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Brain Diseases

Categorical breakdown of terms falling inder the category of Brain Diseases. Sub categories will become more specific in nature to the terms listed for Brain Diseases.

Sub-Categories

Terms

Acromegaly - A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excessive HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE in adults. It is characte...

ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma - A pituitary adenoma which secretes ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN, leading to CUSHING DISEASE....

Adrenoleukodystrophy - An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty ...

AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System - Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNOD...

AIDS Dementia Complex - A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by i...

Akinetic Mutism - A syndrome characterized by a silent and inert state without voluntary motor activity despite preser...

Alzheimer Disease - A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of ...

Amblyopia - A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision. Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-in...

Amnesia, Transient Global - A syndrome characterized by a transient loss of the ability to form new memories. It primarily occur...

Aphasia, Primary Progressive - A progressive form of dementia characterized by the global loss of language abilities and initial pr...

Argininosuccinic Aciduria - Rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea cycle which leads to the accumulation of argininosucci...

Ataxia Telangiectasia - An autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood, p...

Auditory Diseases, Central - Disorders of hearing or auditory perception due to pathological processes of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS i...

Auditory Perceptual Disorders - Acquired or developmental cognitive disorders of AUDITORY PERCEPTION characterized by a reduced abil...

Bardet-Biedl Syndrome - An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; POLYDACTYLY; OBESITY; MENTAL ...

Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease - A pathological condition caused by impaired blood flow in the basal regions of cerebral hemispheres ...

Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease - A pathological condition caused by impaired blood flow in the basal regions of cerebral hemispheres ...

Basal Ganglia Diseases - Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDA...

Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage - Bleeding within the subcortical regions of cerebral hemispheres (BASAL GANGLIA). It is often associa...

Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage - Bleeding within the subcortical regions of cerebral hemispheres (BASAL GANGLIA). It is often associa...

Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage - Bleeding within the subcortical regions of cerebral hemispheres (BASAL GANGLIA). It is often associa...

Brain Abscess - A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate in the brain, due to bacterial and other infections. ...

Brain Concussion - A nonspecific term used to describe transient alterations or loss of consciousness following closed ...

Brain Damage, Chronic - A condition characterized by long-standing brain dysfunction or damage, usually of three months dura...

Brain Death - A state of prolonged irreversible cessation of all brain activity, including lower brain stem functi...

Brain Diseases - Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the C...

Brain Diseases, Metabolic - Acquired or inborn metabolic diseases that produce brain dysfunction or damage. These include primar...

Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn - Brain disorders resulting from inborn metabolic errors, primarily from enzymatic defects which lead ...

Brain Edema - Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due ...

Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding within the brain as a result of penetrating and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Traum...

Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding within the brain as a result of penetrating and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Traum...

Brain Infarction - Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and th...

Brain Infarction - Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and th...

Brain Injuries - Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral h...

Brain Injury, Chronic - Conditions characterized by persistent brain damage or dysfunction as sequelae of cranial trauma. Th...

Brain Injury, Chronic - Conditions characterized by persistent brain damage or dysfunction as sequelae of cranial trauma. Th...

Brain Ischemia - Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfus...

Brain Neoplasms - Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemis...

Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding into structures of BRAIN STEM, including the MIDBRAIN; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA, as the r...

Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding into structures of BRAIN STEM, including the MIDBRAIN; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA, as the r...

Brain Stem Infarctions - Infarctions that occur in the BRAIN STEM which is comprised of the MIDBRAIN; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLON...

Brain Stem Infarctions - Infarctions that occur in the BRAIN STEM which is comprised of the MIDBRAIN; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLON...

Brain Stem Neoplasms - Benign and malignant intra-axial tumors of the MESENCEPHALON; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the BRAI...

CADASIL - A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of g...

CADASIL - A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of g...

CADASIL - A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of g...

Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease - A urea cycle disorder manifesting in infancy as lethargy, emesis, seizures, alterations of muscle to...

Carotid Artery Diseases - Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external...

Carotid Artery Injuries - Damages to the CAROTID ARTERIES caused either by blunt force or penetrating trauma, such as CRANIOCE...

Carotid Artery Injuries - Damages to the CAROTID ARTERIES caused either by blunt force or penetrating trauma, such as CRANIOCE...

Carotid Artery Thrombosis - Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlu...

Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection - The splitting of the vessel wall in one or both (left and right) internal carotid arteries (CAROTID ...

Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection - The splitting of the vessel wall in one or both (left and right) internal carotid arteries (CAROTID ...

Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection - The splitting of the vessel wall in one or both (left and right) internal carotid arteries (CAROTID ...

Carotid Stenosis - Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque...

Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula - An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a ve...

Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula - An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a ve...

Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula - An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a ve...

Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis - Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the CAVERNOUS SINUS of the brain. Infections of ...

Cerebellar Ataxia - Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characte...

Cerebellar Diseases - Diseases that affect the structure or function of the cerebellum. Cardinal manifestations of cerebel...

Cerebellar Neoplasms - Primary or metastatic neoplasms of the CEREBELLUM. Tumors in this location frequently present with A...

Cerebellar Neoplasms - Primary or metastatic neoplasms of the CEREBELLUM. Tumors in this location frequently present with A...

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy - A heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial disorders characterized by AMYLOID deposits in the wal...

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial - A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels ...

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial - A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels ...

Cerebral Arterial Diseases - Pathological conditions of intracranial ARTERIES supplying the CEREBRUM. These diseases often are du...

Cerebral Hemorrhage - Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. ...

Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the...

Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the...

Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the...

Cerebral Infarction - The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venou...

Cerebral Infarction - The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venou...

Cerebral Palsy - A heterogeneous group of nonprogressive motor disorders caused by chronic brain injuries that origin...

Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms - Neoplasms located in the brain ventricles, including the two lateral, the third, and the fourth vent...

Cerebrovascular Disorders - A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels ...

Cerebrovascular Trauma - Penetrating and nonpenetrating traumatic injuries to an extracranial or intracranial blood vessel th...

Chorea Gravidarum - A rare movement disorder developed during PREGNANCY, characterized by involuntary jerky motion (CHOR...

Choroid Plexus Neoplasms - Benign or malignant tumors which arise from the choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain. Papil...

Citrullinemia - A group of diseases related to a deficiency of the enzyme ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHASE which causes an...

Cluster Headache - A primary headache disorder that is characterized by severe, strictly unilateral PAIN which is orbit...

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome - A rare transmissible encephalopathy most prevalent between the ages of 50 and 70 years. Affected ind...

Dandy-Walker Syndrome - A congenital abnormality of the central nervous system marked by failure of the midline structures o...

Dandy-Walker Syndrome - A congenital abnormality of the central nervous system marked by failure of the midline structures o...

Dandy-Walker Syndrome - A congenital abnormality of the central nervous system marked by failure of the midline structures o...

Dementia - An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to in...

Dementia, Multi-Infarct - Loss of higher cortical functions with retained awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CE...

Dementia, Multi-Infarct - Loss of higher cortical functions with retained awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CE...

Dementia, Multi-Infarct - Loss of higher cortical functions with retained awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CE...

Dementia, Multi-Infarct - Loss of higher cortical functions with retained awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CE...

Dementia, Vascular - An imprecise term referring to dementia associated with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRA...

Dementia, Vascular - An imprecise term referring to dementia associated with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRA...

Dementia, Vascular - An imprecise term referring to dementia associated with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRA...

Dementia, Vascular - An imprecise term referring to dementia associated with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRA...

Diffuse Axonal Injury - A relatively common sequela of blunt head injury, characterized by a global disruption of axons thro...

Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder - A rare central nervous system demyelinating condition affecting children and young adults. Pathologi...

Diffuse Neurofibrillary Tangles with Calcification - A form of presenile DEMENTIA characterized by cortical dementia, NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES without SEN...

Dwarfism, Pituitary - A form of dwarfism caused by complete or partial GROWTH HORMONE deficiency, resulting from either th...

Dystonia Musculorum Deformans - A condition characterized by focal DYSTONIA that progresses to involuntary spasmodic contractions of...

Empty Sella Syndrome - A condition when the SELLA TURCICA is not filled with pituitary tissue. The pituitary gland is eithe...

Encephalitis - Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Vira...

Encephalomalacia - Softening or loss of brain tissue following CEREBRAL INFARCTION; cerebral ischemia (see BRAIN ISCHEM...

Encephalomyelitis - A general term indicating inflammation of the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD, often used to indicate an infec...

Epilepsia Partialis Continua - A variant of epilepsy characterized by continuous focal jerking of a body part over a period of hour...

Epilepsies, Myoclonic - A clinically diverse group of epilepsy syndromes characterized either by myoclonic seizures or by my...

Epilepsies, Partial - Conditions characterized by recurrent paroxysmal neuronal discharges which arise from a focal region...

Epilepsy - A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, diso...

Epilepsy, Absence - A childhood seizure disorder characterized by rhythmic electrical brain discharges of generalized on...

Epilepsy, Benign Neonatal - A condition marked by recurrent seizures that occur during the first 4-6 weeks of life despite an ot...

Epilepsy, Complex Partial - A disorder characterized by recurrent partial seizures marked by impairment of cognition. During the...

Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe - A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by seizures which arise in the frontal...

Epilepsy, Generalized - Recurrent conditions characterized by epileptic seizures which arise diffusely and simultaneously fr...

Epilepsy, Partial, Motor - A disorder characterized by recurrent localized paroxysmal discharges of cerebral neurons that give ...

Epilepsy, Partial, Sensory - A disorder characterized by recurrent focal onset seizures which have sensory (i.e., olfactory, visu...

Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic - Recurrent seizures causally related to CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Seizure onset may be immediate but is ...

Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic - Recurrent seizures causally related to CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Seizure onset may be immediate but is ...

Epilepsy, Reflex - A subtype of epilepsy characterized by seizures that are consistently provoked by a certain specific...

Epilepsy, Rolandic - An autosomal dominant inherited partial epilepsy syndrome with onset between age 3 and 13 years. Sei...

Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from ...

Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic - A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief to...

Fabry Disease - An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. I...

Farber Lipogranulomatosis - A sphingolipidosis subtype that is characterized by the histological appearance of granulomatous dep...

Friedreich Ataxia - An autosomal recessive disease, usually of childhood onset, characterized pathologically by degenera...

Frontotemporal Dementia - The most common clinical form of FRONTOTEMPORAL LOBAR DEGENERATION, this dementia presents with pers...

Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration - Heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by frontal and temporal lobe atroph...

Fucosidosis - An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of ALPHA-L-FUCOSIDASE activi...

Galactosemias - A group of inherited enzyme deficiencies which feature elevations of GALACTOSE in the blood. This co...

Gangliosidoses - A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDE...

Gangliosidoses, GM2 - A group of recessively inherited diseases characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2) ...

Gangliosidosis, GM1 - An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACT...

Gaucher Disease - An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE)...

Giant Cell Arteritis - A systemic autoimmune disorder that typically affects medium and large ARTERIES, usually leading to ...

Glycogen Storage Disease Type II - An autosomal recessively inherited glycogen storage disease caused by GLUCAN 1,4-ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE d...

Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma - A pituitary tumor that secretes GROWTH HORMONE. In humans, excess HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE leads to ACRO...

Hartnup Disease - An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intes...

Headache Disorders - Various conditions with the symptom of HEADACHE. Headache disorders are classified into major groups...

Headache Disorders, Primary - Conditions in which the primary symptom is HEADACHE and the headache cannot be attributed to any kno...

Headache Disorders, Secondary - Conditions with HEADACHE symptom that can be attributed to a variety of causes including BRAIN VASCU...

Hearing Loss, Central - Hearing loss due to disease of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS (in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM) which originate...

Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial - Accumulation of blood in the EPIDURAL SPACE between the SKULL and the DURA MATER, often as a result ...

Hematoma, Subdural - Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the ...

Hematoma, Subdural, Acute - Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with acute onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may ...

Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic - Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with delayed onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms ma...

Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial - Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE over the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE....

Hepatic Encephalopathy - A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, in...

Hepatolenticular Degeneration - A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CO...

Hepatolenticular Degeneration - A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CO...

Homocystinuria - Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHI...

Huntington Disease - A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progr...

Huntington Disease - A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progr...

Hydrocephalus - Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranium which may be associated with dilati...

Hydrocephalus - Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranium which may be associated with dilati...

Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure - A form of compensated hydrocephalus characterized clinically by a slowly progressive gait disorder (...

Hyperargininemia - A rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea cycle. It is caused by a deficiency of the hepatic e...

Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic - An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by deficiencies in the mitochondrial GLYCINE cleava...

Hyperlysinemias - A group of inherited metabolic disorders which have in common elevations of serum LYSINE levels. Enz...

Hyperpituitarism - Disease of the glandular, anterior portion of the pituitary (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR) resulting in...

Hyperprolactinemia - Increased levels of PROLACTIN in the BLOOD, which may be associated with AMENORRHEA and GALACTORRHEA...

Hypertensive Encephalopathy - Brain dysfunction or damage resulting from sustained MALIGNANT HYPERTENSION. When BLOOD PRESSURE exc...

Hypopituitarism - Diminution or cessation of secretion of one or more hormones from the anterior pituitary gland (incl...

Hypothalamic Diseases - Neoplastic, inflammatory, infectious, and other diseases of the hypothalamus. Clinical manifestation...

Hypothalamic Neoplasms - Benign and malignant tumors of the HYPOTHALAMUS. Pilocytic astrocytomas and hamartomas are relativel...

Hypothalamic Neoplasms - Benign and malignant tumors of the HYPOTHALAMUS. Pilocytic astrocytomas and hamartomas are relativel...

Hypoxia, Brain - A reduction in brain oxygen supply due to ANOXEMIA (a reduced amount of oxygen being carried in the ...

Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain - A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISC...

Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain - A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISC...

Inappropriate ADH Syndrome - A condition of HYPONATREMIA and renal salt loss attributed to overexpansion of BODY FLUIDS resulting...

Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery - NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY system, including branches such as Heubner's arte...

Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery - NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY system, including branches such as Heubner's arte...

Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery - NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY system, including branches such as Heubner's arte...

Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery - NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entir...

Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery - NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entir...

Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery - NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entir...

Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery - NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies por...

Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery - NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies por...

Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery - NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies por...

Infratentorial Neoplasms - Intracranial tumors originating in the region of the brain inferior to the tentorium cerebelli, whic...

Intracranial Aneurysm - Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry)...

Intracranial Arterial Diseases - Pathological conditions involving ARTERIES in the skull, such as arteries supplying the CEREBRUM, th...

Intracranial Arteriosclerosis - Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKUL...

Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations - Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain characterized by direct communication between an artery a...

Intracranial Embolism - Blocking of a blood vessel in the SKULL by an EMBOLUS which can be a blood clot (THROMBUS) or other ...

Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis - Embolism or thrombosis involving blood vessels which supply intracranial structures. Emboli may orig...

Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive - Bleeding within the SKULL that is caused by systemic HYPERTENSION, usually in association with INTRA...

Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding within the SKULL induced by penetrating and nonpenetrating traumatic injuries, including he...

Intracranial Hemorrhages - Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. T...

Intracranial Hypertension - Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This may result from several conditions, including HYDR...

Intracranial Hypotension - Reduction of CEREBROSPINAL FLUID pressure characterized clinically by HEADACHE which is maximal in a...

Intracranial Thrombosis - Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in a blood vessel within the SKULL. Intracranial th...

Ischemic Attack, Transient - Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duratio...

Kernicterus - A term used pathologically to describe BILIRUBIN staining of the BASAL GANGLIA; BRAIN STEM; and CERE...

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome - A neurobehavioral syndrome associated with bilateral medial temporal lobe dysfunction. Clinical mani...

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome - A neurobehavioral syndrome associated with bilateral medial temporal lobe dysfunction. Clinical mani...

Lafora Disease - A form of stimulus sensitive myoclonic epilepsy inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. The m...

Landau-Kleffner Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by the onset of isolated language dysfunction in otherwise normal children ...

Lateral Medullary Syndrome - INFARCTION of the dorsolateral aspect of MEDULLA OBLONGATA in the BRAIN STEM. It is caused by occlus...

Lateral Medullary Syndrome - INFARCTION of the dorsolateral aspect of MEDULLA OBLONGATA in the BRAIN STEM. It is caused by occlus...

Lateral Sinus Thrombosis - Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the LATERAL SINUSES. This condition is often ass...

Laurence-Moon Syndrome - An autosomal recessive condition characterized by hypogonadism; spinocerebellar degeneration; MENTAL...

Leigh Disease - A group of metabolic disorders primarily of infancy characterized by the subacute onset of psychomot...

Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome - An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of p...

Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell - An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to ...

Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic - An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to ...

Leukoencephalopathies - Any of various diseases affecting the white matter of the brain....

Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal - An opportunistic viral infection of the central nervous system associated with conditions that impai...

Leukomalacia, Periventricular - Degeneration of white matter adjacent to the CEREBRAL VENTRICLES following cerebral hypoxia or BRAIN...

Leukomalacia, Periventricular - Degeneration of white matter adjacent to the CEREBRAL VENTRICLES following cerebral hypoxia or BRAIN...

Lewy Body Disease - A neurodegenerative disease characterized by dementia, mild parkinsonism, and fluctuations in attent...

Lewy Body Disease - A neurodegenerative disease characterized by dementia, mild parkinsonism, and fluctuations in attent...

Limbic Encephalitis - A paraneoplastic syndrome marked by degeneration of neurons in the medial temporal lobe. Clinical fe...

Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System - Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical man...

Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System - Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical man...

Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System - A group of enzymatic disorders affecting the nervous system and to a variable degree the skeletal sy...

Machado-Joseph Disease - A dominantly-inherited ATAXIA first described in people of Azorean and Portuguese descent, and subse...

Machado-Joseph Disease - A dominantly-inherited ATAXIA first described in people of Azorean and Portuguese descent, and subse...

Maple Syrup Urine Disease - An autosomal recessive inherited disorder with multiple forms of phenotypic expression, caused by a ...

Marchiafava-Bignami Disease - A neurodegenerative condition that is characterized by demyelination or necrosis of the CORPUS CALLO...

Meige Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by orofacial DYSTONIA; including BLEPHAROSPASM; forceful jaw opening; lip r...

MELAS Syndrome - A mitochondrial disorder characterized by focal or generalized seizures, episodes of transient or pe...

Meningoencephalitis - An inflammatory process involving the brain (ENCEPHALITIS) and meninges (MENINGITIS), most often pro...

Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome - An inherited disorder of copper metabolism transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the...

MERRF Syndrome - A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, p...

MERRF Syndrome - A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, p...

Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency - Autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the mevalonate kinase gene. Because of the mutat...

Migraine Disorders - A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile hea...

Migraine with Aura - A subtype of migraine disorder, characterized by recurrent attacks of reversible neurological sympto...

Migraine without Aura - Recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches, not preceded or accompanied by an aura, in attacks lasting...

Miller Fisher Syndrome - A variant of the GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME characterized by the acute onset of oculomotor dysfunction,...

Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies - A heterogenous group of disorders characterized by alterations of mitochondrial metabolism that resu...

Moyamoya Disease - A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of n...

Moyamoya Disease - A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of n...

MPTP Poisoning - A condition caused by the neurotoxin MPTP which causes selective destruction of nigrostriatal dopami...

Mucolipidoses - A group of inherited metabolic diseases characterized by the accumulation of excessive amounts of ac...

Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease - An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-containin...

Multiple System Atrophy - A syndrome complex composed of three conditions which represent clinical variants of the same diseas...

Myelinolysis, Central Pontine - A demyelinating condition affecting the PONS and characterized clinically by an acute progressive QU...

Myoclonic Cerebellar Dyssynergia - A condition marked by progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA combined with MYOCLONUS usually presenting in th...

Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive - A heterogeneous group of primarily familial disorders characterized by myoclonic seizures, tonic-clo...

Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile - A disorder characterized by the onset of myoclonus in adolescence, a marked increase in the incidenc...

Nelson Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by HYPERPIGMENTATION, enlarging pituitary mass, visual defects secondary to...

Neuroaxonal Dystrophies - A nonspecific term referring both to the pathologic finding of swelling of distal portions of axons ...

Neurocytoma - A benign brain tumor composed of neural elements which most often arise from the SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM a...

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - A potentially fatal syndrome associated primarily with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHO...

Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A - The classic infantile form of Niemann-Pick Disease, caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIEST...

Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B - An allelic disorder of TYPE A NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, a late-onset form. It is also caused by mutation...

Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C - An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL a...

Niemann-Pick Diseases - A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the vis...

Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome - A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, an...

Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies - A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which share progressive ataxia in combination with atrop...

Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies - A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which share progressive ataxia in combination with atrop...

Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease - An inherited urea cycle disorder associated with deficiency of the enzyme ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFE...

Pallister-Hall Syndrome - A pleiotropic disorder of human development that comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and posta...

Pallister-Hall Syndrome - A pleiotropic disorder of human development that comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and posta...

Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration - A rare autosomal recessive degenerative disorder which usually presents in late childhood or adolesc...

Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration - A rare autosomal recessive degenerative disorder which usually presents in late childhood or adolesc...

Papilloma, Choroid Plexus - A usually benign neoplasm that arises from the cuboidal epithelium of the choroid plexus and takes t...

Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration - Cerebellar degeneration associated with a remote neoplasm. Clinical manifestations include progressi...

Parkinson Disease - A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, re...

Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic - Parkinsonism following encephalitis, historically seen as a sequella of encephalitis lethargica (Von...

Parkinson Disease, Secondary - Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are cause...

Parkinsonian Disorders - A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGI...

Paroxysmal Hemicrania - A primary headache disorder that is similar to the CLUSTER HEADACHE with unilateral head pain, but d...

Peroxisomal Disorders - A heterogeneous group of inherited metabolic disorders marked by absent or dysfunctional PEROXISOMES...

Persistent Vegetative State - Vegetative state refers to the neurocognitive status of individuals with severe brain damage, in who...

Phenylketonuria, Maternal - A condition occurring in untreated or partially treated females with PHENYLKETONURIA when they becom...

Phenylketonurias - A group of autosomal recessive disorders marked by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme PHENYLALANINE ...

Pick Disease of the Brain - A rare form of DEMENTIA that is sometimes familial. Clinical features include APHASIA; APRAXIA; CONF...

Pinealoma - Neoplasms which originate from pineal parenchymal cells that tend to enlarge the gland and be locall...

Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion - A disease of the PITUITARY GLAND characterized by the excess amount of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE s...

Pituitary Apoplexy - The sudden loss of blood supply to the PITUITARY GLAND, leading to tissue NECROSIS and loss of funct...

Pituitary Apoplexy - The sudden loss of blood supply to the PITUITARY GLAND, leading to tissue NECROSIS and loss of funct...

Pituitary Diseases - Disorders involving either the ADENOHYPOPHYSIS or the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS. These diseases usually manife...

Pituitary Neoplasms - Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasm...

Pituitary Neoplasms - Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasm...

Pituitary Neoplasms - Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasm...

Pneumocephalus - Presence of air or gas within the intracranial cavity (e.g., epidural space, subdural space, intrace...

Post-Concussion Syndrome - The organic and psychogenic disturbances observed after closed head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED)...

Post-Dural Puncture Headache - A secondary headache disorder attributed to low CEREBROSPINAL FLUID pressure caused by SPINAL PUNCTU...

Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome - A condition that is characterized by HEADACHE; SEIZURES; and visual loss with edema in the posterior...

Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome - A condition that is characterized by HEADACHE; SEIZURES; and visual loss with edema in the posterior...

Post-Traumatic Headache - Secondary headache attributed to TRAUMA of the HEAD and/or the NECK....

Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia - A form of frontotemporal lobar degeneration and a progressive form of dementia characterized by moto...

Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia - A form of frontotemporal lobar degeneration and a progressive form of dementia characterized by moto...

Prolactinoma - A pituitary adenoma which secretes PROLACTIN, leading to HYPERPROLACTINEMIA. Clinical manifestations...

Pseudotumor Cerebri - A condition marked by raised intracranial pressure and characterized clinically by HEADACHES; NAUSEA...

Putaminal Hemorrhage - Intracranial bleeding into the PUTAMEN, a BASAL GANGLIA nucleus. This is associated with HYPERTENSIO...

Putaminal Hemorrhage - Intracranial bleeding into the PUTAMEN, a BASAL GANGLIA nucleus. This is associated with HYPERTENSIO...

Putaminal Hemorrhage - Intracranial bleeding into the PUTAMEN, a BASAL GANGLIA nucleus. This is associated with HYPERTENSIO...

Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease - An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by absent or decreased PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE activit...

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease - An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE CO...

Refsum Disease - An autosomal recessive familial disorder that usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SEN...

Refsum Disease, Infantile - An early onset form of phytanic acid storage disease with clinical and biochemical signs different f...

Reye Syndrome - A form of encephalopathy with fatty infiltration of the LIVER, characterized by brain EDEMA and VOMI...

Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis - Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS or the inferior sagi...

Sandhoff Disease - An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOS...

Sandhoff Disease - An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOS...

Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome - A congenital disease caused by an inborn error involving APOLIPOPROTEINS E leading to abnormal LIPID...

Seizures - Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and ...

Seizures, Febrile - Seizures that occur during a febrile episode. It is a common condition, affecting 2-5% of children a...

Shy-Drager Syndrome - A progressive neurodegenerative condition of the central and autonomic nervous systems characterized...

Sialic Acid Storage Disease - Autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders caused by lysosomal membrane transport defects that ...

Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial - Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the CRANIAL SINUSES, large endothelium-lined ven...

Sneddon Syndrome - A systemic non-inflammatory arteriopathy primarily of middle-aged females characterized by the assoc...

Spasms, Infantile - An epileptic syndrome characterized by the triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and arrest of ...

Sphingolipidoses - A group of inherited metabolic disorders characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of SPHINGO...

Spinocerebellar Ataxias - A group of dominantly inherited, predominately late-onset, cerebellar ataxias which have been divide...

Spinocerebellar Ataxias - A group of dominantly inherited, predominately late-onset, cerebellar ataxias which have been divide...

Spinocerebellar Degenerations - A heterogenous group of degenerative syndromes marked by progressive cerebellar dysfunction either i...

Status Epilepticus - A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occu...

Striatonigral Degeneration - A sporadic neurodegenerative disease with onset in middle-age characterized clinically by Parkinsoni...

Stroke - A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological func...

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURY...

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding into the SUBARACHNOID SPACE due to CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Minor hemorrhages may be asymptom...

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding into the SUBARACHNOID SPACE due to CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Minor hemorrhages may be asymptom...

Subclavian Steal Syndrome - A clinically significant reduction in blood supply to the BRAIN STEM and CEREBELLUM (i.e., VERTEBROB...

Subdural Effusion - Leakage and accumulation of CEREBROSPINAL FLUID in the subdural space which may be associated with a...

Sulfatidosis - A group of inherited metabolic disorders characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-...

SUNCT Syndrome - A primary headache disorder that is characterized by frequent short-lasting, unilateral, neuralgifor...

Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive - A degenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR M...

Supratentorial Neoplasms - Primary and metastatic (secondary) tumors of the brain located above the tentorium cerebelli, a fold...

Susac Syndrome - A rare disorder consisting of microangiopathy of brain, retina, and inner ear ARTERIOLES. It is char...

Tay-Sachs Disease - An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the onset in infancy of an exagge...

Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant - A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that begins with muscle weakness, then progresses to startl...

Tension-Type Headache - A common primary headache disorder, characterized by a dull, non-pulsatile, diffuse, band-like (or v...

Thalamic Diseases - Disorders of the centrally located thalamus, which integrates a wide range of cortical and subcortic...

Tourette Syndrome - A neuropsychological disorder related to alterations in DOPAMINE metabolism and neurotransmission in...

Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - Infections of the BRAIN caused by the protozoan TOXOPLASMA gondii that primarily arise in individual...

Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias - Primary headache disorders that show symptoms caused by the activation of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYST...

Tyrosinemias - A group of disorders which have in common elevations of tyrosine in the blood and urine secondary to...

Unverricht-Lundborg Syndrome - An autosomal recessive condition characterized by recurrent myoclonic and generalized seizures, ATAX...

Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn - Rare congenital metabolism disorders of the urea cycle. The disorders are due to mutations that resu...

Vascular Headaches - Secondary headache disorders attributed to a variety of cranial or cervical vascular disorders, such...

Vascular Headaches - Secondary headache disorders attributed to a variety of cranial or cervical vascular disorders, such...

Vasculitis, Central Nervous System - Inflammation of blood vessels within the central nervous system. Primary vasculitis is usually cause...

Vasospasm, Intracranial - Constriction of arteries in the SKULL due to sudden, sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contr...

Vein of Galen Malformations - Congenital arteriovenous malformation involving the VEIN OF GALEN, a large deep vein at the base of ...

Vertebral Artery Dissection - Splitting of the vessel wall in the VERTEBRAL ARTERY. Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the ...

Vertebral Artery Dissection - Splitting of the vessel wall in the VERTEBRAL ARTERY. Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the ...

Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency - Localized or diffuse reduction in blood flow through the vertebrobasilar arterial system, which supp...

Wernicke Encephalopathy - An acute neurological disorder characterized by the triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and disturbanc...

Zellweger Syndrome - An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 ...