Neuropeptides
Categorical breakdown of terms falling inder the category of Neuropeptides. Sub categories will become more specific in nature to the terms listed for Neuropeptides.
Sub-Categories
Terms
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - An anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the ADRENAL CORTEX and its production of CORTICOSTEROI...
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - An anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the ADRENAL CORTEX and its production of CORTICOSTEROI...
alpha-Endorphin - An endogenous opioid peptide derived from BETA-LIPOTROPIN of the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) system....
alpha-Endorphin - An endogenous opioid peptide derived from BETA-LIPOTROPIN of the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) system....
alpha-MSH - A 13-amino acid peptide derived from proteolytic cleavage of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE, the N-term...
alpha-MSH - A 13-amino acid peptide derived from proteolytic cleavage of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE, the N-term...
alpha-MSH - A 13-amino acid peptide derived from proteolytic cleavage of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE, the N-term...
Angiotensin I - A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited bio...
Angiotensin II - An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after ...
Angiotensin III - A heptapeptide formed from ANGIOTENSIN II after the removal of an amino acid at the N-terminal by AM...
Angiotensins - Oligopeptides which are important in the regulation of blood pressure (VASOCONSTRICTION) and fluid h...
Arginine Vasopressin - The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE a...
beta-Endorphin - A 31-amino acid peptide that is the C-terminal fragment of BETA-LIPOTROPIN. It acts on OPIOID RECEPT...
beta-Endorphin - A 31-amino acid peptide that is the C-terminal fragment of BETA-LIPOTROPIN. It acts on OPIOID RECEPT...
beta-Lipotropin - A 90-amino acid peptide derived from post-translational processing of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) in...
beta-MSH - An 18-amino acid peptide that is the C-terminal fragment of gamma-lipotropin which is the N-terminal...
beta-MSH - An 18-amino acid peptide that is the C-terminal fragment of gamma-lipotropin which is the N-terminal...
beta-MSH - An 18-amino acid peptide that is the C-terminal fragment of gamma-lipotropin which is the N-terminal...
Bombesin - A tetradecapeptide originally obtained from the skins of toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata. It ...
Bradykinin - A nonapeptide messenger that is enzymatically produced from KALLIDIN in the blood where it is a pote...
Buserelin - A potent synthetic agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE with D-serine substitution at residue 6...
Calcitonin - A peptide hormone that lowers calcium concentration in the blood. In humans, it is released by thyro...
Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide - Calcitonin gene-related peptide. A 37-amino acid peptide derived from the calcitonin gene. It occurs...
Carnosine - A naturally occurring dipeptide neuropeptide found in muscles....
Cholecystokinin - A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the ce...
Corticotropin-Like Intermediate Lobe Peptide - A peptide derived from the cleavage of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE, found primarily in the INTERMEDI...
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone - A peptide of about 41 amino acids that stimulates the release of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE. CRH is...
Cosyntropin - A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of ADRENOCORTIC...
Deamino Arginine Vasopressin - A synthetic analog of the pituitary hormone, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN. Its action is mediated by the VAS...
Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide - A nonapeptide that is found in neurons, peripheral organs, and plasma. This neuropeptide induces mai...
Dynorphins - A class of opioid peptides including dynorphin A, dynorphin B, and smaller fragments of these peptid...
Eledoisin - A peptide extracted from the posterior salivary glands of certain small octopi (Eledone spp., Mollus...
Endorphins - One of the three major groups of endogenous opioid peptides. They are large peptides derived from th...
Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)- - An enkephalin analog that selectively binds to the MU OPIOID RECEPTOR. It is used as a model for dru...
Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)- - A disulfide opioid pentapeptide that selectively binds to the DELTA OPIOID RECEPTOR. It possesses an...
Enkephalin, Leucine - One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from MET-ENKEPHALIN in t...
Enkephalin, Methionine - One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from LEU-ENKEPHALIN by t...
Enkephalins - One of the three major families of endogenous opioid peptides. The enkephalins are pentapeptides tha...
Felypressin - A synthetic analog of LYPRESSIN with a PHENYLALANINE substitution at residue 2. Felypressin is a vas...
FMRFamide - A molluscan neuroactive peptide which induces a fast excitatory depolarizing response due to direct ...
Galanin - A neuropeptide of 29-30 amino acids depending on the species. Galanin is widely distributed througho...
Galanin-Like Peptide - A neuropeptide that is highly homologous to GALANIN. It is produced by proteolytic processing of a l...
gamma-Endorphin - An endogenous opioid peptide derived from BETA-LIPOTROPIN of the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) system....
gamma-Endorphin - An endogenous opioid peptide derived from BETA-LIPOTROPIN of the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) system....
gamma-Lipotropin - A lipotropic peptide that is the N-terminal fragment of beta-lipotropin. It is a peptide of 56 amino...
gamma-MSH - An 11-amino acid peptide derived from the N-terminal fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). Gamma-...
gamma-MSH - An 11-amino acid peptide derived from the N-terminal fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). Gamma-...
gamma-MSH - An 11-amino acid peptide derived from the N-terminal fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). Gamma-...
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide - A gastrointestinal peptide hormone of about 43-amino acids. It is found to be a potent stimulator of...
Gastrin-Releasing Peptide - Neuropeptide and gut hormone that helps regulate GASTRIC ACID secretion and motor function. Once rel...
Gastrins - A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of GASTRIC JUICE. They may a...
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone - A decapeptide that stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZI...
Goserelin - A synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. Goserelin is used in treatments o...
Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone - A peptide of 44 amino acids in most species that stimulates the release and synthesis of GROWTH HORM...
Hypothalamic Hormones - Peptide hormones produced by NEURONS of various regions in the HYPOTHALAMUS. They are released into ...
Kassinin - Dodecapeptide tachykinin found in the central nervous system of the amphibian Kassina senegalensis. ...
Leuprolide - A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE that regulates the synthesi...
Lypressin - The porcine antidiuretic hormone (VASOPRESSINS). It is a cyclic nonapeptide that differs from ARG-VA...
Melanocortins - Peptides derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) which can stimulate MELANOCYTES or CORTICOTROPHS. ...
Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones - Peptides with the ability to stimulate pigmented cells MELANOCYTES in mammals and MELANOPHORES in lo...
Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones - Peptides with the ability to stimulate pigmented cells MELANOCYTES in mammals and MELANOPHORES in lo...
Motilin - A peptide of about 22-amino acids isolated from the DUODENUM. At low pH it inhibits gastric motor ac...
MSH Release-Inhibiting Hormone - A hypothalamic tripeptide, enzymatic degradation product of OXYTOCIN, that inhibits the release of M...
Nafarelin - A potent synthetic agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE with 3-(2-naphthyl)-D-alanine substitut...
Neurokinin A - A mammalian neuropeptide of 10 amino acids that belongs to the tachykinin family. It is similar in s...
Neurokinin B - A mammalian neuropeptide of 10 amino acids that belongs to the tachykinin family. It is similar in s...
Neuropeptide Y - A 36-amino acid peptide present in many organs and in many sympathetic noradrenergic neurons. It has...
Neuropeptides - Peptides released by NEURONS as intercellular messengers. Many neuropeptides are also hormones relea...
Neurophysins - Carrier proteins for OXYTOCIN and VASOPRESSIN. They are polypeptides of about 10-kDa, synthesized in...
Neurotensin - A biologically active tridecapeptide isolated from the hypothalamus. It has been shown to induce hyp...
Opioid Peptides - The endogenous peptides with opiate-like activity. The three major classes currently recognized are ...
Ornipressin - A synthetic analog of vasopressin with ORNITHINE substitution at residue 8 of the cyclic nonapeptide...
Pancreatic Polypeptide - A 36-amino acid pancreatic hormone that is secreted mainly by endocrine cells found at the periphery...
Peptide PHI - A 27-amino acid peptide with histidine at the N-terminal and isoleucine amide at the C-terminal. The...
Physalaemin - An oligopeptide isolated from the skin of Physalaemus fuscumaculatus, a South American frog. It is a...
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide - A multi-function neuropeptide that acts throughout the body by elevating intracellular cyclic AMP le...
Pituitary Hormone Release Inhibiting Hormones - Polypeptide hormones produced in the hypothalamus which inhibit the release of pituitary hormones. U...
Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones - Peptides, natural or synthetic, that stimulate the release of PITUITARY HORMONES. They were first is...
Prolactin Release-Inhibiting Factors - A number of peptides with inhibitory activities on PROLACTIN release have been isolated from the HYP...
Prolactin-Releasing Hormone - A hypothalamic hormone that is synthesized as a precursor protein which is cleaved into two peptides...
Pro-Opiomelanocortin - A 30-kDa protein synthesized primarily in the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND and the HYPOTHALAMUS. It is a...
Secretin - A peptide hormone of about 27 amino acids from the duodenal mucosa that activates pancreatic secreti...
Sermorelin - The biologically active fragment of human growth hormone-releasing factor, consisting of GHRH(1-29)-...
Somatostatin - A 14-amino acid peptide named for its ability to inhibit pituitary GROWTH HORMONE release, also call...
Somatostatin-28 - A 28-amino acid peptide with the same biological activities of somatostatin-14 but with a 14-amino a...
Substance P - An eleven-amino acid neurotransmitter that appears in both the central and peripheral nervous system...
Tachykinins - A family of biologically active peptides sharing a common conserved C-terminal sequence, -Phe-X-Gly-...
Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone - A tripeptide that stimulates the release of THYROTROPIN and PROLACTIN. It is synthesized by the neur...
Triptorelin - A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE with D-tryptophan substitut...
Urocortins - Neuropeptides of about 40 amino acids which are structurally similar to CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACT...
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide - A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of b...
Vasopressins - Antidiuretic hormones released by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS of all vertebrates (structure varies with spec...
Common Chronic Illnesses
Coronary Disease
An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence.
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.
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Hypertension
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.
Mesothelioma
A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Osteoarthritis
A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.
