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Biopolymers

Categorical breakdown of terms falling inder the category of Biopolymers. Sub categories will become more specific in nature to the terms listed for Biopolymers.

Sub-Categories

Terms

Actin Capping Proteins - Actin capping proteins are cytoskeletal proteins that bind to the ends of ACTIN FILAMENTS to regulat...

Actin Depolymerizing Factors - A family of low MOLECULAR WEIGHT actin-binding proteins found throughout eukaryotes. They remodel th...

Actinin - A protein factor that regulates the length of R-actin. It is chemically similar, but immunochemicall...

Actin-Related Protein 2 - A PROFILIN binding domain protein that is part of the Arp2-3 complex. It is related in sequence and ...

Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex - A complex of seven proteins including ARP2 PROTEIN and ARP3 PROTEIN that plays an essential role in ...

Actin-Related Protein 3 - A component of the Arp2-3 complex that is related in sequence and structure to ACTIN and that binds ...

Actins - Filamentous proteins that are the main constituent of the thin filaments of muscle fibers. The filam...

Amber - A yellowish fossil resin, the gum of several species of coniferous trees, found in the alluvial depo...

Atrial Myosins - Myosin type II isoforms specifically found in the atrial muscle of the heart....

Balsams - Resinous substances which most commonly originate from trees. In addition to resins, they contain oi...

beta-Keratins - Keratins that form into a beta-pleated sheet structure. They are principle constituents of the corne...

Biopolymers - Polymers synthesized by living organisms. They play a role in the formation of macromolecular struct...

CapZ Actin Capping Protein - An actin capping protein that binds to the barbed-ends of ACTIN filaments. It is a heterodimer consi...

Cardiac Myosins - Myosin type II isoforms found in cardiac muscle....

Cellulose - A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in CELLOBIOSE. It is the chief constituent of plant fi...

Cellulose, Oxidized - A cellulose of varied carboxyl content retaining the fibrous structure. It is used as a local hemost...

Chewing Gum - A preparation of chicle, sometimes mixed with other plastic substances, sweetened and flavored. It i...

Chitin - A linear polysaccharide of beta-1->4 linked units of ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE. It is the second most abunda...

Chitosan - Deacetylated CHITIN, a linear polysaccharide of deacetylated beta-1,4-D-glucosamine. It is used in H...

Cofilin 1 - Cofilin 1 is a member of the cofilin family of proteins that is expressed in non-muscle CELLS. It ha...

Cofilin 2 - A member of the cofilin family of proteins that is expressed in MUSCLE CELLS. It has ACTIN depolyme...

Collagen - A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It i...

Collagen Type I - The most common form of fibrillar collagen. It is a major constituent of bone (BONE AND BONES) and S...

Collagen Type II - A fibrillar collagen found predominantly in CARTILAGE and vitreous humor. It consists of three ident...

Collagen Type III - A fibrillar collagen consisting of three identical alpha1(III) chains that is widely distributed in ...

Collagen Type V - A fibrillar collagen found widely distributed as a minor component in tissues that contain COLLAGEN ...

Collagen Type XI - A fibrillar collagen found primarily in interstitial CARTILAGE. Collagen type XI is heterotrimer con...

Cortactin - A microfilament protein that interacts with F-ACTIN and regulates cortical actin assembly and organi...

Desmin - An intermediate filament protein found predominantly in smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle cells. ...

Destrin - A member of the actin depolymerizing factors. Its depolymerizing activity is independent of HYDROGEN...

Dextrans - A group of glucose polymers made by certain bacteria. Dextrans are used therapeutically as plasma vo...

Fibrillar Collagens - A family of structurally related collagens that form the characteristic collagen fibril bundles seen...

Gelsolin - A 90-kDa protein produced by macrophages that severs ACTIN filaments and forms a cap on the newly ex...

Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein - An intermediate filament protein found only in glial cells or cells of glial origin. MW 51,000....

Glucans - Polysaccharides composed of repeating glucose units. They can consist of branched or unbranched chai...

Gum Arabic - Powdered exudate from various Acacia species, especially A. senegal (Leguminosae). It forms mucilage...

Hydrolyzable Tannins - Polymeric derivatives of GALLIC ACID that are esters of a sugar....

Intermediate Filament Proteins - Filaments 7-11 nm in diameter found in the cytoplasm of all cells. Many specific proteins belong to ...

Inulin - A starch found in the tubers and roots of many plants. Since it is hydrolyzable to FRUCTOSE, it is c...

Karaya Gum - Polysaccharide gum from Sterculia urens (STERCULIA). It is used as a suspending or stabilizing agen...

Keratin-1 - A type II keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-10 in terminally differentiated epiderma...

Keratin-10 - A type I keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-1 in terminally differentiated epidermal ...

Keratin-12 - A type I keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-3 in the CORNEA and is regarded as a mark...

Keratin-13 - A type I keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-4 in the internal stratified EPITHELIUM. ...

Keratin-14 - A type I keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-5 in the internal stratified EPITHELIUM. ...

Keratin-16 - A type I keratin expressed in a variety of EPITHELIUM, including the ESOPHAGUS, the TONGUE, the HAIR...

Keratin-17 - A type I keratin found associated with KERATIN-6 in rapidly proliferating squamous epithelial tissue...

Keratin-18 - A type I keratin found associated with KERATIN-8 in simple, or predominately single layered, interna...

Keratin-19 - A type I keratin found associated with KERATIN-7 in ductal epithelia and gastrointestinal epithelia....

Keratin-2 - A type II keratin found expressed in the upper spinous layer of epidermal KERATINOCYTES. Mutations i...

Keratin-20 - A type I keratin expressed predominately in gastrointestinal epithelia, MERKEL CELLS, and the TASTE ...

Keratin-3 - A type II keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-12 in the CORNEA and is regarded as a ma...

Keratin-4 - A type II keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-13 in the internal stratified EPITHELIUM...

Keratin-5 - A type II keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-14 in the internal stratified EPITHELIUM...

Keratin-6 - A type II keratin found associated with KERATIN-16 or KERATIN-17 in rapidly proliferating squamous e...

Keratin-7 - A type II keratin found associated with KERATIN-19 in ductal epithelia and gastrointestinal epitheli...

Keratin-8 - A type II keratin found associated with KERATIN-18 in simple, or predominately single layered, inter...

Keratin-9 - A type II keratin found predominantly expressed in the terminally differentiated EPIDERMIS of palms ...

Keratins - A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS...

Keratins, Hair-Specific - Keratins that are specific for hard tissues such as HAIR; NAILS; and the filiform papillae of the TO...

Keratins, Type I - A keratin subtype that includes keratins that are generally smaller and more acidic that TYPE II KER...

Keratins, Type II - A keratin subtype that includes keratins that are generally larger and less acidic that TYPE I KERAT...

Latex - A milky, product excreted from the latex canals of a variety of plant species that contain cauotchou...

Lignin - The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together wit...

Lignin - The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together wit...

Liver Glycogen - Glycogen stored in the liver. (Dorland, 28th ed)...

Microfilament Proteins - Filaments which are composed primarily of actin and found in the cytoplasmic matrix of almost all ce...

Microtubule Proteins - Proteins found in the microtubules....

Myosin Heavy Chains - The larger subunits of MYOSINS. The heavy chains have a molecular weight of about 230 kDa and each h...

Myosin Light Chains - The smaller subunits of MYOSINS that bind near the head groups of MYOSIN HEAVY CHAINS. The myosin l...

Myosin Subfragments - Parts of the myosin molecule resulting from cleavage by proteolytic enzymes (PAPAIN; TRYPSIN; or CHY...

Myosin Type I - A subclass of myosins found generally associated with actin-rich membrane structures such as filopod...

Myosin Type II - The subfamily of myosin proteins that are commonly found in muscle fibers. Myosin II is also involve...

Myosin Type III - A subclass of myosins originally found in the photoreceptor of DROSOPHILA. The heavy chains can occu...

Myosin Type IV - A subclass of myosin found in ACANTHAMOEBA. It is a non-filamentous myosin containing a single 180-k...

Myosin Type V - A subclass of myosin involved in organelle transport and membrane targeting. It is abundantly found ...

Myosins - A diverse superfamily of proteins that function as translocating proteins. They share the common cha...

Neurofilament Proteins - Type III intermediate filament proteins that assemble into neurofilaments, the major cytoskeletal el...

Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA - A nonmuscle isoform of myosin type II found predominantly in platelets, lymphocytes, neutrophils and...

Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB - A nonmuscle isoform of myosin type II found predominantly in neuronal tissue....

Pectins - High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell w...

Plant Gums - Polysaccharide gums from PLANTS....

Polyhydroxyalkanoates - Fatty acid biopolymers that are biosynthesized by microbial polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase enzymes. T...

Proanthocyanidins - Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to...

Profilins - A family of low molecular weight proteins that bind ACTIN and control actin polymerization. They are...

Propolis - A resinous substance obtained from beehives that is used traditionally as an antimicrobial. It is a...

Resins, Plant - Flammable, amorphous, vegetable products of secretion or disintegration, usually formed in special c...

Reticulin - A scleroprotein fibril consisting mostly of type III collagen. Reticulin fibrils are extremely thin,...

Silk - A continuous protein fiber consisting primarily of FIBROINS. It is synthesized by a variety of INSEC...

Skeletal Muscle Myosins - Myosin type II isoforms found in skeletal muscle....

Smooth Muscle Myosins - Myosin type II isoforms found in smooth muscle....

Starch - Any of a group of polysaccharides of the general formula (C6-H10-O5)n, composed of a long-chain poly...

Tannins - Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydro...

Tragacanth - Powdered exudate from Astragalus gummifer and related plants. It forms gelatinous mass in water. Tra...

Tropomodulin - An actin capping protein that binds to the pointed-end of ACTIN. It functions in the presence of TRO...

Tropomyosin - A protein found in the thin filaments of muscle fibers. It inhibits contraction of the muscle unless...

Troponin - One of the minor protein components of skeletal muscle. Its function is to serve as the calcium-bind...

Troponin C - One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex of skeletal muscle. It is a ca...

Troponin I - One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It inhibits F-actin-myosin in...

Troponin T - One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It is a cardiac-specific prot...

Tubulin - A microtubule subunit protein found in large quantities in mammalian brain. It has also been isolate...

Ventricular Myosins - Isoforms of MYOSIN TYPE II, specifically found in the ventricular muscle of the HEART. Defects in th...

Vimentin - An intermediate filament protein found in most differentiating cells, in cells grown in tissue cultu...

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein - WASP protein is mutated in WISKOTT-ALDRICH SYNDROME and is expressed primarily in hematopoietic cell...

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family - A family of microfilament proteins whose name derives from the fact that mutations in members of thi...

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein, Neuronal - A member of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family that is found at high levels in NERVE CELLS....