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Central Nervous System Diseases

Categorical breakdown of terms falling inder the category of Central Nervous System Diseases. Sub categories will become more specific in nature to the terms listed for Central Nervous System Diseases.

Sub-Categories

Terms

Acromegaly - A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excessive HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE in adults. It is characte...

ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma - A pituitary adenoma which secretes ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN, leading to CUSHING DISEASE....

Adrenoleukodystrophy - An X-linked recessive disorder characterized by the accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty ...

AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System - Inflammation of ARTERIES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that occurs in patients with ACQUIRED IMMUNOD...

AIDS Dementia Complex - A neurologic condition associated with the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and characterized by i...

Akathisia, Drug-Induced - A condition associated with the use of certain medications and characterized by an internal sense of...

Akinetic Mutism - A syndrome characterized by a silent and inert state without voluntary motor activity despite preser...

Alzheimer Disease - A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of ...

Amblyopia - A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision. Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-in...

Amnesia, Transient Global - A syndrome characterized by a transient loss of the ability to form new memories. It primarily occur...

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the br...

Angelman Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by multiple abnormalities, MENTAL RETARDATION, and movement disorders. Pres...

Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome - Ischemia or infarction of the spinal cord in the distribution of the anterior spinal artery, which s...

Aphasia, Primary Progressive - A progressive form of dementia characterized by the global loss of language abilities and initial pr...

Arachnoiditis - Acute or chronic inflammation of the arachnoid membrane of the meninges most often involving the spi...

Argininosuccinic Aciduria - Rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea cycle which leads to the accumulation of argininosucci...

Ataxia Telangiectasia - An autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by choreoathetosis beginning in childhood, p...

Auditory Diseases, Central - Disorders of hearing or auditory perception due to pathological processes of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS i...

Auditory Perceptual Disorders - Acquired or developmental cognitive disorders of AUDITORY PERCEPTION characterized by a reduced abil...

Bardet-Biedl Syndrome - An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; POLYDACTYLY; OBESITY; MENTAL ...

Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease - A pathological condition caused by impaired blood flow in the basal regions of cerebral hemispheres ...

Basal Ganglia Diseases - Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDA...

Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage - Bleeding within the subcortical regions of cerebral hemispheres (BASAL GANGLIA). It is often associa...

Brain Abscess - A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate in the brain, due to bacterial and other infections. ...

Brain Concussion - A nonspecific term used to describe transient alterations or loss of consciousness following closed ...

Brain Damage, Chronic - A condition characterized by long-standing brain dysfunction or damage, usually of three months dura...

Brain Death - A state of prolonged irreversible cessation of all brain activity, including lower brain stem functi...

Brain Diseases - Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the C...

Brain Diseases, Metabolic - Acquired or inborn metabolic diseases that produce brain dysfunction or damage. These include primar...

Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn - Brain disorders resulting from inborn metabolic errors, primarily from enzymatic defects which lead ...

Brain Edema - Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due ...

Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding within the brain as a result of penetrating and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Traum...

Brain Infarction - Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and th...

Brain Injuries - Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral h...

Brain Injury, Chronic - Conditions characterized by persistent brain damage or dysfunction as sequelae of cranial trauma. Th...

Brain Ischemia - Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfus...

Brain Neoplasms - Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemis...

Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding into structures of BRAIN STEM, including the MIDBRAIN; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA, as the r...

Brain Stem Infarctions - Infarctions that occur in the BRAIN STEM which is comprised of the MIDBRAIN; PONS; and MEDULLA OBLON...

Brain Stem Neoplasms - Benign and malignant intra-axial tumors of the MESENCEPHALON; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the BRAI...

Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked - An X-linked recessive form of spinal muscular atrophy. It is due to a mutation of the gene encoding ...

CADASIL - A familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of g...

Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease - A urea cycle disorder manifesting in infancy as lethargy, emesis, seizures, alterations of muscle to...

Carotid Artery Diseases - Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external...

Carotid Artery Injuries - Damages to the CAROTID ARTERIES caused either by blunt force or penetrating trauma, such as CRANIOCE...

Carotid Artery Thrombosis - Blood clot formation in any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES. This may produce CAROTID STENOSIS or occlu...

Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection - The splitting of the vessel wall in one or both (left and right) internal carotid arteries (CAROTID ...

Carotid Stenosis - Narrowing or stricture of any part of the CAROTID ARTERIES, most often due to atherosclerotic plaque...

Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula - An acquired or spontaneous abnormality in which there is communication between CAVERNOUS SINUS, a ve...

Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis - Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the CAVERNOUS SINUS of the brain. Infections of ...

Central Cord Syndrome - A syndrome associated with traumatic injury to the cervical or upper thoracic regions of the spinal ...

Central Nervous System Bacterial Infections - Bacterial infections of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges, including infections involving the per...

Central Nervous System Diseases - Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem...

Central Nervous System Fungal Infections - MYCOSES of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges which may result in ENCEPHALITIS; MENINGITIS, FUNGAL...

Central Nervous System Helminthiasis - Infections of the BRAIN; SPINAL CORD; or MENINGES caused by HELMINTHS (parasitic worms)....

Central Nervous System Infections - Pathogenic infections of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. DNA VIRUS INFECTIONS; RNA VIRUS INFEC...

Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections - Infections of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges caused by parasites....

Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections - Infections of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges by single celled organisms of the former subkingdo...

Central Nervous System Viral Diseases - Viral infections of the brain, spinal cord, meninges, or perimeningeal spaces....

Cerebellar Ataxia - Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characte...

Cerebellar Diseases - Diseases that affect the structure or function of the cerebellum. Cardinal manifestations of cerebel...

Cerebellar Neoplasms - Primary or metastatic neoplasms of the CEREBELLUM. Tumors in this location frequently present with A...

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy - A heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial disorders characterized by AMYLOID deposits in the wal...

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial - A familial disorder marked by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels ...

Cerebral Arterial Diseases - Pathological conditions of intracranial ARTERIES supplying the CEREBRUM. These diseases often are du...

Cerebral Hemorrhage - Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. ...

Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES due to TRAUMA. Hemorrhage may involve any part of the...

Cerebral Infarction - The formation of an area of NECROSIS in the CEREBRUM caused by an insufficiency of arterial or venou...

Cerebral Palsy - A heterogeneous group of nonprogressive motor disorders caused by chronic brain injuries that origin...

Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms - Neoplasms located in the brain ventricles, including the two lateral, the third, and the fourth vent...

Cerebrovascular Disorders - A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels ...

Cerebrovascular Trauma - Penetrating and nonpenetrating traumatic injuries to an extracranial or intracranial blood vessel th...

Chorea - Involuntary, forcible, rapid, jerky movements that may be subtle or become confluent, markedly alter...

Chorea Gravidarum - A rare movement disorder developed during PREGNANCY, characterized by involuntary jerky motion (CHOR...

Choroid Plexus Neoplasms - Benign or malignant tumors which arise from the choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain. Papil...

Citrullinemia - A group of diseases related to a deficiency of the enzyme ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHASE which causes an...

Cluster Headache - A primary headache disorder that is characterized by severe, strictly unilateral PAIN which is orbit...

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome - A rare transmissible encephalopathy most prevalent between the ages of 50 and 70 years. Affected ind...

Dandy-Walker Syndrome - A congenital abnormality of the central nervous system marked by failure of the midline structures o...

Dementia - An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to in...

Dementia, Multi-Infarct - Loss of higher cortical functions with retained awareness due to multiple cortical or subcortical CE...

Dementia, Vascular - An imprecise term referring to dementia associated with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRA...

Diffuse Axonal Injury - A relatively common sequela of blunt head injury, characterized by a global disruption of axons thro...

Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder - A rare central nervous system demyelinating condition affecting children and young adults. Pathologi...

Diffuse Neurofibrillary Tangles with Calcification - A form of presenile DEMENTIA characterized by cortical dementia, NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES without SEN...

Dwarfism, Pituitary - A form of dwarfism caused by complete or partial GROWTH HORMONE deficiency, resulting from either th...

Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced - Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the u...

Dyskinesias - Abnormal involuntary movements which primarily affect the extremities, trunk, or jaw that occur as a...

Dystonia Musculorum Deformans - A condition characterized by focal DYSTONIA that progresses to involuntary spasmodic contractions of...

Dystonic Disorders - Acquired and inherited conditions that feature DYSTONIA as a primary manifestation of disease. These...

Empty Sella Syndrome - A condition when the SELLA TURCICA is not filled with pituitary tissue. The pituitary gland is eithe...

Empyema, Subdural - An intracranial or rarely intraspinal suppurative process invading the space between the inner surfa...

Encephalitis - Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Vira...

Encephalitis, Arbovirus - Infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the fam...

Encephalitis, California - A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VI...

Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex - An acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by SIMPLEXVIRUS infections whi...

Encephalitis, Japanese - A mosquito-borne encephalitis caused by the Japanese B encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, JAPAN...

Encephalitis, St. Louis - A viral encephalitis caused by the St. Louis encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, ST. LOUIS), a F...

Encephalitis, Tick-Borne - Encephalitis caused by neurotropic viruses that are transmitted via the bite of TICKS. In Europe, th...

Encephalitis, Varicella Zoster - Inflammation of brain tissue caused by infection with the varicella-zoster virus (HERPESVIRUS 3, HUM...

Encephalitis, Viral - Inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur as p...

Encephalomalacia - Softening or loss of brain tissue following CEREBRAL INFARCTION; cerebral ischemia (see BRAIN ISCHEM...

Encephalomyelitis - A general term indicating inflammation of the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD, often used to indicate an infec...

Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine - A form of arboviral encephalitis (primarily affecting equines) endemic to eastern regions of North A...

Encephalomyelitis, Equine - A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoe...

Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine - A form of arboviral encephalitis endemic to Central America and the northern latitudes of South Amer...

Encephalomyelitis, Western Equine - A form of arboviral encephalitis (which primarily affects horses) endemic to western and central reg...

Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform - A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cattle associated with abnormal prion proteins in the b...

Epidural Abscess - Circumscribed collections of suppurative material occurring in the spinal or intracranial EPIDURAL S...

Epidural Neoplasms - Neoplasms located in the space between the vertebral PERIOSTEUM and DURA MATER surrounding the SPINA...

Epilepsia Partialis Continua - A variant of epilepsy characterized by continuous focal jerking of a body part over a period of hour...

Epilepsies, Myoclonic - A clinically diverse group of epilepsy syndromes characterized either by myoclonic seizures or by my...

Epilepsies, Partial - Conditions characterized by recurrent paroxysmal neuronal discharges which arise from a focal region...

Epilepsy - A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, diso...

Epilepsy, Absence - A childhood seizure disorder characterized by rhythmic electrical brain discharges of generalized on...

Epilepsy, Benign Neonatal - A condition marked by recurrent seizures that occur during the first 4-6 weeks of life despite an ot...

Epilepsy, Complex Partial - A disorder characterized by recurrent partial seizures marked by impairment of cognition. During the...

Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe - A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by seizures which arise in the frontal...

Epilepsy, Generalized - Recurrent conditions characterized by epileptic seizures which arise diffusely and simultaneously fr...

Epilepsy, Partial, Motor - A disorder characterized by recurrent localized paroxysmal discharges of cerebral neurons that give ...

Epilepsy, Partial, Sensory - A disorder characterized by recurrent focal onset seizures which have sensory (i.e., olfactory, visu...

Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic - Recurrent seizures causally related to CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Seizure onset may be immediate but is ...

Epilepsy, Reflex - A subtype of epilepsy characterized by seizures that are consistently provoked by a certain specific...

Epilepsy, Rolandic - An autosomal dominant inherited partial epilepsy syndrome with onset between age 3 and 13 years. Sei...

Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from ...

Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic - A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief to...

Essential Tremor - A relatively common disorder characterized by a fairly specific pattern of tremors which are most pr...

Fabry Disease - An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. I...

Farber Lipogranulomatosis - A sphingolipidosis subtype that is characterized by the histological appearance of granulomatous dep...

Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic - A syndrome characterized by persistent or recurrent fatigue, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, sleep dis...

Friedreich Ataxia - An autosomal recessive disease, usually of childhood onset, characterized pathologically by degenera...

Frontotemporal Dementia - The most common clinical form of FRONTOTEMPORAL LOBAR DEGENERATION, this dementia presents with pers...

Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration - Heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by frontal and temporal lobe atroph...

Fucosidosis - An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of ALPHA-L-FUCOSIDASE activi...

Galactosemias - A group of inherited enzyme deficiencies which feature elevations of GALACTOSE in the blood. This co...

Gangliosidoses - A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDE...

Gangliosidoses, GM2 - A group of recessively inherited diseases characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of G(M2) ...

Gangliosidosis, GM1 - An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the absence or deficiency of BETA-GALACT...

Gaucher Disease - An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE)...

Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease - An autosomal dominant familial prion disease with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations includin...

Giant Cell Arteritis - A systemic autoimmune disorder that typically affects medium and large ARTERIES, usually leading to ...

Glycogen Storage Disease Type II - An autosomal recessively inherited glycogen storage disease caused by GLUCAN 1,4-ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE d...

Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma - A pituitary tumor that secretes GROWTH HORMONE. In humans, excess HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE leads to ACRO...

Hartnup Disease - An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intes...

Headache Disorders - Various conditions with the symptom of HEADACHE. Headache disorders are classified into major groups...

Headache Disorders, Primary - Conditions in which the primary symptom is HEADACHE and the headache cannot be attributed to any kno...

Headache Disorders, Secondary - Conditions with HEADACHE symptom that can be attributed to a variety of causes including BRAIN VASCU...

Hearing Loss, Central - Hearing loss due to disease of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS (in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM) which originate...

Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial - Accumulation of blood in the EPIDURAL SPACE between the SKULL and the DURA MATER, often as a result ...

Hematoma, Subdural - Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the ...

Hematoma, Subdural, Acute - Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with acute onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may ...

Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic - Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with delayed onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms ma...

Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial - Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE over the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE....

Hepatic Encephalopathy - A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, in...

Hepatolenticular Degeneration - A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CO...

High Pressure Neurological Syndrome - A syndrome related to increased atmospheric pressure and characterized by tremors, nausea, dizziness...

Homocystinuria - Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHI...

Huntington Disease - A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progr...

Hydrocephalus - Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranium which may be associated with dilati...

Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure - A form of compensated hydrocephalus characterized clinically by a slowly progressive gait disorder (...

Hyperargininemia - A rare autosomal recessive disorder of the urea cycle. It is caused by a deficiency of the hepatic e...

Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic - An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by deficiencies in the mitochondrial GLYCINE cleava...

Hyperlysinemias - A group of inherited metabolic disorders which have in common elevations of serum LYSINE levels. Enz...

Hyperpituitarism - Disease of the glandular, anterior portion of the pituitary (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR) resulting in...

Hyperprolactinemia - Increased levels of PROLACTIN in the BLOOD, which may be associated with AMENORRHEA and GALACTORRHEA...

Hypertensive Encephalopathy - Brain dysfunction or damage resulting from sustained MALIGNANT HYPERTENSION. When BLOOD PRESSURE exc...

Hypopituitarism - Diminution or cessation of secretion of one or more hormones from the anterior pituitary gland (incl...

Hypothalamic Diseases - Neoplastic, inflammatory, infectious, and other diseases of the hypothalamus. Clinical manifestation...

Hypothalamic Neoplasms - Benign and malignant tumors of the HYPOTHALAMUS. Pilocytic astrocytomas and hamartomas are relativel...

Hypoxia, Brain - A reduction in brain oxygen supply due to ANOXEMIA (a reduced amount of oxygen being carried in the ...

Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain - A disorder characterized by a reduction of oxygen in the blood combined with reduced blood flow (ISC...

Inappropriate ADH Syndrome - A condition of HYPONATREMIA and renal salt loss attributed to overexpansion of BODY FLUIDS resulting...

Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery - NECROSIS occurring in the ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY system, including branches such as Heubner's arte...

Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery - NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entir...

Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery - NECROSIS induced by ISCHEMIA in the POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which supplies por...

Infratentorial Neoplasms - Intracranial tumors originating in the region of the brain inferior to the tentorium cerebelli, whic...

Insomnia, Fatal Familial - An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by degeneration of the THALAMUS and progressive insomni...

Intracranial Aneurysm - Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry)...

Intracranial Arterial Diseases - Pathological conditions involving ARTERIES in the skull, such as arteries supplying the CEREBRUM, th...

Intracranial Arteriosclerosis - Vascular diseases characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of ARTERIES inside the SKUL...

Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations - Congenital vascular anomalies in the brain characterized by direct communication between an artery a...

Intracranial Embolism - Blocking of a blood vessel in the SKULL by an EMBOLUS which can be a blood clot (THROMBUS) or other ...

Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis - Embolism or thrombosis involving blood vessels which supply intracranial structures. Emboli may orig...

Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive - Bleeding within the SKULL that is caused by systemic HYPERTENSION, usually in association with INTRA...

Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding within the SKULL induced by penetrating and nonpenetrating traumatic injuries, including he...

Intracranial Hemorrhages - Bleeding within the SKULL, including hemorrhages in the brain and the three membranes of MENINGES. T...

Intracranial Hypertension - Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This may result from several conditions, including HYDR...

Intracranial Hypotension - Reduction of CEREBROSPINAL FLUID pressure characterized clinically by HEADACHE which is maximal in a...

Intracranial Thrombosis - Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in a blood vessel within the SKULL. Intracranial th...

Ischemic Attack, Transient - Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duratio...

Kernicterus - A term used pathologically to describe BILIRUBIN staining of the BASAL GANGLIA; BRAIN STEM; and CERE...

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome - A neurobehavioral syndrome associated with bilateral medial temporal lobe dysfunction. Clinical mani...

Kuru - A prion disease found exclusively among the Fore linguistic group natives of the highlands of NEW GU...

Lafora Disease - A form of stimulus sensitive myoclonic epilepsy inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. The m...

Landau-Kleffner Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by the onset of isolated language dysfunction in otherwise normal children ...

Lateral Medullary Syndrome - INFARCTION of the dorsolateral aspect of MEDULLA OBLONGATA in the BRAIN STEM. It is caused by occlus...

Lateral Sinus Thrombosis - Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the LATERAL SINUSES. This condition is often ass...

Laurence-Moon Syndrome - An autosomal recessive condition characterized by hypogonadism; spinocerebellar degeneration; MENTAL...

Leigh Disease - A group of metabolic disorders primarily of infancy characterized by the subacute onset of psychomot...

Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome - An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of p...

Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell - An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to ...

Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic - An autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by a deficiency of CEREBROSIDE-SULFATASE leading to ...

Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic - A fulminant and often fatal demyelinating disease of the brain which primarily affects young adults ...

Leukoencephalopathies - Any of various diseases affecting the white matter of the brain....

Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal - An opportunistic viral infection of the central nervous system associated with conditions that impai...

Leukomalacia, Periventricular - Degeneration of white matter adjacent to the CEREBRAL VENTRICLES following cerebral hypoxia or BRAIN...

Lewy Body Disease - A neurodegenerative disease characterized by dementia, mild parkinsonism, and fluctuations in attent...

Limbic Encephalitis - A paraneoplastic syndrome marked by degeneration of neurons in the medial temporal lobe. Clinical fe...

Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System - Central nervous system vasculitis that is associated with SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Clinical man...

Lyme Neuroborreliosis - Nervous system infections caused by tick-borne spirochetes of the BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP. The di...

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis - A form of meningitis caused by LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS. MICE and other rodents serve as t...

Lysosomal Storage Diseases, Nervous System - A group of enzymatic disorders affecting the nervous system and to a variable degree the skeletal sy...

Machado-Joseph Disease - A dominantly-inherited ATAXIA first described in people of Azorean and Portuguese descent, and subse...

Malaria, Cerebral - A condition characterized by somnolence or coma in the presence of an acute infection with PLASMODIU...

Maple Syrup Urine Disease - An autosomal recessive inherited disorder with multiple forms of phenotypic expression, caused by a ...

Marchiafava-Bignami Disease - A neurodegenerative condition that is characterized by demyelination or necrosis of the CORPUS CALLO...

Meige Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by orofacial DYSTONIA; including BLEPHAROSPASM; forceful jaw opening; lip r...

MELAS Syndrome - A mitochondrial disorder characterized by focal or generalized seizures, episodes of transient or pe...

Meningitis - Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACH...

Meningitis, Aseptic - A syndrome characterized by headache, neck stiffness, low grade fever, and CSF lymphocytic pleocytos...

Meningitis, Bacterial - Bacterial infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space, frequently involving the cerebral ...

Meningitis, Cryptococcal - Meningeal inflammation produced by CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS, an encapsulated yeast that tends to infe...

Meningitis, Escherichia coli - A form of gram-negative meningitis that tends to occur in neonates, in association with anatomical a...

Meningitis, Fungal - Meningitis caused by fungal agents which may occur as OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS or arise in immunocom...

Meningitis, Haemophilus - BACTERIAL INFECTIONS of the nervous system caused by HAEMOPHILUS organisms, and marked by prominent ...

Meningitis, Listeria - Inflammation of the meninges caused by LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES infection, usually occurring in indivi...

Meningitis, Meningococcal - A fulminant infection of the meninges and subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS...

Meningitis, Pneumococcal - An acute purulent infection of the meninges and subarachnoid space caused by Streptococcus pneumonia...

Meningitis, Viral - Viral infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space. TOGAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; FLAVIVIRIDAE I...

Meningoencephalitis - An inflammatory process involving the brain (ENCEPHALITIS) and meninges (MENINGITIS), most often pro...

Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome - An inherited disorder of copper metabolism transmitted as an X-linked trait and characterized by the...

MERRF Syndrome - A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, p...

Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency - Autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the mevalonate kinase gene. Because of the mutat...

Migraine Disorders - A class of disabling primary headache disorders, characterized by recurrent unilateral pulsatile hea...

Migraine with Aura - A subtype of migraine disorder, characterized by recurrent attacks of reversible neurological sympto...

Migraine without Aura - Recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches, not preceded or accompanied by an aura, in attacks lasting...

Miller Fisher Syndrome - A variant of the GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME characterized by the acute onset of oculomotor dysfunction,...

Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathies - A heterogenous group of disorders characterized by alterations of mitochondrial metabolism that resu...

Movement Disorders - Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in ...

Moyamoya Disease - A noninflammatory, progressive occlusion of the intracranial CAROTID ARTERIES and the formation of n...

MPTP Poisoning - A condition caused by the neurotoxin MPTP which causes selective destruction of nigrostriatal dopami...

Mucolipidoses - A group of inherited metabolic diseases characterized by the accumulation of excessive amounts of ac...

Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency Disease - An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-containin...

Multiple System Atrophy - A syndrome complex composed of three conditions which represent clinical variants of the same diseas...

Muscular Atrophy, Spinal - A group of disorders marked by progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord resultin...

Myelinolysis, Central Pontine - A demyelinating condition affecting the PONS and characterized clinically by an acute progressive QU...

Myelitis - Inflammation of the spinal cord. Relatively common etiologies include infections; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE...

Myelitis, Transverse - Inflammation of a transverse portion of the spinal cord characterized by acute or subacute segmental...

Myoclonic Cerebellar Dyssynergia - A condition marked by progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA combined with MYOCLONUS usually presenting in th...

Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive - A heterogeneous group of primarily familial disorders characterized by myoclonic seizures, tonic-clo...

Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile - A disorder characterized by the onset of myoclonus in adolescence, a marked increase in the incidenc...

Nelson Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by HYPERPIGMENTATION, enlarging pituitary mass, visual defects secondary to...

Neuroacanthocytosis - An inherited autosomal disorder that is characterized by neurodegeneration; orofacial and buccal DYS...

Neuroaspergillosis - Infections of the nervous system caused by fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS, most commonly ASPERGILLUS...

Neuroaxonal Dystrophies - A nonspecific term referring both to the pathologic finding of swelling of distal portions of axons ...

Neurocysticercosis - Infection of the brain, spinal cord, or perimeningeal structures with the larval forms of the genus ...

Neurocytoma - A benign brain tumor composed of neural elements which most often arise from the SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM a...

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - A potentially fatal syndrome associated primarily with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHO...

Neuroschistosomiasis - SCHISTOSOMIASIS of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges caused by infections with trematodes of the g...

Neurosyphilis - Infections of the central nervous system caused by TREPONEMA PALLIDUM which present with a variety o...

Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A - The classic infantile form of Niemann-Pick Disease, caused by mutation in SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIEST...

Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B - An allelic disorder of TYPE A NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE, a late-onset form. It is also caused by mutation...

Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C - An autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that is characterized by accumulation of CHOLESTEROL a...

Niemann-Pick Diseases - A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the vis...

Ocular Motility Disorders - Disorders that feature impairment of eye movements as a primary manifestation of disease. These cond...

Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome - A sex-linked recessive disorder affecting multiple systems including the EYE, the NERVOUS SYSTEM, an...

Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies - A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which share progressive ataxia in combination with atrop...

Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome - A neurological condition that is characterized by uncontrolled rapid irregular movements of the eye ...

Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease - An inherited urea cycle disorder associated with deficiency of the enzyme ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFE...

Pallister-Hall Syndrome - A pleiotropic disorder of human development that comprises hypothalamic HAMARTOMA; central and posta...

Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration - A rare autosomal recessive degenerative disorder which usually presents in late childhood or adolesc...

Papilloma, Choroid Plexus - A usually benign neoplasm that arises from the cuboidal epithelium of the choroid plexus and takes t...

Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration - Cerebellar degeneration associated with a remote neoplasm. Clinical manifestations include progressi...

Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic - A subacute paralytic myeloneuropathy occurring endemically in tropical areas such as the Caribbean, ...

Parkinson Disease - A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, re...

Parkinson Disease, Postencephalitic - Parkinsonism following encephalitis, historically seen as a sequella of encephalitis lethargica (Von...

Parkinson Disease, Secondary - Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are cause...

Parkinsonian Disorders - A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGI...

Paroxysmal Hemicrania - A primary headache disorder that is similar to the CLUSTER HEADACHE with unilateral head pain, but d...

Perimeningeal Infections - Infectious processes, including abscesses, effusions, and empyemas which occur in the epidural or su...

Peroxisomal Disorders - A heterogeneous group of inherited metabolic disorders marked by absent or dysfunctional PEROXISOMES...

Persistent Vegetative State - Vegetative state refers to the neurocognitive status of individuals with severe brain damage, in who...

Phenylketonuria, Maternal - A condition occurring in untreated or partially treated females with PHENYLKETONURIA when they becom...

Phenylketonurias - A group of autosomal recessive disorders marked by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme PHENYLALANINE ...

Pick Disease of the Brain - A rare form of DEMENTIA that is sometimes familial. Clinical features include APHASIA; APRAXIA; CONF...

Pinealoma - Neoplasms which originate from pineal parenchymal cells that tend to enlarge the gland and be locall...

Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion - A disease of the PITUITARY GLAND characterized by the excess amount of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE s...

Pituitary Apoplexy - The sudden loss of blood supply to the PITUITARY GLAND, leading to tissue NECROSIS and loss of funct...

Pituitary Diseases - Disorders involving either the ADENOHYPOPHYSIS or the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS. These diseases usually manife...

Pituitary Neoplasms - Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasm...

Pneumocephalus - Presence of air or gas within the intracranial cavity (e.g., epidural space, subdural space, intrace...

Poliomyelitis - An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of hu...

Poliomyelitis, Bulbar - A form of paralytic poliomyelitis affecting neurons of the MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the brain stem. Clin...

Post-Concussion Syndrome - The organic and psychogenic disturbances observed after closed head injuries (HEAD INJURIES, CLOSED)...

Post-Dural Puncture Headache - A secondary headache disorder attributed to low CEREBROSPINAL FLUID pressure caused by SPINAL PUNCTU...

Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome - A condition that is characterized by HEADACHE; SEIZURES; and visual loss with edema in the posterior...

Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by new neuromuscular symptoms that occur at least 15 years after clinical s...

Post-Traumatic Headache - Secondary headache attributed to TRAUMA of the HEAD and/or the NECK....

Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia - A form of frontotemporal lobar degeneration and a progressive form of dementia characterized by moto...

Prion Diseases - A group of genetic, infectious, or sporadic degenerative human and animal nervous system disorders a...

Prolactinoma - A pituitary adenoma which secretes PROLACTIN, leading to HYPERPROLACTINEMIA. Clinical manifestations...

Pseudorabies - A highly contagious herpesvirus infection affecting the central nervous system of swine, cattle, dog...

Pseudotumor Cerebri - A condition marked by raised intracranial pressure and characterized clinically by HEADACHES; NAUSEA...

Putaminal Hemorrhage - Intracranial bleeding into the PUTAMEN, a BASAL GANGLIA nucleus. This is associated with HYPERTENSIO...

Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency Disease - An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by absent or decreased PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE activit...

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease - An inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficient enzyme activity in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE CO...

Refsum Disease - An autosomal recessive familial disorder that usually presents in childhood with POLYNEUROPATHY; SEN...

Refsum Disease, Infantile - An early onset form of phytanic acid storage disease with clinical and biochemical signs different f...

Reye Syndrome - A form of encephalopathy with fatty infiltration of the LIVER, characterized by brain EDEMA and VOMI...

Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis - Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS or the inferior sagi...

Sandhoff Disease - An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by an accumulation of G(M2) GANGLIOS...

Scrapie - A fatal disease of the nervous system in sheep and goats, characterized by pruritus, debility, and l...

Sea-Blue Histiocyte Syndrome - A congenital disease caused by an inborn error involving APOLIPOPROTEINS E leading to abnormal LIPID...

Seizures - Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and ...

Seizures, Febrile - Seizures that occur during a febrile episode. It is a common condition, affecting 2-5% of children a...

Shy-Drager Syndrome - A progressive neurodegenerative condition of the central and autonomic nervous systems characterized...

Sialic Acid Storage Disease - Autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders caused by lysosomal membrane transport defects that ...

Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial - Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the CRANIAL SINUSES, large endothelium-lined ven...

Sneddon Syndrome - A systemic non-inflammatory arteriopathy primarily of middle-aged females characterized by the assoc...

Spasms, Infantile - An epileptic syndrome characterized by the triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and arrest of ...

Sphingolipidoses - A group of inherited metabolic disorders characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of SPHINGO...

Spinal Cord Compression - Acute and chronic conditions characterized by external mechanical compression of the SPINAL CORD due...

Spinal Cord Diseases - Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving...

Spinal Cord Injuries - Penetrating and non-penetrating injuries to the spinal cord resulting from traumatic external forces...

Spinal Cord Ischemia - Reduced blood flow to the spinal cord which is supplied by the anterior spinal artery and the paired...

Spinal Cord Neoplasms - Benign and malignant neoplasms which occur within the substance of the spinal cord (intramedullary n...

Spinal Cord Vascular Diseases - Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS feeding the SPINAL CORD, such as the anter...

Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood - A group of recessively inherited diseases that feature progressive muscular atrophy and hypotonia. T...

Spinocerebellar Ataxias - A group of dominantly inherited, predominately late-onset, cerebellar ataxias which have been divide...

Spinocerebellar Degenerations - A heterogenous group of degenerative syndromes marked by progressive cerebellar dysfunction either i...

Status Epilepticus - A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occu...

Stiff-Person Syndrome - A condition characterized by persistent spasms (SPASM) involving multiple muscles, primarily in the ...

Striatonigral Degeneration - A sporadic neurodegenerative disease with onset in middle-age characterized clinically by Parkinsoni...

Stroke - A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological func...

Subacute Combined Degeneration - A neuropathy due to VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY or to excessive NITROUS OXIDE inhalation. It is associat...

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis - A rare, slowly progressive encephalitis caused by chronic infection with the MEASLES VIRUS. The cond...

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURY...

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic - Bleeding into the SUBARACHNOID SPACE due to CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Minor hemorrhages may be asymptom...

Subclavian Steal Syndrome - A clinically significant reduction in blood supply to the BRAIN STEM and CEREBELLUM (i.e., VERTEBROB...

Subdural Effusion - Leakage and accumulation of CEREBROSPINAL FLUID in the subdural space which may be associated with a...

Sulfatidosis - A group of inherited metabolic disorders characterized by the intralysosomal accumulation of sulfur-...

SUNCT Syndrome - A primary headache disorder that is characterized by frequent short-lasting, unilateral, neuralgifor...

Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive - A degenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR M...

Supratentorial Neoplasms - Primary and metastatic (secondary) tumors of the brain located above the tentorium cerebelli, a fold...

Susac Syndrome - A rare disorder consisting of microangiopathy of brain, retina, and inner ear ARTERIOLES. It is char...

Syringomyelia - Longitudinal cavities in the spinal cord, most often in the cervical region, which may extend for mu...

Tabes Dorsalis - Parenchymatous NEUROSYPHILIS marked by slowly progressive degeneration of the posterior columns, pos...

Tay-Sachs Disease - An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the onset in infancy of an exagge...

Tay-Sachs Disease, AB Variant - A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that begins with muscle weakness, then progresses to startl...

Tension-Type Headache - A common primary headache disorder, characterized by a dull, non-pulsatile, diffuse, band-like (or v...

Thalamic Diseases - Disorders of the centrally located thalamus, which integrates a wide range of cortical and subcortic...

Tic Disorders - Disorders characterized by recurrent TICS that may interfere with speech and other activities. Tics ...

Torticollis - A symptom, not a disease, of a twisted neck. In most instances, the head is tipped toward one side a...

Tourette Syndrome - A neuropsychological disorder related to alterations in DOPAMINE metabolism and neurotransmission in...

Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - Infections of the BRAIN caused by the protozoan TOXOPLASMA gondii that primarily arise in individual...

Toxoplasmosis, Congenital - Prenatal protozoal infection with TOXOPLASMA gondii which is associated with injury to the developin...

Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias - Primary headache disorders that show symptoms caused by the activation of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYST...

Tuberculoma, Intracranial - A well-circumscribed mass composed of tuberculous granulation tissue that may occur in the cerebral ...

Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System - Tuberculosis of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges (TUBERCULOSIS, MENINGEAL), most often caused by ...

Tuberculosis, Meningeal - A form of bacterial meningitis caused by MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS or rarely MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS. T...

Tyrosinemias - A group of disorders which have in common elevations of tyrosine in the blood and urine secondary to...

Unverricht-Lundborg Syndrome - An autosomal recessive condition characterized by recurrent myoclonic and generalized seizures, ATAX...

Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn - Rare congenital metabolism disorders of the urea cycle. The disorders are due to mutations that resu...

Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome - A syndrome characterized by bilateral granulomatous UVEITIS with IRITIS and secondary GLAUCOMA, prem...

Vascular Headaches - Secondary headache disorders attributed to a variety of cranial or cervical vascular disorders, such...

Vasculitis, Central Nervous System - Inflammation of blood vessels within the central nervous system. Primary vasculitis is usually cause...

Vasospasm, Intracranial - Constriction of arteries in the SKULL due to sudden, sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contr...

Vein of Galen Malformations - Congenital arteriovenous malformation involving the VEIN OF GALEN, a large deep vein at the base of ...

Vertebral Artery Dissection - Splitting of the vessel wall in the VERTEBRAL ARTERY. Interstitial hemorrhage into the media of the ...

Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency - Localized or diffuse reduction in blood flow through the vertebrobasilar arterial system, which supp...

Wasting Disease, Chronic - A transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (prion disease) of DEER and elk characterized by chronic w...

Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome - A condition caused by overwhelming BACTERIAL INFECTIONS or SEPTICEMIA, leading to HEMORRHAGE and NEC...

Wernicke Encephalopathy - An acute neurological disorder characterized by the triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and disturbanc...

West Nile Fever - A mosquito-borne viral illness caused by the WEST NILE VIRUS, a FLAVIVIRUS and endemic to regions of...

Zellweger Syndrome - An autosomal recessive disorder due to defects in PEROXISOME biogenesis which involves more than 13 ...

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Common Chronic Illnesses

Coronary Disease

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.
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Hypertension

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

Mesothelioma

A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Osteoarthritis

A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.

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