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Heart Diseases

Categorical breakdown of terms falling inder the category of Heart Diseases. Sub categories will become more specific in nature to the terms listed for Heart Diseases.

Sub-Categories

Terms

Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm - A type of automatic, not reentrant, ectopic ventricular rhythm with episodes lasting from a few seco...

Acute Coronary Syndrome - An episode of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA that generally lasts longer than a transient anginal episode but t...

Adams-Stokes Syndrome - A condition of fainting spells caused by heart block, often an atrioventricular block, that leads to...

Andersen Syndrome - A form of inherited long QT syndrome (or LQT7) that is characterized by a triad of potassium-sensiti...

Angina Pectoris - The symptom of paroxysmal pain consequent to MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA usually of distinctive character, l...

Angina Pectoris, Variant - A clinical syndrome characterized by the development of CHEST PAIN at rest with concomitant transien...

Angina, Unstable - Precordial pain at rest, which may precede a MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION....

Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction - MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the anterior wall of the heart is involved. Anterior wall myocardial ...

Aortic Coarctation - A birth defect characterized by the narrowing of the AORTA that can be of varying degree and at any ...

Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular - A pathological constriction occurring in the region below the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by r...

Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular - A pathological constriction occurring in the region above the AORTIC VALVE. It is characterized by r...

Aortic Valve Insufficiency - Pathological condition characterized by the backflow of blood from the ASCENDING AORTA back into the...

Aortic Valve Prolapse - The downward displacement of the cuspal or pointed end of the trileaflet AORTIC VALVE causing misali...

Aortic Valve Stenosis - A pathological constriction that can occur above (supravalvular stenosis), below (subvalvular stenos...

Aortopulmonary Septal Defect - A developmental abnormality in which the spiral (aortopulmonary) septum failed to completely divide ...

Arrhythmia, Sinus - Irregular HEART RATE caused by abnormal function of the SINOATRIAL NODE. It is characterized by a gr...

Arrhythmias, Cardiac - Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrh...

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia - A congenital cardiomyopathy that is characterized by infiltration of adipose and fibrous tissue into...

Atrial Fibrillation - Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses ...

Atrial Flutter - Rapid, irregular atrial contractions caused by a block of electrical impulse conduction in the right...

Atrial Premature Complexes - A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature atrial contractions or beats caused by signals originati...

Atrioventricular Block - Impaired impulse conduction from HEART ATRIA to HEART VENTRICLES. AV block can mean delayed or compl...

Barth Syndrome - Rare congenital X-linked disorder of lipid metabolism. Barth syndrome is transmitted in an X-linked ...

Bradycardia - Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats pe...

Brugada Syndrome - An autosomal dominant defect of cardiac conduction that is characterized by an abnormal ST-segment i...

Bundle-Branch Block - A form of heart block in which the electrical stimulation of HEART VENTRICLES is interrupted at eith...

Carcinoid Heart Disease - Cardiac manifestation of gastrointestinal CARCINOID TUMOR that metastasizes to the liver. Substances...

Cardiac Complexes, Premature - A group of cardiac arrhythmias in which the cardiac contractions are not initiated at the SINOATRIAL...

Cardiac Output, High - A state of elevated cardiac output due to conditions of either increased hemodynamic demand or reduc...

Cardiac Output, Low - A state of subnormal or depressed cardiac output at rest or during stress. It is a characteristic of...

Cardiac Tamponade - Compression of the heart by accumulated fluid (PERICARDIAL EFFUSION) or blood (HEMOPERICARDIUM) in t...

Cardiomegaly - Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement ...

Cardiomyopathies - A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. C...

Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic - Disease of CARDIAC MUSCLE resulting from chronic excessive alcohol consumption. Myocardial damage ca...

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCT...

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic - A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease, characterized by left and/or right ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERT...

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, Familial - An autosomal dominant inherited form of HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY. It results from any of more tha...

Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive - A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease in which the ventricular walls are excessively rigid, impeding vent...

Carney Complex - Autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by cardiac and cutaneous MYXOMAS; LENTIGINOSIS (spotty pig...

Chagas Cardiomyopathy - A disease of the CARDIAC MUSCLE developed subsequent to the initial protozoan infection by TRYPANOSO...

Commotio Cordis - A sudden CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA (e.g., VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION) caused by a blunt, non-penetrating impa...

Cor Triatriatum - A malformation of the heart in which the embryonic common PULMONARY VEIN was not incorporated into t...

Coronary Aneurysm - Abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of CORONARY VESSELS. Most coronary aneurysms ar...

Coronary Artery Disease - Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atheroscl...

Coronary Disease - An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to ...

Coronary Occlusion - Complete blockage of blood flow through one of the CORONARY ARTERIES, usually from CORONARY ATHEROSC...

Coronary Restenosis - Recurrent narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery following surgical procedures performed to ...

Coronary Stenosis - Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery....

Coronary Thrombosis - Coagulation of blood in any of the CORONARY VESSELS. The presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) often l...

Coronary Vasospasm - Spasm of the large- or medium-sized coronary arteries....

Coronary Vessel Anomalies - Malformations of CORONARY VESSELS, either arteries or veins. Included are anomalous origins of coron...

Crisscross Heart - A developmental malformation of the heart characterized by a twisted but not defective atrioventicul...

Death, Sudden, Cardiac - Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. I...

Dextrocardia - A congenital defect in which the heart is located on the right side of the THORAX instead of on the ...

Discrete Subaortic Stenosis - A type of constriction that is caused by the presence of a fibrous ring (discrete type) below the AO...

Double Outlet Right Ventricle - Incomplete transposition of the great vessels in which both the AORTA and the PULMONARY ARTERY arise...

Ductus Arteriosus, Patent - A congenital heart defect characterized by the persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that co...

Dyspnea, Paroxysmal - A disorder characterized by sudden attacks of respiratory distress in at rest patients with HEART FA...

Ebstein Anomaly - A congenital heart defect characterized by downward or apical displacement of the TRICUSPID VALVE, u...

Edema, Cardiac - Abnormal fluid retention by the body due to impaired cardiac function or heart failure. It is usuall...

Eisenmenger Complex - A condition associated with VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT and other congenital heart defects that allow ...

Endocardial Cushion Defects - A spectrum of septal defects involving the ATRIAL SEPTUM; VENTRICULAR SEPTUM; and the atrioventricul...

Endocardial Fibroelastosis - A condition characterized by the thickening of ENDOCARDIUM due to proliferation of fibrous and elast...

Endocarditis - Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four...

Endocarditis, Bacterial - Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bact...

Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial - ENDOCARDIUM infection that is usually caused by STREPTOCOCCUS. Subacute infective endocarditis evolv...

Endomyocardial Fibrosis - A condition characterized by the thickening of the ventricular ENDOCARDIUM and subendocardium (MYOCA...

Foramen Ovale, Patent - A condition in which the FORAMEN OVALE in the ATRIAL SEPTUM fails to close shortly after birth. This...

Glycogen Storage Disease Type IIb - An X-linked dominant multisystem disorder resulting in cardiomyopathy, myopathy and MENTAL RETARDATI...

Heart Aneurysm - A localized bulging or dilatation in the muscle wall of a heart (MYOCARDIUM), usually in the LEFT VE...

Heart Arrest - Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arre...

Heart Block - Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as...

Heart Defects, Congenital - Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth bu...

Heart Diseases - Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities....

Heart Failure - A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the meta...

Heart Failure, Diastolic - Heart failure caused by abnormal myocardial relaxation during DIASTOLE leading to defective cardiac ...

Heart Failure, Systolic - Heart failure caused by abnormal myocardial contraction during SYSTOLE leading to defective cardiac ...

Heart Neoplasms - Tumors in any part of the heart. They include primary cardiac tumors and metastatic tumors to the he...

Heart Rupture - Disease-related laceration or tearing of tissues of the heart, including the free-wall MYOCARDIUM; H...

Heart Rupture, Post-Infarction - Laceration or tearing of cardiac tissues appearing after MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION....

Heart Septal Defects - Abnormalities in any part of the HEART SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communication between the left a...

Heart Septal Defects, Atrial - Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the ATRIAL SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications...

Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular - Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communica...

Heart Valve Diseases - Pathological conditions involving any of the various HEART VALVES and the associated structures (PAP...

Heart Valve Prolapse - Downward displacement of any one of the HEART VALVES from its normal position. This usually results ...

Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular - Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to s...

Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular - Enlargement of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is often attribut...

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome - A condition caused by underdevelopment of the whole left half of the heart. It is characterized by h...

Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction - MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the inferior wall of the heart is involved. It is often caused by occ...

Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium - Rare congenital cardiomyopathies characterized by the lack of left ventricular myocardium compaction...

Jervell-Lange Nielsen Syndrome - A form of long QT syndrome that is associated with congenital deafness. It is characterized by abnor...

Kartagener Syndrome - An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a triad of DEXTROCARDIA; INFERTILITY; and SINUSITIS...

Kearns-Sayre Syndrome - A mitochondrial disorder featuring the triad of chronic progressive EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA, cardio...

LEOPARD Syndrome - An autosomal dominant disorder with an acronym of its seven features (LENTIGO; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM abn...

Levocardia - Congenital abnormalities in which the HEART is in the normal position (levocardia) in the left side...

Long QT Syndrome - A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricula...

Lown-Ganong-Levine Syndrome - A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized by a short PR interval and a normal QRS complex. ...

Lutembacher Syndrome - A condition characterized by a combination of OSTIUM SECUNDUM ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT and an acquired M...

Marfan Syndrome - An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, an...

Microvascular Angina - ANGINA PECTORIS or angina-like chest pain with a normal coronary arteriogram and positive EXERCISE T...

Mitral Valve Insufficiency - Backflow of blood from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the LEFT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the MITRA...

Mitral Valve Prolapse - Abnormal protrusion or billowing of one or both of the leaflets of MITRAL VALVE into the LEFT ATRIUM...

Mitral Valve Stenosis - Narrowing of the passage through the MITRAL VALVE due to FIBROSIS, and CALCINOSIS in the leaflets an...

Myocardial Bridging - A malformation that is characterized by a muscle bridge over a segment of the CORONARY ARTERIES. Sys...

Myocardial Infarction - NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCU...

Myocardial Ischemia - A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. ...

Myocardial Reperfusion Injury - Damage to the MYOCARDIUM resulting from MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION (restoration of blood flow to ischemi...

Myocardial Stunning - Prolonged dysfunction of the myocardium after a brief episode of severe ischemia, with gradual retur...

Myocarditis - Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the...

Parasystole - A cardiac arrhythmia that is caused by interaction of two independently initiated cardiac impulses o...

Pericardial Effusion - Fluid accumulation within the PERICARDIUM. Serous effusions are associated with pericardial diseases...

Pericarditis - Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM from various origins, such as infection, neoplasm, autoimmune proces...

Pericarditis, Constrictive - Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM that is characterized by the fibrous scarring and adhesion of both s...

Pericarditis, Tuberculous - INFLAMMATION of the sac surrounding the heart (PERICARDIUM) due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS infect...

Pneumopericardium - Presence of air or gas in the space between the heart and the PERICARDIUM. The degree of respiratory...

Postpericardiotomy Syndrome - A nonspecific hypersensitivity reaction caused by TRAUMA to the PERICARDIUM, often following PERICAR...

Pre-Excitation Syndromes - A group of conditions in which HEART VENTRICLE activation by the atrial impulse is faster than the n...

Pre-Excitation, Mahaim-Type - A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized by a normal PR interval and a long QRS interval w...

Pulmonary Atresia - A congenital heart defect characterized by the narrowing or complete absence of the opening between ...

Pulmonary Heart Disease - Hypertrophy and dilation of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart that is caused by PULMONARY HYPERTENSIO...

Pulmonary Subvalvular Stenosis - Narrowing below the PULMONARY VALVE or well below it in the infundibuluar chamber where the pulmonar...

Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency - Backflow of blood from the PULMONARY ARTERY into the RIGHT VENTRICLE due to imperfect closure of the...

Pulmonary Valve Stenosis - The pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the PULMONARY VALVE. This lesion restricts blood outflow ...

Rheumatic Heart Disease - Cardiac manifestation of systemic rheumatological conditions, such as RHEUMATIC FEVER. Rheumatic hea...

Romano-Ward Syndrome - A form of long QT syndrome that is without congenital deafness. It is caused by mutation of the KCNQ...

Shock, Cardiogenic - Shock resulting from diminution of cardiac output in heart disease....

Sick Sinus Syndrome - A condition caused by dysfunctions related to the SINOATRIAL NODE including impulse generation (CARD...

Sinoatrial Block - Disturbance in the atrial activation that is caused by transient failure of impulse conduction from ...

Sinus Arrest, Cardiac - The omission of atrial activation that is caused by transient cessation of impulse generation at the...

Tachycardia - Abnormally rapid heartbeat, usually with a HEART RATE above 100 beats per minute for adults. Tachyca...

Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry - Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentry of atrial impulse into the dual (fast and slow) pathwa...

Tachycardia, Ectopic Atrial - Abnormally rapid heartbeats originating from one or more automatic foci (nonsinus pacemakers) in the...

Tachycardia, Ectopic Junctional - A rare form of supraventricular tachycardia caused by automatic, not reentrant, conduction initiated...

Tachycardia, Paroxysmal - Abnormally rapid heartbeats with sudden onset and cessation....

Tachycardia, Reciprocating - Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentrant conduction over the accessory pathways between the H...

Tachycardia, Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry - Abnormally rapid heartbeats caused by reentry circuit in or around the SINOATRIAL NODE. It is charac...

Tachycardia, Sinus - Simple rapid heartbeats caused by rapid discharge of impulses from the SINOATRIAL NODE, usually betw...

Tachycardia, Supraventricular - A generic expression for any tachycardia that originates above the BUNDLE OF HIS....

Tachycardia, Ventricular - An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated wi...

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy - A transient left ventricular apical dysfunction or ballooning accompanied by electrocardiographic (E...

Tetralogy of Fallot - A combination of congenital heart defects consisting of four key features including VENTRICULAR SEPT...

Torsades de Pointes - A malignant form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that is characterized by HEART RATE between ...

Transposition of Great Vessels - A congenital cardiovascular malformation in which the AORTA arises entirely from the RIGHT VENTRICLE...

Tricuspid Atresia - Absence of the orifice between the RIGHT ATRIUM and RIGHT VENTRICLE, with the presence of an atrial ...

Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency - Backflow of blood from the RIGHT VENTRICLE into the RIGHT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the TRI...

Tricuspid Valve Prolapse - Abnormal protrusion of one or more of the leaflets of TRICUSPID VALVE into the RIGHT ATRIUM during S...

Tricuspid Valve Stenosis - The pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the TRICUSPID VALVE. This hinders the emptying of RIGHT A...

Trilogy of Fallot - A combination of congenital heart defects consisting of three key features including ATRIAL SEPTAL D...

Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent - A congenital anomaly caused by the failed development of TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS into separate AORTA and ...

Ventricular Dysfunction - A condition in which HEART VENTRICLES exhibit impaired function....

Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usual...

Ventricular Dysfunction, Right - A condition in which the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usua...

Ventricular Fibrillation - A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firin...

Ventricular Flutter - A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia characterized by an extremely rapid, hemodynamically unstabl...

Ventricular Outflow Obstruction - Occlusion of the outflow tract in either the LEFT VENTRICLE or the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart. Thi...

Ventricular Premature Complexes - A type of cardiac arrhythmia with premature contractions of the HEART VENTRICLES. It is characterize...

Ventricular Septal Rupture - Laceration or tearing of the VENTRICULAR SEPTUM, usually caused by MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION....

Williams Syndrome - A disorder caused by hemizygous microdeletion of about 28 genes on chromosome 7q11.23, including the...

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome - A form of ventricular pre-excitation characterized by a short PR interval and a long QRS interval wi...

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Common Chronic Illnesses

Coronary Disease

An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.
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Hypertension

Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.

Mesothelioma

A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Osteoarthritis

A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.

Health TermsHealth Terms and Definitions