Nervous System Physiological Phenomena
Categorical breakdown of terms falling inder the category of Nervous System Physiological Phenomena. Sub categories will become more specific in nature to the terms listed for Nervous System Physiological Phenomena.
Sub-Categories
Terms
Action Potentials - Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in re...
Arousal - Cortical vigilance or readiness of tone, presumed to be in response to sensory stimulation via the r...
Arthralgia - Pain in the joint....
Axonal Transport - The directed transport of ORGANELLES and molecules along nerve cell AXONS. Transport can be anterogr...
Baroreflex - A response by the BARORECEPTORS to increased BLOOD PRESSURE. Increased pressure stretches BLOOD VESS...
Blinking - Brief closing of the eyelids by involuntary normal periodic closing, as a protective measure, or by ...
Bone Conduction - Transmission of sound waves through vibration of bones in the SKULL to the inner ear (COCHLEA). By u...
Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure - Manometric pressure of the CEREBROSPINAL FLUID as measured by lumbar, cerebroventricular, or cistern...
Chronaxy - The shortest duration of an electrical stimulus where the threshold amplitude is twice the rheobase ...
Cochlear Microphonic Potentials - The electric response of the cochlear hair cells to acoustic stimulation....
Color Vision - Function of the human eye that is used in bright illumination or in daylight (at photopic intensitie...
Contingent Negative Variation - A negative shift of the cortical electrical potentials that increases over time. It is associated wi...
Cortical Spreading Depression - The decrease in neuronal activity (related to a decrease in metabolic demand) extending from the sit...
Dominance, Cerebral - Dominance of one cerebral hemisphere over the other in cerebral functions....
Dominance, Ocular - The functional superiority and preferential use of one eye over the other. The term is usually appli...
Event-Related Potentials, P300 - A late-appearing component of the event-related potential. P300 stands for a positive deflection in ...
Evoked Potentials - The recorded electrical responses from nerve, muscle, SENSORY RECEPTOR, or area of the CENTRAL NERVO...
Evoked Potentials, Auditory - The electric response evoked in the CEREBRAL CORTEX by ACOUSTIC STIMULATION or stimulation of the AU...
Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem - Electrical waves in the CEREBRAL CORTEX generated by BRAIN STEM structures in response to auditory c...
Evoked Potentials, Motor - The electrical response evoked in a muscle or motor nerve by electrical or magnetic stimulation. Com...
Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory - The electric response evoked in the CEREBRAL CORTEX by stimulation along AFFERENT PATHWAYS from PERI...
Evoked Potentials, Visual - The electric response evoked in the cerebral cortex by visual stimulation or stimulation of the visu...
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials - Depolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during neurotransm...
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials - Depolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during neurotransm...
Functional Laterality - Behavioral manifestations of cerebral dominance in which there is preferential use and superior func...
Gagging - Clinical manifestation of the digestive system consisting of contraction of the muscle of the pharyn...
Gravity Sensing - Process whereby a cell, bodily structure, or organism (animal or plant) receives or detects a gravit...
Habituation, Psychophysiologic - The disappearance of responsiveness to a repeated stimulation. It does not include drug habituation....
Hearing - The ability or act of sensing and transducing ACOUSTIC STIMULATION to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. It...
Higher Nervous Activity - A term used in Eastern European research literature on brain and behavior physiology for cortical fu...
H-Reflex - A monosynaptic reflex elicited by stimulating a nerve, particularly the tibial nerve, with an electr...
Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials - Hyperpolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during NEUROTRA...
Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials - Hyperpolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during NEUROTRA...
Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials - Hyperpolarization of membrane potentials at the SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES of target neurons during NEUROTRA...
Intracranial Pressure - Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dyna...
Kindling, Neurologic - The repeated weak excitation of brain structures, that progressively increases sensitivity to the sa...
Kinesthesis - Sense of movement of a part of the body, such as movement of fingers, elbows, knees, limbs, or weigh...
Long-Term Potentiation - A persistent increase in synaptic efficacy, usually induced by appropriate activation of the same sy...
Long-Term Synaptic Depression - A persistent activity-dependent decrease in synaptic efficacy between NEURONS. It typically occurs f...
Membrane Potentials - The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting t...
Mesopic Vision - The function of the eye that is used in the intermediate level of illumination (mesopic intensities)...
Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials - Postsynaptic potentials generated from a release of neurotransmitters from a presynaptic nerve termi...
Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials - Postsynaptic potentials generated from a release of neurotransmitters from a presynaptic nerve termi...
Myoelectric Complex, Migrating - A pattern of gastrointestinal muscle contraction and depolarizing myoelectric activity that moves fr...
Nerve Regeneration - Renewal or physiological repair of damaged nerve tissue....
Nervous System Physiological Phenomena - Characteristic properties and processes of the NERVOUS SYSTEM as a whole or with reference to the pe...
Nervous System Physiological Processes - Biological actions and events that constitute the functions of the NERVOUS SYSTEM....
Neural Conduction - The propagation of the NERVE IMPULSE along the nerve away from the site of an excitation stimulus....
Neural Inhibition - The function of opposing or restraining the excitation of neurons or their target excitable cells....
Neuroimmunomodulation - The biochemical and electrophysiological interactions between the NERVOUS SYSTEM and IMMUNE SYSTEM t...
Neuronal Plasticity - The capacity of the NERVOUS SYSTEM to change its reactivity as the result of successive activations....
Neurosecretion - The production and release of substances such as NEUROTRANSMITTERS or HORMONES from nerve cells....
Night Vision - Function of the human eye that is used in dim illumination (scotopic intensities) or at nighttime. S...
Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous - Self-generated faint acoustic signals from the inner ear (COCHLEA) without external stimulation. The...
Pain - An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIV...
Pain Threshold - Amount of stimulation required before the sensation of pain is experienced....
Phosphenes - A subjective visual sensation with the eyes closed and in the absence of light. Phosphenes can be sp...
Piloerection - Involuntary erection or bristling of hairs....
Postural Balance - A POSTURE in which an ideal body mass distribution is achieved. Postural balance provides the body c...
Proprioception - Sensory functions that transduce stimuli received by proprioceptive receptors in joints, tendons, mu...
Psychomotor Performance - The coordination of a sensory or ideational (cognitive) process and a motor activity....
Reaction Time - The time from the onset of a stimulus until a response is observed....
Recruitment, Neurophysiological - The spread of response if stimulation is prolonged. (Campbell's Psychiatric Dictionary, 8th ed.)...
Reflex - An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied...
Reflex, Abdominal - Contractions of the abdominal muscles upon stimulation of the skin (superficial abdominal reflex) or...
Reflex, Abnormal - An abnormal response to a stimulus applied to the sensory components of the nervous system. This may...
Reflex, Acoustic - Intra-aural contraction of tensor tympani and stapedius in response to sound....
Reflex, Monosynaptic - A reflex in which the AFFERENT NEURONS synapse directly on the EFFERENT NEURONS, without any INTERCA...
Reflex, Oculocardiac - Change of heartbeat induced by pressure on the eyeball, manipulation of extraocular muscles, or pres...
Reflex, Pupillary - Constriction of the pupil in response to light stimulation of the retina. It refers also to any refl...
Reflex, Stretch - Reflex contraction of a muscle in response to stretching, which stimulates muscle proprioceptors....
Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular - A reflex wherein impulses are conveyed from the cupulas of the SEMICIRCULAR CANALS and from the OTOL...
Refractory Period, Electrophysiological - The period of time following the triggering of an ACTION POTENTIAL when the CELL MEMBRANE has change...
Refractory Period, Electrophysiological - The period of time following the triggering of an ACTION POTENTIAL when the CELL MEMBRANE has change...
Rod-Cone Interaction - Reciprocal action of two vertebrate photoreceptor cells (RODS AND CONES). Rod-cone interaction occur...
Sensation - The process in which specialized SENSORY RECEPTOR CELLS transduce peripheral stimuli (physical or ch...
Sensory Gating - The ability of the BRAIN to suppress neuronal responses to external sensory inputs, such as auditory...
Sleep - A readily reversible suspension of sensorimotor interaction with the environment, usually associated...
Sleep Deprivation - The state of being deprived of sleep under experimental conditions, due to life events, or from a wi...
Sleep Stages - Periods of sleep manifested by changes in EEG activity and certain behavioral correlates; includes S...
Sleep, REM - A stage of sleep characterized by rapid movements of the eye and low voltage fast pattern EEG. It is...
Smell - The ability to detect scents or odors, such as the function of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS....
Speech - Communication through a system of conventional vocal symbols....
Speech Acoustics - The acoustic aspects of speech in terms of frequency, intensity, and time....
Speech Acoustics - The acoustic aspects of speech in terms of frequency, intensity, and time....
Speech Intelligibility - Ability to make speech sounds that are recognizable....
Startle Reaction - A complex involuntary response to an unexpected strong stimulus usually auditory in nature....
Synaptic Potentials - The voltages across pre- or post-SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES....
Synaptic Potentials - The voltages across pre- or post-SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES....
Synaptic Transmission - The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In...
Taste - The ability to detect chemicals through gustatory receptors in the mouth, including those on the TON...
Taste Threshold - The minimum concentration at which taste sensitivity to a particular substance or food can be percei...
Taste Threshold - The minimum concentration at which taste sensitivity to a particular substance or food can be percei...
Temperature Sense - The sensation of cold, heat, coolness, and warmth....
Touch - Sensation of making physical contact with objects, animate or inanimate. Tactile stimuli are detecte...
Vision, Entoptic - Visual sensation derived from sensory stimulation by objects or shadows inside the eye itself, such ...
Vision, Ocular - The process in which light signals are transformed by the PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS into electrical signal...
Wakefulness - A state in which there is an enhanced potential for sensitivity and an efficient responsiveness to e...
Common Chronic Illnesses
Coronary Disease
An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.
Diabetes Supplies | Diabetic Groups
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.
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Hypertension
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.
Mesothelioma
A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Osteoarthritis
A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.
