy - An acyclic state that resembles PREGNANCY in that there is no ovarian cycle, ESTROUS CYCLE, or MENST...

Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism - A genetically related form of PSEUDOHYPOPARATHYROIDISM characterized by the same features except for...

Pseudorabies - A highly contagious herpesvirus infection affecting the central nervous system of swine, cattle, dog...

Pseudorabies Vaccines - Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent PSEUDORABIES (Aujeszky's disease), a herpesvirus of s...

Pseudotsuga - A plant genus in the family PINACEAE, order Pinales, class Pinopsida, division Coniferophyta. They ...

Pseudotumor Cerebri - A condition marked by raised intracranial pressure and characterized clinically by HEADACHES; NAUSEA...

Pseudowintera - A plant genus of the family WINTERACEAE. Members contain polygodial....

Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum - An inherited disorder of connective tissue with extensive degeneration and calcification of ELASTIC ...

Psidium - A plant genus of the family MYRTACEAE that bears an edible fruit and contains guavin B and quercetin...

Psilocybe - A genus of small mushrooms in the family Strophariaceae. Some species are known for their hallucinog...

Psilocybine - The major of two hallucinogenic components of Teonanacatl, the sacred mushroom of Mexico, the other ...

Psittaciformes - An order of BIRDS comprised of several families and more than 300 species. It includes COCKATOOS; PA...

Psittacosis - Infection with CHLAMYDOPHILA PSITTACI (formerly Chlamydia psittaci), transmitted to humans by inhala...

Psittacula - A genus in the family PSITTACIDAE containing three species of PARAKEETS: the Derbyan, the Alexandrin...

Psoas Abscess - Abscess of the PSOAS MUSCLES resulting usually from disease of the lumbar vertebrae, with the pus de...

Psoas Muscles - A powerful flexor of the thigh at the hip joint (psoas major) and a weak flexor of the trunk and lum...

Psoralea - A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that is a source of psoralen (FICUSIN)....

Psoralens - Linear furanocoumarins which are found in many PLANTS, especially UMBELLIFERAE and RUTACEAE, as well...

Psoriasis - A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythem...

Psoroptidae - Family of parasitic MITES, in the superfamily Sarcoptoidea, order Astigmata. Genera include Psoropte...

Psychiatric Aides - Persons who assist in the routine care of psychiatric persons, usually under the supervision of the ...

Psychiatric Department, Hospital - Hospital department responsible for the organization and administration of psychiatric services....

Psychiatric Nursing - A specialty concerned with the application of psychiatric principles in caring for the mentally ill....

Psychiatric Somatic Therapies - The biologic treatment of mental disorders (e.g., ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY), in contrast with psych...

Psychiatric Status Rating Scales - Standardized procedures utilizing rating scales or interview schedules carried out by health personn...

Psychiatry - The medical science that deals with the origin, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disor...

Psychoacoustics - The science pertaining to the interrelationship of psychologic phenomena and the individual's respon...

Psychoanalysis - The separation or resolution of the psyche into its constituent elements. The term has two separate ...

Psychoanalytic Interpretation - Utilization of Freudian theories to explain various psychologic aspects of art, literature, biograph...

Psychoanalytic Theory - Conceptual system developed by Freud and his followers in which unconscious motivations are consider...

Psychoanalytic Therapy - A form of psychiatric treatment, based on Freudian principles, which seeks to eliminate or diminish ...

Psychodidae - Small, hairy, moth-like flies which are of considerable public health importance as vectors of certa...

Psychodrama - Primarily a technique of group psychotherapy which involves a structured, directed, and dramatized a...

Psycholinguistics - A discipline concerned with relations between messages and the characteristics of individuals who se...

Psychological Phenomena and Processes - Mechanisms and underlying psychological principles of mental processes and their applications....

Psychological Techniques - Methods used in the diagnosis and treatment of behavioral, personality, and mental disorders....

Psychological Tests - Standardized tests designed to measure abilities, as in intelligence, aptitude, and achievement test...

Psychological Theory - Principles applied to the analysis and explanation of psychological or behavioral phenomena....

Psychological Warfare - The manipulation of psychological influences, primarily concerned with morale, to strengthen the abi...

Psychology - The science dealing with the study of mental processes and behavior in man and animals....

Psychology, Applied - The science which utilizes psychologic principles to derive more effective means in dealing with pra...

Psychology, Clinical - The branch of psychology concerned with psychological methods of recognizing and treating behavior d...

Psychology, Comparative - The branch of psychology concerned with similarities or differences in the behavior of different ani...

Psychology, Educational - The branch of psychology concerned with psychological aspects of teaching and the formal learning pr...

Psychology, Experimental - The branch of psychology which seeks to learn more about the fundamental causes of behavior by study...

Psychology, Industrial - The branch of applied psychology concerned with the application of psychologic principles and method...

Psychology, Medical - A branch of psychology in which there is collaboration between psychologists and physicians in the m...

Psychology, Military - The branch of applied psychology concerned with psychological aspects of selection, assignment, trai...

Psychology, Social - The branch of psychology concerned with the effects of group membership upon the behavior, attitudes...

Psychometrics - Assessment of psychological variables by the application of mathematical procedures....

Psychomotor Agitation - A feeling of restlessness associated with increased motor activity. This may occur as a manifestatio...

Psychomotor Disorders - Abnormalities of motor function that are associated with organic and non-organic cognitive disorders...

Psychomotor Performance - The coordination of a sensory or ideational (cognitive) process and a motor activity....

Psychoneuroimmunology - The field concerned with the interrelationship between the brain, behavior and the immune system. Ne...

Psychopathology - The study of significant causes and processes in the development of mental illness....

Psychopharmacology - The study of the effects of drugs on mental and behavioral activity....

Psychophysics - The science dealing with the correlation of the physical characteristics of a stimulus, e.g., freque...

Psychophysiologic Disorders - A group of disorders characterized by physical symptoms that are affected by emotional factors and i...

Psychophysiology - The study of the physiological basis of human and animal behavior....

Psychoses, Alcoholic - A group of mental disorders associated with organic brain damage and caused by poisoning from alcoho...

Psychoses, Substance-Induced - Psychotic organic mental disorders resulting from the toxic effect of drugs and chemicals or other h...

Psychosexual Development - The stages of development of the psychological aspects of sexuality from birth to adulthood; i.e., o...

Psychosine - An intermediate in the biosynthesis of cerebrosides. It is formed by reaction of sphingosine with UD...

Psychosocial Deprivation - The absence of appropriate stimuli in the physical or social environment which are necessary for the...

Psychosomatic Medicine - A system of medicine which aims at discovering the exact nature of the relationship between the emot...

Psychosurgery - Treatment of chronic, severe and intractable psychiatric disorders by surgical removal or interrupti...

Psychotherapeutic Processes - Experiential, attitudinal, emotional, or behavioral phenomena occurring during the course of treatme...

Psychotherapy - A generic term for the treatment of mental illness or emotional disturbances primarily by verbal or ...

Psychotherapy, Brief - Any form of psychotherapy designed to produce therapeutic change within a minimal amount of time, ge...

Psychotherapy, Group - A form of therapy in which two or more patients participate under the guidance of one or more psycho...

Psychotherapy, Multiple - The use of more than one therapist at one time in individual or group psychotherapy....

Psychotherapy, Rational-Emotive - The replacement of illogical and unrealistic ideas with more realistic and adaptive ones through dir...

Psychotic Disorders - Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with d...

Psychotria - A plant genus of the family RUBIACEAE. Members contain psychotridine and brachycerine (indole alkalo...

Psychotropic Drugs - A loosely defined grouping of drugs that have effects on psychological function. Here the psychotrop...

Psychrobacter - A genus of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria in the family MORAXELLACEAE, associated with processed ME...

Psyllium - Dried, ripe seeds of Plantago psyllium, P. indica, and P. ovata (Plantaginaceae). Plantain seeds swe...

PTEN Phosphohydrolase - A lipid phosphatase that acts on phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate to regulate various SIGNAL...

Pteridaceae - A plant family of the order Polypodiales, class Filicopsida, division Pteridophyta (FERNS)....

Pteridines - Compounds based on pyrazino[2,3-d]pyrimidine which is a pyrimidine fused to a pyrazine, containing f...

Pteridium - A plant genus of the family DENNSTAEDTIACEAE. Members contain ptaquiloside, braxin A1, and braxin B....

Pterins - Compounds based on 2-amino-4-hydroxypteridine....

Pteris - A plant genus of the family PTERIDACEAE. Members contain entkaurane DITERPENES. The name is similar ...

Pterocarpans - A group of compounds which can be described as benzo-pyrano-furano-benzenes which can be formed from...

Pterocarpus - A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Members contain TRITERPENES....

Pteroylpolyglutamic Acids - Derivatives of folic acid (pteroylglutamic acid). In gamma-glutamyl linkage they are found in many t...

Pterygium - An abnormal triangular fold of membrane in the interpalpebral fissure, extending from the conjunctiv...

Pterygoid Muscles - Two of the masticatory muscles: the internal, or medial, pterygoid muscle and external, or lateral, ...

Pterygopalatine Fossa - A small space in the skull between the MAXILLA and the SPHENOID BONE, medial to the pterygomaxillary...

Puberty - A period in the human life in which the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system tak...

Puberty, Delayed - The lack of development of SEXUAL MATURATION in boys and girls at a chronological age that is 2.5 st...

Puberty, Precocious - Development of SEXUAL MATURATION in boys and girls at a chronological age that is 2.5 standard devia...

Pubic Symphysis Diastasis - Separation of the PUBIC SYMPHYSIS. It is an uncommon complication of CHILDBIRTH causing postpartum P...

Public Assistance - Financial assistance to impoverished persons for the essentials of living through federal, state or ...

Public Facilities - An area of recreation or hygiene for use by the public....

Public Health - Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and control of disease and disability, and the prom...

Public Health Administration - Management of public health organizations or agencies....

Public Health Dentistry - A dental specialty concerned with the prevention of disease and the maintenance of oral health throu...

Public Health Informatics - The systematic application of information and computer sciences to public health practice, research,...

Public Health Nursing - The field of nursing focusing on the health of the community through educational and preventive prog...

Public Health Practice - The activities and endeavors of the public health services in a community on any level....

Public Housing - Housing subsidized by tax funds, usually intended for low income persons or families....

Public Opinion - The attitude of a significant portion of a population toward any given proposition, based upon a mea...

Public Policy - A course or method of action selected, usually by a government, from among alternatives to guide and...

Public Relations - Relations of an individual, association, organization, hospital, or corporation with the publics whi...

Public Sector - The area of a nation's economy that is tax-supported and under government control....

Publication Bias - The influence of study results on the chances of publication and the tendency of investigators, revi...

Publication Components - Specific parts of publications....

Publication Formats - Specific genre of publication....

Publications - Copies of a work or document distributed to the public by sale, rental, lease, or lending. (From ALA...

Public-Private Sector Partnerships - An organizational enterprise between a public sector agency, federal, state or local, and a private ...

Published Erratum - Work consisting of an acknowledgment of an error, issued by a publisher, editor, or author. It custo...

Publishing - "The business or profession of the commercial production and issuance of literature" (Webster's 3d)....

PubMed - A bibliographic database that includes MEDLINE as its primary subset. It is produced by the National...

Pueraria - A plant genus of the family FABACEAE a common weed of the southeast US. There has been folk use for ...

Puerperal Disorders - Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PAR...

Puerperal Infection - An infection occurring in PUERPERIUM, the period of 6-8 weeks after giving birth....

Puerto Rico - An island in the Greater Antilles in the West Indies. Its capital is San Juan. It is a self-governin...

Pulicaria - A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Members contain pulicanadienes and other cytotoxic SESQUITER...

Pulmonaria - A plant genus of the family BORAGINACEAE....

Pulmonary Adenomatosis, Ovine - A contagious, neoplastic, pulmonary disease of sheep characterized by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of...

Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis - A PULMONARY ALVEOLI-filling disease, characterized by dense phospholipoproteinaceous deposits in the...

Pulmonary Alveoli - Small polyhedral outpouchings along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bron...

Pulmonary Artery - The short wide vessel arising from the conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and conveying unaerat...

Pulmonary Aspergillosis - Infections of the respiratory tract with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS. Infections may result in al...

Pulmonary Atelectasis - Absence of air in the entire or part of a lung, such as an incompletely inflated neonate lung or a c...

Pulmonary Atresia - A congenital heart defect characterized by the narrowing or complete absence of the opening between ...

Pulmonary Blastoma - A malignant neoplasm of the lung composed chiefly or entirely of immature undifferentiated cells (i....

Pulmonary Circulation - The circulation of the BLOOD through the LUNGS....

Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity - The amount of a gas taken up, by the pulmonary capillary blood from the alveolar gas, per minute per...

Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC...

Pulmonary Edema - Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying dis...

Pulmonary Embolism - Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS....

Pulmonary Emphysema - Enlargement of air spaces distal to the TERMINAL BRONCHIOLES where gas-exchange normally takes place...

Pulmonary Eosinophilia - A condition characterized by infiltration of the lung with EOSINOPHILS due to inflammation or other ...

Pulmonary Fibrosis - A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causin...

Pulmonary Gas Exchange - The exchange of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood that oc...

Pulmonary Heart Disease - Hypertrophy and dilation of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart that is caused by PULMONARY HYPERTENSIO...

Pulmonary Infarction - NECROSIS of lung tissue that is cause by the lack of OXYGEN or blood supply. The most common cause o...

Pulmonary Medicine - A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the study of the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. It is especi...

Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma - A benign neoplasm of pneumocytes, cells of the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Originally considered to be vascul...

Pulmonary Stretch Receptors - Stretch receptors found in the bronchi and bronchioles. Pulmonary stretch receptors are sensors for ...

Pulmonary Subvalvular Stenosis - Narrowing below the PULMONARY VALVE or well below it in the infundibuluar chamber where the pulmonar...

Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A - An abundant pulmonary surfactant-associated protein that binds to a variety of lung pathogens, resul...

Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein B - A pulmonary surfactant associated-protein that plays an essential role in alveolar stability by lowe...

Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein C - A pulmonary surfactant associated protein that plays a role in alveolar stability by lowering the su...

Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D - An abundant pulmonary surfactant-associated protein that binds to a variety of lung pathogens and en...

Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins - Proteins found in the LUNG that act as PULMONARY SURFACTANTS....

Pulmonary Surfactants - Substances and drugs that lower the SURFACE TENSION of the mucoid layer lining the PULMONARY ALVEOLI...

Pulmonary Surgical Procedures - Surgery performed on the lung....

Pulmonary Valve - A valve situated at the entrance to the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle....

Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency - Backflow of blood from the PULMONARY ARTERY into the RIGHT VENTRICLE due to imperfect closure of the...

Pulmonary Valve Stenosis - The pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the PULMONARY VALVE. This lesion restricts blood outflow ...

Pulmonary Veins - The veins that return the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart....

Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease - Pathological process resulting in the fibrous obstruction of the small- and medium-sized PULMONARY V...

Pulmonary Ventilation - The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute....

Pulmonary Wedge Pressure - The blood pressure as recorded after wedging a CATHETER in a small PULMONARY ARTERY; believed to ref...

Pulpitis - Inflammation of the DENTAL PULP, usually due to bacterial infection in dental caries, tooth fracture...

Pulsatile Flow - Rhythmic, intermittent propagation of a fluid through a BLOOD VESSEL or piping system, in contrast t...

Pulsatilla - A plant genus of the family RANUNCULACEAE. Members contain cernuosides and other oleanane and hedera...

Pulse - The rhythmical expansion and contraction of an ARTERY produced by waves of pressure caused by the ej...

Pulse Radiolysis - Use of a pulse of X-rays or fast electrons to generate free radicals for spectroscopic examination....

Pulse Therapy, Drug - Administration of high doses of pharmaceuticals over short periods of time....

Pulvinar - Large mass of nuclei forming the most caudal portion of the thalamus and overhanging the geniculate ...

Pulvinus - A group of cells at the base of a leaf in certain plants that, by rapidly losing water, brings about...

Puma - A genus in the family FELIDAE comprising one species, Puma concolor. It is a large, long-tailed, fel...

Punctures - Incision of tissues for injection of medication or for other diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. P...

Punicaceae - A plant family of the order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida that is a small family w...

Punishment - The application of an unpleasant stimulus or penalty for the purpose of eliminating or correcting un...

Pupa - An inactive stage between the larval and adult stages in the life cycle of insects....

Pupil - The aperture in the iris through which light passes....

Pupil Disorders - Conditions which affect the structure or function of the pupil of the eye, including disorders of in...

Purchasing, Hospital - Hospital department responsible for the purchasing of supplies and equipment....

Pure Autonomic Failure - A degenerative disease of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM that is characterized by idiopathic ORTHOSTAT...

Purine Nucleosides - Purines with a RIBOSE attached that can be phosphorylated to PURINE NUCLEOTIDES....

Purine Nucleotides - Purines attached to a RIBOSE and a phosphate that can polymerize to form DNA and RNA....

Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase - An enzyme that catalyzes the reaction between a purine nucleoside and orthophosphate to form a free ...

Purines - A series of heterocyclic compounds that are variously substituted in nature and are known also as pu...

Purkinje Cells - The output neurons of the cerebellar cortex....

Purkinje Fibers - Modified cardiac muscle fibers composing the terminal portion of the heart conduction system....

Puromycin - A cinnamamido ADENOSINE found in STREPTOMYCES alboniger. It inhibits protein synthesis by binding to...

Puromycin Aminonucleoside - PUROMYCIN derivative that lacks the methoxyphenylalanyl group on the amine of the sugar ring. It is ...

Purple Membrane - Functionally and structurally differentiated, purple-pigmented regions of the cytoplasmic membrane o...

Purpura - Purplish or brownish red discoloration, easily visible through the epidermis, caused by hemorrhage i...

Purpura Fulminans - A severe, rapidly fatal reaction occurring most commonly in children following an infectious illness...

Purpura, Hyperglobulinemic - Purplish or brownish red discoloration of the skin associated with increase in circulating polyclona...

Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch - A systemic non-thrombocytopenic purpura caused by HYPERSENSITIVITY VASCULITIS and deposition of IGA-...

Purpura, Thrombocytopenic - Any form of purpura in which the PLATELET COUNT is decreased. Many forms are thought to be caused by...

Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic - Thrombocytopenia occurring in the absence of toxic exposure or a disease associated with decreased p...

Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic - An acquired, congenital, or familial disorder caused by PLATELET AGGREGATION with THROMBOSIS in term...

Pursuit, Smooth - Eye movements that are slow, continuous, and conjugate and occur when a fixed object is moved slowly...

Putamen - The largest and most lateral of the basal ganglia lying between the lateral medullary lamina of the ...

Putaminal Hemorrhage - Intracranial bleeding into the PUTAMEN, a BASAL GANGLIA nucleus. This is associated with HYPERTENSIO...

Putrescine - A toxic diamine formed by putrefaction from the decarboxylation of arginine and ornithine....

Puumala virus - A species of HANTAVIRUS causing nephropathia epidemica, a mild form of HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL ...

PUVA Therapy - Photochemotherapy using a psoralen compound as the photosensitizing agent and ultraviolet light type...

Pycnoporus - A genus of basidiomyceteous fungi in the family POLYPORACEAE. The species all contain bright orange,...

Pyelitis - Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and KIDNEY CALICES where urine is collected before discharge, but ...

Pyelocystitis - Inflammation of the KIDNEY PELVIS and the URINARY BLADDER....

Pyelonephritis - Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY ...

Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous - A chronic inflammatory condition of the KIDNEY resulting in diffuse renal destruction, a grossly enl...

Pygeum - A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE. Bark extract of P. africanum is an ingredient of folk remedies...

Pyloric Antrum - The region between the sharp indentation at the lower third of the STOMACH (incisura angularis) and ...

Pyloric Stenosis - Narrowing of the pyloric canal with varied etiology. A common form is due to muscle hypertrophy (PYL...

Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic - Narrowing of the pyloric canal due to HYPERTROPHY of the surrounding circular muscle. It is usually ...

Pylorus - The region of the STOMACH at the junction with the DUODENUM. It is marked by the thickening of circu...

Pyocins - Bacteriocins elaborated by mutant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. They are protein or protein-lip...

Pyocyanine - Antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa....

Pyoderma - Any purulent skin disease (Dorland, 27th ed)....

Pyoderma Gangrenosum - An idiopathic, rapidly evolving, and severely debilitating disease occurring most commonly in associ...

Pyometra - An accumulation of PUS in the uterine cavity (UTERUS). Pyometra generally indicates the presence of ...

Pyomyositis - An intramuscular suppuration of the large skeletal muscle groups. It is associated with INFECTION su...

Pyonephrosis - Distention of KIDNEY with the presence of PUS and suppurative destruction of the renal parenchyma. I...

Pyracantha - A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE widely cultivated as a prickly hedge with bright red berries. ...

Pyramidal Cells - Projection neurons in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus. Pyramidal cells have a pyramid-shaped...

Pyramidal Tracts - Fibers that arise from cells within the cerebral cortex, pass through the medullary pyramid, and des...

Pyran Copolymer - Copolymer of divinyl ether and maleic anhydride that acts as an immunostimulant with antineoplastic ...

Pyranocoumarins - A type of COUMARINS with added pyran ring(s)....

Pyrantel - A depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking agent, that causes persistent nicotinic activation resulting i...

Pyrantel Pamoate - Broad spectrum antinematodal anthelmintic used also in veterinary medicine....

Pyrantel Tartrate - Broad spectrum anthelmintic for livestock....

Pyrazinamide - A pyrazine that is used therapeutically as an antitubercular agent....

Pyrazoles - Azoles of two nitrogens at the 1,2 positions, next to each other, in contrast with IMIDAZOLES in whi...

Pyrazolones - Compounds with a five-membered heterocyclic ring with two nitrogens and a keto OXYGEN. Some are inhi...

Pyrenes - A group of condensed ring hydrocarbons....

Pyrethrins - The active insecticidal constituent of CHRYSANTHEMUM CINERARIIFOLIUM flowers. Pyrethrin I is the pyr...

Pyricularia grisea - The anamorphic form of the fungus MAGNAPORTHE GRISEA and the most important pathogen of rice worldwi...

Pyridines - Compounds with a six membered aromatic ring containing NITROGEN. The saturated version is PIPERIDINE...

Pyridinolcarbamate - A drug that has been given by mouth in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders...

Pyridones - Pyridine derivatives with one or more keto groups on the ring....

Pyridostigmine Bromide - A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in...

Pyridoxal - The 4-carboxyaldehyde form of VITAMIN B 6 which is converted to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenz...

Pyridoxal Kinase - An enzyme that catalyzes reversibly the phosphorylation of pyridoxal in the presence of ATP with the...

Pyridoxal Phosphate - This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotran...

Pyridoxamine - The 4-aminomethyl form of VITAMIN B 6. During transamination of amino acids, PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE is...

Pyridoxaminephosphate Oxidase - An enzyme catalyzing the deamination of pyridoxaminephosphate to pyridoxal phosphate. It is a flavop...

Pyridoxic Acid - The catabolic product of most of VITAMIN B 6; (PYRIDOXINE; PYRIDOXAL; and PYRIDOXAMINE) which is exc...

Pyridoxine - The 4-methanol form of VITAMIN B 6 which is converted to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for...

Pyriform Sinus - A recess on each side in the wall of the HYPOPHARYNX....

Pyrilamine - A histamine H1 antagonist. It has mild hypnotic properties and some local anesthetic action and is u...

Pyrimethamine - One of the FOLIC ACID ANTAGONISTS that is used as an antimalarial or with a sulfonamide to treat tox...

Pyrimidine Dimers - Dimers found in DNA chains damaged by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They consist of two adjacent PYRIMIDINE NUCL...

Pyrimidine Nucleosides - Pyrimidines with a RIBOSE attached that can be phosphorylated to PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES....

Pyrimidine Nucleotides - Pyrimidines with a RIBOSE and phosphate attached that can polymerize to form DNA and RNA....

Pyrimidines - A family of 6-membered heterocyclic compounds occurring in nature in a wide variety of forms. They i...

Pyrithiamine - A thiamine antagonist due to its inhibition of thiamine pyrophosphorylation. It is used to produce t...

Pyrithioxin - A neurotropic agent which reduces permeability of blood-brain barrier to phosphate. It has no vitami...

Pyrobaculum - A genus of rod-shaped, almost rectangular ARCHAEA, in the family THERMOPROTEACEAE. Organisms are fac...

Pyrococcus - A genus of strictly anaerobic ultrathermophilic archaea, in the family THERMOCOCCACEAE, occurring in...

Pyrococcus abyssi - A species of gram-negative hyperthermophilic ARCHAEA found in deep ocean hydrothermal vents. It is a...

Pyrococcus furiosus - A species of strictly anaerobic, hyperthermophilic archaea which lives in geothermally-heated marine...

Pyrococcus horikoshii - Anaerobic hyperthermophilic species of ARCHAEA, isolated from hydrothermal fluid samples. It is obli...

Pyrodictiaceae - A family of archaea, in the order DESULFUROCOCCALES consisting of anaerobic coccoid to disc-shaped c...

Pyrogallol - A trihydroxybenzene or dihydroxy phenol that can be prepared by heating GALLIC ACID....

Pyrogens - Substances capable of increasing BODY TEMPERATURE and cause FEVER and may be used for FEVER THERAPY....

Pyroglobulins - Atypical gamma immunoglobulins characterized by their irreversible heat denaturation at 56-degrees C...

Pyroglutamate Hydrolase - Hydrolyzes pyroglutamic acid in the presence of ATP to glutamate plus ADP and inorganic phosphate. D...

Pyroglutamyl-Peptidase I - An enzyme that catalyzes the release of a N-terminal pyroglutamyl group from a polypeptide provided ...

Pyroglyphidae - Family of house dust mites, in the superfamily Analgoidea, order Astigmata. They include the genera ...

Pyrola - A plant genus of the family PYROLACEAE. The common name of wintergreen is more often used for GAULTH...

Pyrolaceae - A plant family of the order Ericales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida....

Pyrones - Keto-pyrans....

Pyronine - Xanthene dye used as a bacterial and biological stain. Synonyms: Pyronin; Pyronine G; Pyronine Y. Us...

Pyrophosphatases - A group of enzymes within the class EC 3.6.1.- that catalyze the hydrolysis of diphosphate bonds, ch...

Pyrroles - Azoles of one NITROGEN and two double bonds that have aromatic chemical properties....

Pyrrolidinones - A group of compounds that are derivatives of oxo-pyrrolidines. A member of this group is 2-oxo pyrro...

Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid - A cyclized derivative of L-GLUTAMIC ACID. Elevated blood levels may be associated with problems of G...

Pyrroline Carboxylate Reductases - A group of enzymes that catalyze the reduction of 1-pyrroline carboxylate to proline in the presence...

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids - A group of ALKALOIDS, characterized by a nitrogen-containing necine, occurring mainly in plants of t...

Pyrrolnitrin - 3-Chloro-4-(3-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)pyrrole. Antifungal antibiotic isolated from Pseudomonas pyrrocin...

Pyrroloiminoquinones - Derivatives of QUINOLINES with fused PYRROLES and a keto group or INDOLEQUINONES with fused PIPERIDI...

Pyrularia - A plant genus of the family SANTALACEAE. Members contain thionin toxin, which shouldn't be confused ...

Pyrus - A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE known for the edible fruit....

Pyruvaldehyde - An organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanni...

Pyruvate Carboxylase - A biotin-dependent enzyme belonging to the ligase family that catalyzes the addition of CARBON DIOXI...

Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease - An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by absent or decreased PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE activit...

Pyruvate Decarboxylase - Catalyzes the decarboxylation of an alpha keto acid to an aldehyde and carbon dioxide. Thiamine pyro...

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide) - The E1 component of the multienzyme PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX. It is composed of 2 alpha subuni...

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide)-Phosphatase - (Pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide))-phosphate phosphohydrolase. A mitochondrial enzyme that catalyz...

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex - A multienzyme complex responsible for the formation of ACETYL COENZYME A from pyruvate. The enzyme c...

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease - An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE CO...

Pyruvate Kinase - ATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase. A phosphotransferase that catalyzes reversibly the phosphorylat...

Pyruvate Metabolism, Inborn Errors - Hereditary disorders of pyruvate metabolism. They are difficult to diagnose and describe because pyr...

Pyruvate Synthase - A ferredoxin-containing enzyme that catalyzes the COENZYME A-dependent oxidative decarboxylation of ...

Pyruvate, Orthophosphate Dikinase - An enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of ATP, pyruvate, and orthophosphate to form AMP plus phosphoe...

Pyruvic Acid - An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficie...

Pythium - A genus of destructive root-parasitic algae in the family Pythiaceae, order Peronosporales, commonly...

Pyuria - The presence of white blood cells (LEUKOCYTES) in the urine. It is often associated with bacterial i...

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