Polymers
Categorical breakdown of terms falling inder the category of Polymers. Sub categories will become more specific in nature to the terms listed for Polymers.
Sub-Categories
Terms
Actin Capping Proteins - Actin capping proteins are cytoskeletal proteins that bind to the ends of ACTIN FILAMENTS to regulat...
Actin Depolymerizing Factors - A family of low MOLECULAR WEIGHT actin-binding proteins found throughout eukaryotes. They remodel th...
Actinin - A protein factor that regulates the length of R-actin. It is chemically similar, but immunochemicall...
Actin-Related Protein 2 - A PROFILIN binding domain protein that is part of the Arp2-3 complex. It is related in sequence and ...
Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex - A complex of seven proteins including ARP2 PROTEIN and ARP3 PROTEIN that plays an essential role in ...
Actin-Related Protein 3 - A component of the Arp2-3 complex that is related in sequence and structure to ACTIN and that binds ...
Actins - Filamentous proteins that are the main constituent of the thin filaments of muscle fibers. The filam...
Amber - A yellowish fossil resin, the gum of several species of coniferous trees, found in the alluvial depo...
Atrial Myosins - Myosin type II isoforms specifically found in the atrial muscle of the heart....
Balsams - Resinous substances which most commonly originate from trees. In addition to resins, they contain oi...
beta-Keratins - Keratins that form into a beta-pleated sheet structure. They are principle constituents of the corne...
Biopolymers - Polymers synthesized by living organisms. They play a role in the formation of macromolecular struct...
Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate - The reaction product of bisphenol A and glycidyl methacrylate that undergoes polymerization when exp...
Bone Cements - Adhesives used to fix prosthetic devices to bones and to cement bone to bone in difficult fractures....
Bucrylate - Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive also used to occlude blood vessels supplying neoplastic or other disea...
CapZ Actin Capping Protein - An actin capping protein that binds to the barbed-ends of ACTIN filaments. It is a heterodimer consi...
Cardiac Myosins - Myosin type II isoforms found in cardiac muscle....
Cellulose - A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in CELLOBIOSE. It is the chief constituent of plant fi...
Cellulose, Oxidized - A cellulose of varied carboxyl content retaining the fibrous structure. It is used as a local hemost...
Cetomacrogol - Non-ionic surfactant of the polyethylene glycol family. It is used as a solubilizer and emulsifying ...
Chewing Gum - A preparation of chicle, sometimes mixed with other plastic substances, sweetened and flavored. It i...
Chitin - A linear polysaccharide of beta-1->4 linked units of ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE. It is the second most abunda...
Chitosan - Deacetylated CHITIN, a linear polysaccharide of deacetylated beta-1,4-D-glucosamine. It is used in H...
Cholestyramine Resin - A strongly basic anion exchange resin whose main constituent is polystyrene trimethylbenzylammonium ...
Cofilin 1 - Cofilin 1 is a member of the cofilin family of proteins that is expressed in non-muscle CELLS. It ha...
Cofilin 2 - A member of the cofilin family of proteins that is expressed in MUSCLE CELLS. It has ACTIN depolyme...
Colestipol - Highly crosslinked and insoluble basic anion exchange resin used as anticholesteremic. It may also m...
Collagen - A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It i...
Collagen Type I - The most common form of fibrillar collagen. It is a major constituent of bone (BONE AND BONES) and S...
Collagen Type II - A fibrillar collagen found predominantly in CARTILAGE and vitreous humor. It consists of three ident...
Collagen Type III - A fibrillar collagen consisting of three identical alpha1(III) chains that is widely distributed in ...
Collagen Type V - A fibrillar collagen found widely distributed as a minor component in tissues that contain COLLAGEN ...
Collagen Type XI - A fibrillar collagen found primarily in interstitial CARTILAGE. Collagen type XI is heterotrimer con...
Compomers - Composite materials composed of an ion-leachable glass embedded in a polymeric matrix. They differ f...
Composite Resins - Synthetic resins, containing an inert filler, that are widely used in dentistry....
Cortactin - A microfilament protein that interacts with F-ACTIN and regulates cortical actin assembly and organi...
Cyanoacrylates - A group of compounds having the general formula CH2=C(CN)-COOR; it polymerizes on contact with moist...
Dendrimers - Tree-like, highly branched, polymeric compounds. They grow three-dimensionally by the addition of sh...
Desmin - An intermediate filament protein found predominantly in smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle cells. ...
Destrin - A member of the actin depolymerizing factors. Its depolymerizing activity is independent of HYDROGEN...
Dextrans - A group of glucose polymers made by certain bacteria. Dextrans are used therapeutically as plasma vo...
Dimethylpolysiloxanes - Silicone polymers which consist of silicon atoms substituted with methyl groups and linked by oxygen...
Enbucrilate - A tissue adhesive that is applied as a monomer to moist tissue and polymerizes to form a bond. It is...
Epoxy Resins - Organic compounds containing an epoxide group and characterized by strength and thermosetting proper...
Fibrillar Collagens - A family of structurally related collagens that form the characteristic collagen fibril bundles seen...
Gelsolin - A 90-kDa protein produced by macrophages that severs ACTIN filaments and forms a cap on the newly ex...
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein - An intermediate filament protein found only in glial cells or cells of glial origin. MW 51,000....
Glucans - Polysaccharides composed of repeating glucose units. They can consist of branched or unbranched chai...
Gum Arabic - Powdered exudate from various Acacia species, especially A. senegal (Leguminosae). It forms mucilage...
Hexadimethrine - A synthetic polymer which agglutinates red blood cells. It is used as a heparin antagonist....
Hydrogel - A network of cross-linked hydrophilic macromolecules used in biomedical applications....
Hydrolyzable Tannins - Polymeric derivatives of GALLIC ACID that are esters of a sugar....
Intermediate Filament Proteins - Filaments 7-11 nm in diameter found in the cytoplasm of all cells. Many specific proteins belong to ...
Inulin - A starch found in the tubers and roots of many plants. Since it is hydrolyzable to FRUCTOSE, it is c...
Karaya Gum - Polysaccharide gum from Sterculia urens (STERCULIA). It is used as a suspending or stabilizing agen...
Keratin-1 - A type II keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-10 in terminally differentiated epiderma...
Keratin-10 - A type I keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-1 in terminally differentiated epidermal ...
Keratin-12 - A type I keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-3 in the CORNEA and is regarded as a mark...
Keratin-13 - A type I keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-4 in the internal stratified EPITHELIUM. ...
Keratin-14 - A type I keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-5 in the internal stratified EPITHELIUM. ...
Keratin-16 - A type I keratin expressed in a variety of EPITHELIUM, including the ESOPHAGUS, the TONGUE, the HAIR...
Keratin-17 - A type I keratin found associated with KERATIN-6 in rapidly proliferating squamous epithelial tissue...
Keratin-18 - A type I keratin found associated with KERATIN-8 in simple, or predominately single layered, interna...
Keratin-19 - A type I keratin found associated with KERATIN-7 in ductal epithelia and gastrointestinal epithelia....
Keratin-2 - A type II keratin found expressed in the upper spinous layer of epidermal KERATINOCYTES. Mutations i...
Keratin-20 - A type I keratin expressed predominately in gastrointestinal epithelia, MERKEL CELLS, and the TASTE ...
Keratin-3 - A type II keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-12 in the CORNEA and is regarded as a ma...
Keratin-4 - A type II keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-13 in the internal stratified EPITHELIUM...
Keratin-5 - A type II keratin that is found associated with the KERATIN-14 in the internal stratified EPITHELIUM...
Keratin-6 - A type II keratin found associated with KERATIN-16 or KERATIN-17 in rapidly proliferating squamous e...
Keratin-7 - A type II keratin found associated with KERATIN-19 in ductal epithelia and gastrointestinal epitheli...
Keratin-8 - A type II keratin found associated with KERATIN-18 in simple, or predominately single layered, inter...
Keratin-9 - A type II keratin found predominantly expressed in the terminally differentiated EPIDERMIS of palms ...
Keratins - A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS...
Keratins, Hair-Specific - Keratins that are specific for hard tissues such as HAIR; NAILS; and the filiform papillae of the TO...
Keratins, Type I - A keratin subtype that includes keratins that are generally smaller and more acidic that TYPE II KER...
Keratins, Type II - A keratin subtype that includes keratins that are generally larger and less acidic that TYPE I KERAT...
Latex - A milky, product excreted from the latex canals of a variety of plant species that contain cauotchou...
Lignin - The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together wit...
Lignin - The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together wit...
Liver Glycogen - Glycogen stored in the liver. (Dorland, 28th ed)...
Methylmethacrylate - The methyl ester of methacrylic acid. It polymerizes easily to form POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE. It is u...
Methylmethacrylates - The methyl esters of methacrylic acid that polymerize easily and are used as tissue cements, dental ...
Microfilament Proteins - Filaments which are composed primarily of actin and found in the cytoplasmic matrix of almost all ce...
Microtubule Proteins - Proteins found in the microtubules....
Myosin Heavy Chains - The larger subunits of MYOSINS. The heavy chains have a molecular weight of about 230 kDa and each h...
Myosin Light Chains - The smaller subunits of MYOSINS that bind near the head groups of MYOSIN HEAVY CHAINS. The myosin l...
Myosin Subfragments - Parts of the myosin molecule resulting from cleavage by proteolytic enzymes (PAPAIN; TRYPSIN; or CHY...
Myosin Type I - A subclass of myosins found generally associated with actin-rich membrane structures such as filopod...
Myosin Type II - The subfamily of myosin proteins that are commonly found in muscle fibers. Myosin II is also involve...
Myosin Type III - A subclass of myosins originally found in the photoreceptor of DROSOPHILA. The heavy chains can occu...
Myosin Type IV - A subclass of myosin found in ACANTHAMOEBA. It is a non-filamentous myosin containing a single 180-k...
Myosin Type V - A subclass of myosin involved in organelle transport and membrane targeting. It is abundantly found ...
Myosins - A diverse superfamily of proteins that function as translocating proteins. They share the common cha...
Neurofilament Proteins - Type III intermediate filament proteins that assemble into neurofilaments, the major cytoskeletal el...
Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA - A nonmuscle isoform of myosin type II found predominantly in platelets, lymphocytes, neutrophils and...
Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB - A nonmuscle isoform of myosin type II found predominantly in neuronal tissue....
Nonoxynol - Nonionic surfactant mixtures varying in the number of repeating ethoxy (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) groups. ...
Nylons - Polymers where the main polymer chain comprises recurring amide groups. These compounds are generall...
Octoxynol - Nonionic surfactant mixtures varying in the number of repeating ethoxy (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) groups. ...
Pectins - High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell w...
Plant Gums - Polysaccharide gums from PLANTS....
Plastics - Polymeric materials (usually organic) of large molecular weight which can be shaped by flow. Plastic...
Poloxalene - A copolymer of polyethylene and polypropylene ether glycol. It is a non-ionic polyol surface-active ...
Poloxamer - A nonionic polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block co-polymer with the general formula HO(C2H4O)a(-C3...
Polyanetholesulfonate - A compound originally developed as an anticoagulant, but possessing anticomplement action and loweri...
Polyanhydrides - Anhydride polymers with a repeating structure of RC(=O)OC(=O)R. They readily hydrolyze in water maki...
Polydioxanone - An absorbable suture material used also as ligating clips, as pins for internal fixation of broken b...
Polyesters - Polymers of organic acids and alcohols, with ester linkages--usually polyethylene terephthalate; can...
Polyethylene - A vinyl polymer made from ethylene. It can be branched or linear. Branched or low-density polyethyle...
Polyethylene Glycols - Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid...
Polyethylene Terephthalates - Polyester polymers formed from terephthalic acid or its esters and ethylene glycol. They can be form...
Polyethyleneimine - Strongly cationic polymer that binds to certain proteins; used as a marker in immunology, to precipi...
Polyethylenes - Synthetic thermoplastics that are tough, flexible, inert, and resistant to chemicals and electrical ...
Polygeline - A 3.5 per cent colloidal solution containing urea-cross-linked polymerized peptides. It has a molecu...
Polyglactin 910 - A polyester used for absorbable sutures & surgical mesh, especially in ophthalmic surgery. 2-Hydrox...
Polyglycolic Acid - A biocompatible polymer used as a surgical suture material....
Polyhydroxyalkanoates - Fatty acid biopolymers that are biosynthesized by microbial polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase enzymes. T...
Polyhydroxyalkanoates - Fatty acid biopolymers that are biosynthesized by microbial polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase enzymes. T...
Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate - A biocompatible, hydrophilic, inert gel that is permeable to tissue fluids. It is used as an embeddi...
Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate - A biocompatible, hydrophilic, inert gel that is permeable to tissue fluids. It is used as an embeddi...
Polymers - Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These...
Polymethacrylic Acids - Poly-2-methylpropenoic acids. Used in the manufacture of methacrylate resins and plastics in the for...
Polymethyl Methacrylate - Polymerized methyl methacrylate monomers which are used as sheets, moulding, extrusion powders, surf...
Polyphloretin Phosphate - A polymeric mixture of polyesters of phosphoric acid and phloretin. It blocks some cellular response...
Polypropylenes - Propylene or propene polymers. Thermoplastics that can be extruded into fibers, films or solid forms...
Polysorbates - Sorbitan mono-9-octadecanoate poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivatives; complex mixtures of polyoxyethyl...
Polystyrenes - Polymerized forms of styrene used as a biocompatible material, especially in dentistry. They are the...
Polytetrafluoroethylene - Homopolymer of tetrafluoroethylene. Nonflammable, tough, inert plastic tubing or sheeting; used to l...
Polyurethanes - A group of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers containing polyisocyanate. They are used as ELAST...
Polyvinyl Alcohol - A polymer prepared from polyvinyl acetates by replacement of the acetate groups with hydroxyl groups...
Polyvinyl Chloride - A polyvinyl resin used extensively in the manufacture of plastics, including medical devices, tubing...
Povidone - A polyvinyl polymer of variable molecular weight; used as suspending and dispersing agent and vehicl...
Povidone-Iodine - An iodinated polyvinyl polymer used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membran...
Proanthocyanidins - Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to...
Profilins - A family of low molecular weight proteins that bind ACTIN and control actin polymerization. They are...
Proplast - Polymer of polytetrafluoroethylene and carbon filaments; porous biocompatible material used in orofa...
Propolis - A resinous substance obtained from beehives that is used traditionally as an antimicrobial. It is a...
Pyran Copolymer - Copolymer of divinyl ether and maleic anhydride that acts as an immunostimulant with antineoplastic ...
Resin Cements - Dental cements composed either of polymethyl methacrylate or dimethacrylate, produced by mixing an a...
Resins, Plant - Flammable, amorphous, vegetable products of secretion or disintegration, usually formed in special c...
Resins, Synthetic - Polymers of high molecular weight which at some stage are capable of being molded and then harden to...
Reticulin - A scleroprotein fibril consisting mostly of type III collagen. Reticulin fibrils are extremely thin,...
Silicone Elastomers - Polymers of silicone that are formed by crosslinking and treatment with amorphous silica to increase...
Silicone Gels - Synthetic organosiloxane gels that are formed from synthetic polymers of silicone oxide with organic...
Silicone Oils - Organic siloxanes which are polymerized to the oily stage. The oils have low surface tension and den...
Silicones - A broad family of synthetic organosiloxane polymers containing a repeating silicon-oxygen backbone w...
Silk - A continuous protein fiber consisting primarily of FIBROINS. It is synthesized by a variety of INSEC...
Siloxanes - Silicon polymers that contain alternate silicon and oxygen atoms in linear or cyclic molecular struc...
Simethicone - A poly(dimethylsiloxane) which is a polymer of 200-350 units of dimethylsiloxane, along with added ...
Skeletal Muscle Myosins - Myosin type II isoforms found in skeletal muscle....
Smooth Muscle Myosins - Myosin type II isoforms found in smooth muscle....
Starch - Any of a group of polysaccharides of the general formula (C6-H10-O5)n, composed of a long-chain poly...
Tannins - Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydro...
Tragacanth - Powdered exudate from Astragalus gummifer and related plants. It forms gelatinous mass in water. Tra...
Tropomodulin - An actin capping protein that binds to the pointed-end of ACTIN. It functions in the presence of TRO...
Tropomyosin - A protein found in the thin filaments of muscle fibers. It inhibits contraction of the muscle unless...
Troponin - One of the minor protein components of skeletal muscle. Its function is to serve as the calcium-bind...
Troponin C - One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex of skeletal muscle. It is a ca...
Troponin I - One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It inhibits F-actin-myosin in...
Troponin T - One of the three polypeptide chains that make up the TROPONIN complex. It is a cardiac-specific prot...
Tubulin - A microtubule subunit protein found in large quantities in mammalian brain. It has also been isolate...
Ventricular Myosins - Isoforms of MYOSIN TYPE II, specifically found in the ventricular muscle of the HEART. Defects in th...
Vimentin - An intermediate filament protein found in most differentiating cells, in cells grown in tissue cultu...
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein - WASP protein is mutated in WISKOTT-ALDRICH SYNDROME and is expressed primarily in hematopoietic cell...
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family - A family of microfilament proteins whose name derives from the fact that mutations in members of thi...
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein, Neuronal - A member of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family that is found at high levels in NERVE CELLS....
Common Chronic Illnesses
Coronary Disease
An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.
Diabetes Supplies | Diabetic Groups
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.
Free Diabetes Supplies
Hypertension
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.
Mesothelioma
A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Osteoarthritis
A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.